Group Members

Muhammed Haaris. S
Karthi Keyan. D
Praveen Kumar. S
Ajay Kumar
Nivedha. B
Snehaa
Sowndharya
Keerthana
Introduction
Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants,
animals and other organisms.
Domesticating wild plant and animal species
for human benefit has occurred many times
all over the planet, and has a major impact on
the environment, both positive and negative.
Forest provides multiple benefits to
environment, people, and animals.
Wildlife
Wildlife can be found in all ecosystems.
Deserts, rain forests, plains, and other areas
including the most developed urban sites all
have distinct forms of wildlife.
 While the term in popular culture usually refers
to animals that are untouched by human factors.
Most scientists agree that wildlife around the
world is impacted by human activities.
 Natural Resources
A natural resource is anything people can use
which comes from nature.
 People do not make natural resources, but gather
them from the earth.
Examples of natural resources
are air, water, wood, crude oil, solar energy, wind
energy, hydro-electric energy, coal, and minerals.
Refined oil is not a natural resource, for example,
because people make it.
All places have their own natural resources.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within
a given ecosystem, biome, or on the
entire Earth.
Biodiversity is often used as a measure of the
health of biological systems.
The biodiversity found on Earth today consists of
many millions of distinct biologicalspecies.
The year 2010 has been declared as
the International Year of Biodiversity.
Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth.
Importance Of Forest
• Forest has cool air temperature by
release of water vapor into the air. 
• At day time trees generate oxygen and
store carbon dioxide, which helps to
clean air.  of wood which are used for
• Forest attracts wild life and offer food
and protection to them. 
• Forests offer privacy, reduce light
reflection, offer a sound barrier and help
guide wind direction and speed.  • Forest help in giving the
• Trees offer artistic functions such as
creating a background, framing a view,
complementing architecture, and so on.
• Well managed forests supply
higher quality water with less impurity
than water from other resources. 
• Forests help in controlling the
level floods.
• Forest provides different kind
different purposes like making
of furniture, paper, and pencils
and so on.
direction of wind and its speed.
• Forest helps in keeping
environment healthy and
beautiful.
• Forests also minimize noise
pollution.
• Forest helps the scientist to
invent new medicine as forest
has different kind or plants and
herb.
Deforestation
Deforestation is the clearance of naturally occurring
forests by logging and burning.
Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees or
derived charcoal are used as, or sold, for fuel or as a
commodity, while cleared land is used as pasture for
livestock, plantations of commodities, and settlements.
The removal of trees without sufficient
reforestation has resulted in damage
to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity.
It has adverse impacts on bio sequestration of
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Deforested regions typically incur significant
adverse soil erosion and frequently degrade into
wasteland.
Types Of Species
Rare Species
Endangered Species 
Vulnerable species
Extinct Species
Rare Species
A rare species are an organism which are
very uncommon or scarce.
This designation may be applied to either a
plant or animal taxon, and may be distinct
from the term "endangered" or "threatened
species" but not "extinct".
 Designation of a rare species may be made
by an official body such as a national
government, state or province.
Endangered Species
An endangered species is a population of
organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct
because it is either few in numbers, or
threatened by changing environmental or
predation parameters.
Also it could mean that due to deforestation
there may be a lack of food and/or water.
The International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN) has calculated the percentage of
endangered species as 40 percent of all
organisms based on the sample of species that
have been evaluated through 2006.
Vulnerable Species
A Vulnerable species is a species which has
been categorised by the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as likely to
become Endangered unless the circumstances
threatening its survival and reproduction improve.
Vulnerability is mainly caused by habitat loss or
destruction.
Vulnerable species are monitored and are
becoming threatened.
Extinct Species
These are species which are not found
after searches of known.
A species may be extinct from a local area,
region, country, continent, or the entire
earth.
Factors For The Depletion Of
Forest
 Changing patterns of temperatue and
precipitation due to global climate change
 Loss of habitat due to due changing land use
patterns (e.g. converting forest into farmland)
 Habitat fragmentation (e.g. small pockets of
woodland located far apart - due to logging or
converting land to farmland) makes it harder for
animals to find food and mates and disrupts
migrations
Damming rivers or changing river flow patterns
and erosional patterns in other ways can lead to
disrupted fish migrations, disrupted breeding, and
can limit the food supply.
Forest Conservation
Conservation of forest is certainly a necessity that
requires to be addressed as a priority.
For the survival of human beings, a holistic approach
is required to be adopted as regards protection of the
plant kingdom as well as the wildlife with regard to the
peaceful and mutually beneficial co-existence of all.
To prevent any kind of ecological imbalance a very
pragmatic action plan has to be formulated.
Towards achieving this many legislation have been
enacted in India and elsewhere.
Conservation
Movement
The conservation movement, also known as nature
conservation, is a political and social movement that
seeks to protect natural resources including plant and
animal species as well as their habitat for the future.
The early conservation movement
included fisheries and wildlife management, water, soil
conservation and sustainable forestry.
The contemporary conservation movement has
broadened from the early movement's emphasis on use of
sustainable yield of natural resources and preservation
of wilderness areas to include preservation of biodiversity.
Top Ten Forest Conservation
Method
The Nature Conservancy
World Wildlife Fund
Natural Resources Defense Council
 The Sierra Club
 International Crane Foundation
 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
 Oceana
Conservation International
 Wildlife Conservation Society
Project Tiger
Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation movement initiated
in India in 1972 to protect the Bengal Tigers.
 The project aims at tiger conservation in specially
constituted tiger reserves representative of various regions
throughout India.
It strives to maintain a viable population of this conservation
reliant species in their natural environment.
In 2008, there were more than 40 Project Tiger ,Tiger
Reserves of India covering an area over 37,761 km².
Project Tiger helped to increase the population of these tigers
from 1,200 in the 1970s to 3,500 in 1990s.
Reserve Forest 
A reserve forest or a reserved forest is a specific
term for designating forests and other natural areas
which enjoy judicial and / or constitutional protection
under the legal systems of many countries.
 The term forest reserve may also be used in some
contexts in these countries.
 Confusingly, in certain countries like Australia, the
term "forest reserve" is used to denote forests
accorded certain degrees of protection.
The term reserved forest was used to designate
protected forest areas in British India, under
the Indian Forest Act, 1927.
Protected Forest 
A protected forest is a specific term to denote
forests with some amount of legal, and / or
constitutional protection in certain countries.
Besides being a generic term to denote forests
where the habitat and resident species are legally
accorded protection.
In India, the term was first introduced in
the Indian Forest Act, 1927 to denote forests with
a limited amount of protection in British India.
The category of protection, and the term was
retained after Indian independence.
Unclassed Forest
These are other forest and
waste lands belonging to
government and private
individuals and communities.
Community And
Conservation
Critically Endangered Yellow-Tailed
Woolly Monkey Gets CC Help.
Community Conservation Assists in
Golden Langur Conservation.
Developing Conservation Strategies for
Tree Kangaroos.
Working Towards a Co-managed Park
System in Belize.
Scared Groves
Sacred groves of India are forest fragments of
varying sizes, which are communally protected,
and which usually have a significant religious
connotation for the protecting community.
Hunting and logging are usually strictly
prohibited within these patches.
 Other forms of forest usage
like honey collection and deadwood collection
are sometimes allowed on a sustainable basis.
Sacred groves did not enjoy protection via
federal legislation in India.
Chipko Movement
The Chipko movement or Chipko Andolan (literally "to
stick" in Hindi) is a socio-ecologicalmovement that
practised the Gandhian methods of satyagraha and non-
violent resistance, through the act of hugging trees to
protect them from being felled.
 The modern Chipko movement started in the early
1970s in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand, with
growing awareness towards rapid deforestation.
The landmark event in this struggle took place on March
26, 1974.
 The first recorded event of Chipko , took place in
village Khejarli, Jodhpur district, in 1730 AD.