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1.1 INTRODUCTION



  The sectionalizer is a self-
contained, circuit-opening device used in conjunction
with source-side protective devices, such as reclosers
or circuit breakers, to automatically isolate faulted
sections of electrical distribution systems. Power to
operate the control circuitry and the mechanism is
obtained from the line through the sensing-current
transformers. No auxiliary power supply, external
connections, or external equipment is required.
The sectionalizer senses current flow above a preset
level, and when the source-side protective device
opens to de-energize the circuit, the sectionalizer
counts the overcurrent interruption. Sectionalizers are
an economical method of further improving service on
distribution lines equipped with reclosers or reclosing
circuit breakers. They isolate permanent faults and
confine outages to smaller sections of line.

Since the sectionalizer does not require a time-current

base for its operation, it is easily coordinated with
other protective devices on the system. It provides an
additional step of protection without adding a
coordinating step to the protective scheme.
Sectionalizers can be used in place of fuses or between
the reclosing device and a fuse without setting changes
to other devices.

A sectionalizer has distinct application advantages:

_ It can be applied between two protective devices
having operating curves, which are close together.
This is a vital feature in a location where an additional
step in coordination is not practical or possible.
_ It can be used on close-in taps where high available
fault current prevents coordination with fuses.
_ It has fault close and latch capability for any fault-
closing operations.
uajor classifying features of sectionalizers are as
follows:
_ Single-Phase Hydraulic
_ Three-Phase Hydraulic
_ Three-Phase Electronic
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Single-phase sectionalizers are used to protect single-

phase lines such as branches or taps of a three-phase
feeder. They primarily are installed beyond single-phase
reclosers to isolate the fault to the smallest area. They
will not require refusing for down line fuses. They are
ideal to isolate faults for longer overhead distribution
lines. Sectionalizers are a low cost solution when an
additional step in coordination is not practical or
possible.
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There are various types of three-phase sectionalizers

available to satisfy multiple applications at the most
economical cost. They are used to segment distribution
feeders into multiple zones of protection. Three-phase
sectionalizers are applied with three-phase
simultaneous-opening backup devices. They have all of
the advantages of single-phase sectionalizers and have
additional application flexibility with high ratings and
electronic control options.
ELECTRIC DREAuS COuE TRUE

uORESCO ʹ 1
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uORESCO-1, world-class power provider of choice.




Partners with communities for economic development
and environment protection; Provides business
partners with utmost value; and Provides career
advancement opportunities and work-life quality to
employees and staff.

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The path towards the Vision and uission of uORESCO
ʹ 1 shall be guided by these Core Values...
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Õe will constantly strive for excellence, be the best
we can be in everything we do. Õe will be proactive,
driven by a sense of urgency, competitiveness, and
commitment to results.
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Õe believe that social responsibility is an integral part
of our business. Õe are committed to helping improve
lives of people and in protecting the environment in the
communities we serve.

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In the conduct of our business, we will be guided by what is
ethical, fair, and right. Õe are committed to good
governance and the highest moral standards.
1.2 STATEuENT OF THE PROBLEu:
As per inquiries in uORESCO ʹ 1, the researcher
obtain problems regarding power quality. In order to
meet the needs of the customer, the study focuses on
the sectionalizing of the feeder lines in terms of critical
loads.
1.3 SCOPE AND LIuITATIONS:
Power distribution of uORESCO ʹ 1 has a large
concern to be considered, the researcher limit the
study on sectionalizing the feeder lines of Opol and
Lumbo substations.
1.4 Significance of the study:
The study is important for the benefits of both
distributor and the customers, among are as follows:
`Ensure the quality of electric power in the
distribution system.
`Distribution system will be operated in safe and
efficient manner and with a high degree of
reliability.
`ueet the specific needs of the customers in the
system.