You are on page 1of 19

m m 



Y 
 
O Electronic device
O used to store,
O manipulate, and
O retrieve the data
w 
O › computer is an electronic device,
operating under the control of
instructions (software) stored in its
own memory unit, that can accept
data (input), manipulate data
(process), and produce information
(output) from the processing.
Generally, the term is used to
describe a collection of devices that
function together as a system.
w   
 
 
Monitor Speaker
(output) (output)

System unit
(processor, memory¦)

rinter
(output)

Storage devices
(CD-RW, Floppy,
Hard disk, zip,¦)

Scanner Keyboard
(input) (input) Mouse
(input)

{
3   
 
O Speed
O ›ccuracy
O Consistency
O Storage capacity and
O Flexibility
   
O Computers can perform four general
operations, which comprise the
information processing cycle.

G Input
G rocess
G Output
G Storage
Y      
 

 3 
O Input devices.
O Central rocessing Unit
(containing the control
unit and the
arithmetic/logic unit).
O Memory.
O Output devices.
O Storage devices.


w 
O ›ll computer processing requires 6  , which is
a collection of raw facts, figures and symbols,
such as numbers, words, images, video and
sound, given to the computer during the input
phase.
O Computers manipulate data to create
information. m   is data that is
organized, meaningful, and useful.
O During the output hase, the information that
has been created is put into some form, such as
a printed report.
O The information can also be put in computer
storage for future use.
Y 
 
  
O The ability to perform the information
processing cycle with amazing speed.
O Reliability (low failure rate).
O ›ccuracy.
O ›bility to store huge amounts of data
and information.
O ›bility to communicate with other
computers.
ë w 
 ! 

O It must be given a detailed list of
instructions, called a ñ
  or   , that tells it
exactly what to do.
O 3efore processing a specific job, the
computer program corresponding to that
job must be stored in memory.
O Once the program is stored in memory
the computer can start the operation by
executing the program instructions one
after the other.
0 Input devices:
O Keyboard
O Mouse
O Scanner

0 Output devices:
OMonitor
O rinter
  "
O Microprocessor
O Memory
O 3us
O Expansion Slot
 
  "
O The central processing unit (C U)
contains electronic circuits that cause
processing to occur. The C U interprets
instructions to the computer, performs the
logical and arithmetic processing
operations, and causes the input and
output operations to occur. It is considered
the èbrain of the computer.
  
O Memory also called Random ›ccess Memory or
 (temporary memory) is the main memory
of the computer. It consists of electronic
components that store data including numbers,
letters of the alphabet, graphics and sound. ›ny
information stored in R›M is lost when the
computer is turned off.

O Read Only Memory or  is memory that is


etched on a chip that has start-up directions for
your computer. It is permanent memory.
3"
O Used to transfer the data
O Interface between devices


O To upgrade the C
  w  
O Floppy Disk
O Hard Drive
O Compact Disk (CD)
O Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)
O Flash Drives
3   
ë 6 
Electrical
Mechanical and
Electronic parts

  
Instruction - what is to be done and how the
work is to be done.
program - Set of instruction
Software - Set of interconnected program

 
Embedded software (hardware +software)
› software written for an electronic device
 # 

You might also like