Coastal (Protection) Structures

Miyazaki Prefecture
November 07, 2007
PANTAI
PANTAI
PELINDUNG PANTAI
PELINDUNG PANTAI
PELINDUNG PANTAI
Earth at Night by C. Mayhew & R. Simmon (NASA/GSFC), NOAA/NGDC, DMSP Digital Archive

http://veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/1438/earth_lights_lrg.jpg

Night scene of the earth

— What this indicates?
 Earth at Night by C. Mayhew & R. Simmon (NASA/GSFC), NOAA/NGDC, DMSP Digital Archive

http://veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/1438/earth_lights_lrg.jpg
Population density http://veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/116/pop_density.jpg
(NASA)

Night scene—What this means

Concentration of humans?and assets
 Concentration of
population and assets
(possibility of
catastrophic disasters)
人口・資産の集中
（大災害の可能性）

Advancement of
civilization
(strong? / vulnerable?
against disasters)
文明の発展
（災害に強い ?
逆に脆弱）

Energy consumption
(accelerating global
warming)
エネルギーの消費
（温暖化に荷担）
Coastal Protections Needed

Storm surge: Yokohama,

Coastal Protections Needed

Ten years after the construction

of the Narrowneck Reef, Australia
Coastal Protections Needed

After
Miami Beach

Before
Five Generic Solutions
Contoh Kasus: Holbeck Hall, Scarborough,
North Yorkshire, England
 TUJUAN
Learning objectives

Why does cliff recession occur?

What are the effects of cliff recession?
How can the coastline be protected?
What are the disadvantages of coastal protection?
What is the best method of coastal protection?
Why does cliff recession occur?
 TUJUAN
Learning objectives

Why does cliff recession occur?

What are the effects of cliff recession?
How can the coastline be protected?
What are the disadvantages of coastal protection?
What is the best method of coastal protection?
What are the effects of cliff recession?
 TUJUAN
Learning objectives

Why does cliff recession occur?

What are the effects of cliff recession?
How can the coastline be protected?
What are the disadvantages of coastal protection?
What is the best method of coastal protection?
How can the coastline be protected?
How do groynes work?

Groynes trap the sand which is carried along the coast by

longshore drift.
The sand acts as a natural protection against the force of the
waves. The waves break on the beach and not the cliffs.
How can the coastline be protected?
Hard engineering techniques aim to stop coastal processes
from occurring. Soft engineering methods try to work with
nature to protect the coast.
What has been done to protect coastal areas?

Match the correct protection method to its purpose!

 TUJUAN
Learning objectives

Why does cliff recession occur?

What are the effects of cliff recession?
How can the coastline be protected?
What are the disadvantages of coastal protection?
What is the best method of coastal protection?
What problems do sea walls create?

Why might a sea wall cause more coastal erosion?

What are the disadvantages of groynes?

Mappleton is located In 1991 a rock revetment and

on the Holderness two rock groynes were built.
Coastline. Sand accumulated and halted
erosion.
South of Mappleton the rate of
erosion has increased
significantly.
Material that usually moves
south via longshore drift is
becoming trapped within the
groynes.
Now there is no beach to
protect the cliffs - the sea
reaches the base of the soft cliffs
and erosion occurs.
 TUJUAN
Learning objectives

Why does cliff recession occur?

What are the effects of cliff recession?
How can the coastline be protected?
What are the disadvantages of coastal protection?
What is the best method of coastal protection?
What is the best method of coastal protection?

This is the imaginary coastal town of ‘Seaview’. Seaview

has been suffering from coastal erosion for the last 15
years since the nearby larger town of ‘Engleton’ had
groynes built to protect its own coastline.
What is the best method of coastal protection?
There are strong feelings about what should be done
to protect Seaview!
What is the best method of coastal protection?
Give each scheme a score from 1 (poor) to 5 (good). For
example, an expensive scheme should have a low score.

Would you choose the scheme with the highest score? Why?
Which is the most important criteria?