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1 NANOFIBER
2 ELECTROSPINNING
Human
Human hair
hair Nanofibers
Nanofibers
High
High surface
surface High
High Flexibility,
Flexibility,
area
area porosity
porosity rigidity
rigidity
NANOFIBER PRODUCTION METHODS
K. Yoon, K. Kim, X. Wang, D. Fang, B.S. Hsiao, B. Chu, High flux ultrafiltration membranes based on electrospun nanofibrous
PAN scaffolds and chitosan coating, Polymer 47 (2006) 2434–2441.
NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
•Increasing concentration of solution increases fiber diameter,
•Pore diameter increses with increasing fiber diameter,
•Porosity decreases with increasing fiber diameter,
•Surface porosity and volumetric porosity are similar for
nanofiber membranes,
•Surface porosity and volumetric porosity are similar for
conventional ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes,
•Nanofiber membrane can exhibit %73 porosity
A) %4, B)%6, C)%8, D)%12
•High porosity of nanofiber membrane causes
high fouling problem
•Chitosan coating would allow water to
penetrate without losing too much flow rate,
while the smooth coating surface would
minimize the blockage problem
NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
•%15 PVdF/DMAc-Acetone 1:1
•10 cm2 nanofiber web
•145 oC 18 hour heat treatment
FESEM micrographs of electrospun PVDF membrane (a) before and (b) after heat treatment.
R. Gopal, S. Kaur, Ma Zuwei, Casey Chan, S. Ramakrishna, T. Matsuura, Electrospun nanofibrous filtration
membrane, J. Membr. Sci. 281 (1–2) (2006) 581–586.
NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
Particle Membrane area (cm2) Feed flux (kg/h) Water flux end Separation
size(µm) of exp. (kg/h) factor(%)
10 3 133 133 96
5 3 200 200 91
1 3 467 - -
1 3 1300 530 98
R. Gopal, S. Kaur, Ma Zuwei, Casey Chan, S. Ramakrishna, T. Matsuura, Electrospun nanofibrous filtration membrane, J. Membr.
Sci. 281 (1–2) (2006) 581–586.
NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
The clearance of urea, creatinine, and vitamin B12 according to the inserted
membrane
K.H. Lee, D.J. Kim, B.G. Min, S.H. Lee, Polymeric nanofiber web-based artificial renal microfluidic chip, Biomedical Microdevices
(published online on 30 January 2007)
PA6 NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
FIBER DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION
45
40
35
SAMPLE 1
30
25 SAMPLE 2
20 SAMPLE 3
(%
15
ib
rs
eF
SAMPLE 4
)
10
5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Fiber diameter (nm)
50
45
40 SAMPLE 1
35
30 SAMPLE 2
25
(%o
p
SAMPLE 3
re
20
)
15
10 SAMPLE 4
5
0
0 1 2 3
Pore diameter (micron)
PA6 NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
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