Professional Documents
Culture Documents
What is a risk?
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Acceptable level of risk
This is generally determined by what is
prepared to be lost balanced against possible
gains
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Individual Perceptions
• Risk is a very individual concept.
• It is different for every one.
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Risk
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The Risk Management Process
the total procedure associated with
identifying a hazard,
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Accident Theory
SINGLE FACTOR THEORIES
Example: A person in a hurry walks through a poorly lit
area and trips over a piece of wood.
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MULTIPLE FACTOR
THEORY
Example: A person in a hurry walks through a poorly
lit area and trips over a piece of wood.
The Accident:
The accident occurs when the above events conspire to
cause something to go wrong.
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DOMINO EFFECT
May be too limited to consistently reflect reality.
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Hazard Identification
Hazard:
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Hazard Identification
Hazard identification is the first step in the risk
management process.
Location
Machine
Person
Age of Person
Time of Day
Day of Week
Part of Body
Severity of Injury
Occupation
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Hazard Identification
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Hazard Identification
BRAINSTORMING
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Hazard Identification
KNOWLEDGE OF
EMPLOYEES
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Hazard Identification
CONTACTS
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Hazard Identification
Industry Associations
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Hazard Identification
ASK, "WHAT IF . . . ?”
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Risk Assessment
Risk:
The possibility of an unwanted event occurring
Likelihood:
The chance of an event actually occurring.
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Likelihood
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Likelihood
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Exposure
When evaluating the likelihood of an accident,
a factor that will modify the likelihood category, is
exposure.
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CONSEQUENCES
FATAL — Death
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
Control: the measures we take to eliminate
or reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
Elimination
Substitution
Isolation
Engineering Controls
Administrative Controls
Provide Personal Protective Equipment .
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
ELIMINATION
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
SUBSTITUTION
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
Isolation
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
ADMINISTRATION
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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Provision of personal protective equipment should only
be considered when all other control methods are
impractical, or to increase control when used with
another method higher up in the Hierarchy of Control.
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MONITORING AND REVIEW
KEY POINT
A review follow-up is always essential.
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CONCLUSION
Hazard identification, risk assessment, control and review
is not a task that is completed and then forgotten about.
Hazard identification should be properly documented even
in the simplest of situations
Look only for hazards, which you could reasonably expect to result in significant
harm under the conditions in your workplace. Use the following example as a
guide: -
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WHO MIGHT BE HARMED?
There is no need to list individuals by name – just think about groups of people
doing similar work or who may be affected, e.g.: -
Office staff
Operators
Maintenance personnel
Cleaners
Contractors
People sharing your workplace
Members of the public
List groups of people who are especially at risk from the significant
hazards, which you may have identified.
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IS THE RISK ADEQUATELY CONTROLLED?
Have you already taken precautions against the risks from the hazards you
listed? e.g. have you provided:-
Do the precautions:-
If so, then the risks are adequately controlled, but you need to indicate the
precautions you have in place. You may refer to procedures, manuals,
company rules, etc. giving this information.
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WHAT FURTHER ACTION IS NECESSARY TO CONTROL THE RISK?
What more could you reasonably do for those risks which you found where not
adequately controlled?
You will need to give priority to those risks, which affect large numbers of
people and/or could result in serious harm. Apply the principles below when
taking further actions, if possible in the following order:-
Remove the risk completely
Try a less risky option
Prevent access to the hazard (e.g. by guarding)
Organize work to reduce exposure to the hazard
Issue personal protective equipment
Provide welfare facilities (e.g. washing facilities for removal of contamination
and first-aid)
List the risks that are not adequately controlled and the action you will take
where it is reasonably practicable to do more. You have to take the cost into
account, unless the risk is high.
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Thanks
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