Fuzzy

Logic
By
Astha Dangwal
Roll no.- 17
INTRODUCT
ION What Is Fuzzy Logic????
¤ A multivalued Logic !

¤ Fuzzy logic deals with intermediate values

between 0 and 1.

¤ It gives us the degree of ‘truthfulness’

¤ A way to make use of natural language in

logic

¤ A linguistic variable such as temperature

may have a value such as hot or its antonym
cold
 HISTORY OF FUZZY LOGIC!
¤ During ancient times it was

!
st thought that either a
Pa
preposition is entirely true or
entirely false.
’s
y

¤World is full of contradiction

zz

and there is a degree of truth

and a degree false at the
Fu

same time.

¤ Founder of Fuzzy Logic:

Dr. Lotfi A Zadeh
 FUZZY OPERATORS
Rules are usually expressed in the form:
IF variable IS property THEN action
For example, a simple temperature regulator that uses a
fan might look like this:
웃 IF temperature IS very cold THEN stop fan
웃 IF temperature IS cold THEN turn down fan
웃 IF temperature IS normal THEN maintain level
웃 IF temperature IS hot THEN speed up fan
FUZZY LOGIC OPERATIONS
NEGATION
AND (Intersection)
OR (Union)
FUZZY DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
S
O
F
T
W
A
R
E
Software
Development tools
A programming language to code the entire fuzzy
sytem manually.

A fuzzy pre-compiler.

Use of Visual Design Interface.

FUZZY DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
H
A
R
D
W
A
R
E
Hardware Development Tools
First Generation Fuzzy Logic Processors
-used fuzzy logic gates.
-not popular
Second Generation Fuzzy Logic Processors
-Could connect to the host micro-controller unit
-Expensive
Third Generation Fuzzy Logic Processors
-Integrate fuzzy logic operators within microcontrollers
-Speedy
-Compact codes
 HOW IS FUZZY LOGIC USED?
웃 Define the control objectives and criteria

웃 Determine the input and output relationships

웃 Break the control problem down into a series of IF X IS Y

THEN Z

웃 Create FL membership functions that define the meaning

(values) of Input/Output terms used in the rules.
 FUZZY
CONTROLLERS
웃 Fuzzy controllers are able to control problems for which construction
of accurate mathematical models are difficult and expensive.
eg. IF temperature IS hot THEN fan speed is high

웃 Fuzzy Controllers are robust.

웃 New sensors can be easily incorporated.

웃 Any reasonable number of inputs can be

processed (1-8 or more) and numerous
outputs (1-4 or more) generated.

웃 Fuzzy Logic can control nonlinear systems

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FUZZY
CONTROLLER
APPLICATIONS OF FUZZY
LOGIC
Temperature Control (heating/cooling)
Ever wondered how the AC works?
Auto Focus on the Camera
how does the camera knows what to focus on?
Elevators
Fuzzy logic helps to reduce waiting time.
Subways
Fuzzy-logic controllers make subway journeys more
comfortable with smooth braking and acceleration.
Washing Machines
 CASE STUDY– FUZZY TRAFFIC
CONTROL
The Fuzzy controller is supposed to change the cycle
time depending upon the densities of cars behind
green and red lights and the current cycle time.
 BACKGROUND
웃 In a conventional traffic light controller, the lights
change at constant cycle time.
웃 It would be more feasible to pass more cars at the
green interval, if there are fewer cars waiting
behind the red lights.
웃 Obviously, a mathematical model for this
decision is enormously difficult to find.
웃 However, with fuzzy logic, it is relatively much
easier
 FUZZY DESIGN
 The first sensor behind each traffic
light counts the number cars coming
to the intersection.

 The second counts the cars passing

the traffic lights.

 The distance D, chosen to be 200ft.,

is used to determine the maximum
density of cars allowed to wait in a
very crowded situation

Density between E-W:

(s1-s2)+(s5-s6)/400.
 EVALUATION OF FUZZY TRAFFIC
CONTROLLER

P.S : Machine Beats

Man!
 ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES OF
FUZZY LOGIC
Advantages of fuzzy logic
- Allows the use of vague linguistic terms in the rules.
-Can accept multiple inputs and generate multiple
results.
-No complex mathematical model is required.
Disadvantages of fuzzy logic
– Difficult to estimate membership function
– There are many ways of interpreting fuzzy rules,
combining the outputs of several fuzzy rules and
defuzzifying the output.
 FUTURE
SCOPE
The future is bright, the future is fuzzy!

¤ Robots with a humanlike repertoire of behaviour.

¤ Computers that understand and respond to normal human

language.

¤ Machines that write interesting novels and screenplays in a selected

style.

¤ Molecule-sized soldiers of health that will roam the blood-stream,

killing cancer cells and slowing the aging process.
Thankyou !