c c







The organs of the digestive system can
be separated into two groups:

þ c

  performs the whole
menu of digestive functions
(ingest,digest,absorbs and defecates)

þ c



 

(teeth,tongue and several large
digestive glands) assist the process of
the digestive breakdown in various
ways.
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 è also called the


  
, is a continuous,
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through the ventral body cavity and is open at
both ends.
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r º
 (labia) protect its anterior opening
r Ñ form its lateral walls
r ?   forms its anterior roof
r à   forms its posterior roof
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r ÷
  space between the lips and
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gums internally
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  area containing the
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r  occupies the floor of the mouth
r º
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r   
 
 paired masses of
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r º
 
 covers the base of the
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rom mouth, food passes posteriorly into the
 and xcommon
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is subdivided into the

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‡ Ê Ê ?c
 è posterior to the oral cavity
‡ ºc
Ê ?c
 è continuous with the
esophagus
 EÊ H


þ V    runs from the
pharynx through the diaphragm to the
stomach. bout 25 cm(10 inches long)

þ The walls of the alimentary canal organs

from the esophagus to the large
intestine are made up of the same four
basic tissue layers,or tunics.
 O basic tissue layer:
þ 
 
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over, and serves a protective effect due to
the high volume transit of food, saliva and
mucus.


: sparse.

 

 
: smooth muscle
þ 
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connective structures termed papillae.
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parts of the esophagus, to correspond with
the conscious control over swallowing in the
upper portions and the autonomic control in
the lower portions:
‡ 
 




 
: striated muscle
‡  

 
 

 


‡ 

 
: predominantly smooth muscle
þ à è the outer most layer of the wall. t
consist a single layer of flat serous fluid
producing cells, the visceral peritoneum.
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important intrinsic nerve plexuses è
the:
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n additional small subserous plexus is
associated with the serosa.
They help mobility and secretory activity
of
 tract organs.
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