Application of

motivation theories
The motivational techniques are :

1)Management by objectives

2)Job satisfaction

3)Job enlargement

4)Job rotation

5)Job enrichment
Management by objectives

A program that encompasses specific goals, participatively

set, for an explicit time period, with feedback on goal
progress.
 CASCADING OF OBJECTIVES

Overall org.
objectives XYZ company

Consumer Industrial
Divisional production products
objectives service division

Developmen
Departmenta Custome Marketing
Production t
l objectives r service

sales Research

Individual
oooo oooo oo
objectives ooo ooo oooo
Advantages of MBO
1.Improved performance

2.Greater sense of identification

3.Max utilization of resources

4.No role ambiguity

5.Improved communication

6.Improved organizational structure

7.Career development of the employees

Limitations of MBO
1.Lack of support of top management

2.Resentful attitude of employees

3.Costly & time consuming process

4.Poor integration

5.Emphasis on short term goals

6.Lack of adequate skills & training

7.Lack of follow up

8.Difficulty in achievement of group goals

9.Inflexibility

10.Limited application

11.Difficulties in quantifying the goals

Job enrichment

Job enrichment is a motivational technique which emphasizes

the need for challenging & interesting work.

It suggests that jobs should be redesigned so that intrinsic

satisfaction is derived from doing the job.
characteristics of job enrichment

1.Direct feedback

2.Client relationship

3.New learning

4.Unique experience

5.Control over resources

6.Direct communication authority

7.Personal accountability
Measures to be taken by the organization to enrich
the job:

1.Sufficient freedom to be given to the employees

2.Increase responsibility

3.Encourage participation

4.Provide feedback to employees

5.Adequate benefits to be given to employees

6.Adequate welfare measures should be provided

Advantages of job enrichment

1.Makes job interesting

2.Reduces rate of employee turn over and absenteeism

3.Motivates intrinsically

4.skills of workers are increased

5.Adds to the creativeness of employees

Limitations

1.Limited to unskilled and semiskilled workers only

2.Costly affair

3.Employees may feel bores after sometime

Job Enlargement

Job enlargement refers to adding a few more task elements

horizontally.
Advantages of job enlargement

1.Variety of tasks

2.Enlarged and meaningful work modules

3.Optimum utilization of abilities

4.Worker paced control

5.Meaningful feedback

Disadvantages of job enlargement

1.Costly affair

2.Productivity may fall

3.Some jobs may still be routine and boring

4.Workers will ask for more pay

Job rotation

It involves shifting of employees from one job to another in order

to provide some variety when an activity is no longer challenging,
the employee could be rotated to another job, at the same
level, with the same skill requirement.
Advantages

1.Reduces boredom

2.Broadens the range of experience

3.Employees become flexible, adaptable to changes

Disadvantages

1.Employees take time to adjust to a new set up

2.Training costs are increased

3.No appreciable change in employee satisfaction