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Strings
a A string is an array of characters.
a Strings must have a 0 or null character after
the last character to show where the string
ends. The null character is not included in the
string.
a Two ways of using strings are:
The first is with a character array and
the second is with a string pointer.
a A character array is declared in the same
way as a normal array.
Example: O
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Strings

a Any sequence or set of characters defined

within double quotation symbols is a
constant string.
a Set the value of each individual element of
the array to the character you want and
you must make the last character a 0.
a Remember to use ë when printing the
string.
Strings

a In C, it is required to do some meaningful

operations on strings:
Reading string displaying strings
Combining or concatenating strings
Copying one string to another.
Comparing string & checking whether they are
equal
Extraction of a portion of a string
 
    

a The function scanf with %s format

specification is needed to read the character
string from the terminal.
Ex 
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 ë



a O
 statement has a draw back it just
terminates the statement as soon as it finds a
blank space
 
    

a The function ›
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 can be used repeatedly
to read a sequence of successive single
characters and store it in the array.
a ºe cannot manipulate strings since C does not
provide any operators for string. For instance we
cannot assign one string to another directly.
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a The example about is not valid. To copy the
chars in one string to another string we may do
so on a character to character basis.
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a String pointers are declared as a pointer to a
char.
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String handling functions

a The › header file has some

useful functions for working with strings.
a à
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strcpy copies the source string to the
destination string.
 
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String handling functions

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üoins the destination and source strings and
puts the joined string into the destination
string.
 
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String handling functions

a à

à à 
Compares the first and second strings. If the
first string is greater than the second one then
a number higher than 0 is returned. If the first
string is less than the second then a number
lower than 0 is returned. If the strings are
equal then 0 is returned.
 
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String handling functions

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 will return zero because the two strings are equal.
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 will return a 9 which is the numeric difference
between ASCII µi¶ and ASCII ¶r¶.
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 will return 32 which is the numeric difference
between ASCII ³T´ & ASCII ³t´.
String handling functions

a à
   
This function is same as strcmp() which compares
two strings but not case sensitive.
Ex 
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String handling functions

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Returns the amount of characters in a string.
 
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String handling functions

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Returns the amount of characters in a string.
 
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