MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT

GOALS

A United Nations Development

Programme Campaign
What are millennium development
goals?
 The millennium development goals
(MDGs) are the eight international
development goals ranging from halving
extreme poverty to halting the spread of
HIV-AIDS and providing primary
education put by United Nation
Development Programme. All 192 nations
and at least 23 international organization
have agreed to work towards achieving
these goals by all goals by 2015 in all the
nations.
THE EIGHT DEVELOPMENT GOALS
 End poverty and
Hunger
 Universal Education
 Gender Equality
 Child Health
 Maternal health
 Combat HIV/AIDS
 Environment
sustainability
 Global Partnership
 GOAL 8
COMBAT HIV-AIDS
TARGET
 The target 6A and 6B of the 8 MDGs talk of combating HIV-AIDS

 It aims to halt it by 2015 and start its reverse spread.

 GOAL 6:
Target 6A:
 Halt HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24

 condom use at last high risk sex

 proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive

correct knowledge of HIV-AIDS

Target 6B:
Achieve by 2010,universal access to treatment for HIV-AIDS for all
those who need it.

 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with universal

access antiretroviral drugs.
CURRENT SCENARIO
 More than 25 million have died of HIV-AIDS since
1981
 Acc to UNAIDS, around31.3 million adults and 2.1
million children are living with HIV
 Africa is the worst affected in the world with over
14 million AIDS orphans
 At the end of 2008,women accounted for 50% of
all adults living with HIV worldwide.
 In developing and transitional countries,9.5
million people are in immediate need of life saving
drugs; of these only 4 million(42%) are receiving
drugs.
WORLD STATISTICS OF HIV-AIDS
 REGIONAL HIV AND AIDS
STATISTICS
Adults & children Adult Adult & child
Adults & children
newly infected with prevalence deaths due to
living with HIV
HIV (15‒49) [%] AIDS
22.0 million 1.9 million 5.0% 1.5 million
Sub-Saharan Africa [4.6% –
[20.5 – 23.6 million] [1.6 – 2.1 million] [1.3 – 1.7 million]
5.4%]
380 000 40 000 0.3% 27 000
Middle East & North Africa [0.2% –
[280 000 – 510 000] [20 000 – 66 000] [20 000 – 35 000]
0.4%]
4.2 million 330 000 0.3% 340 000
South and South-East Asia [0.2% –
[3.5 – 5.3 million] [150 000 – 590 000] [230 000 – 450 000]
0.4%]
740 000 52 000 0.1% 40 000
East Asia [<0.1% –
[480 000 – 1.1 million] [29 000 – 84 000] [24 000 – 63 000]
0.2%]
1.7 million 140 000 0.5% 63 000
Latin America [0.4% –
[1.5 – 2.1 million] [88 000 – 190 000] [49 000 – 98 000]
0.6%]
230 000 20 000 1.1% 14 000
Caribbean [1.0% –
[210 000 – 270 000] [16 000 – 25 000] [11 000 – 16 000]
1.2%]
Eastern Europe & Central 1.5 million 110 000 0.8% 58 000
Asia [0.6% –
[1.1 – 1.9 million] [67 000 – 180 000] [41 000 – 88 000]
1.1%]
730 000 27 000 0.3% 8000
Western & Central Europe [0.2% –
[580 000 – 1.0 million] [14000 – 49 000] [4800 – 17 000]
0.4%]
1.2 million 54 000 0.6% 23 000
North America [0.4% –
[760 000 – 2.0 million] [9600 – 130 000] [9100 – 55 000]
1.0%]
74 000 13 000 0.4% 1000
Oceania [0.3% –
[66 000 – 93 000] [ 12 000 – 15 000] [<1000 – 1400]
0.5%]
33 million 2.7 million 0.8% 2.0 million
TOTAL [0.7% -
[30 – 36 million] [2.2 – 3.2 million] [1.8 – 2.3 million]
0.9%]
The ranges around the estimates in this table define the boundaries within which the actual numbers lie, based on the best available
information.
CHALLENGES
 Combat the discrimination and stigma
that comes attached with the disease.
 Educate the people about safe sex
practices.
 Generate fund for the poor nations to
achieve universal access to treatment
and encourage prevention
programmes.
GENDER PERSPECTIVE TO THE
COMBAT
o Women are physiologically more
vulnerable to HIV infection.
o Sexual subjugation prevents women from
challenging the notions of female
inferiority and social structures which
keep them vulnerable.
o Low social status and economis
dependence prevent many women frfom
controlling their own risk.
o As soceity’s traditional care-givers,
women carry the main psychosocial and
physical burden of AIDS concern
AIDS and Global security
o Aids and global security co-exist in a
vicious cycle
o Civil and international conflicts can
expand the spread of HIV AIDS and
vice versa it contributes the global
insecurity.
o Influenced by factors like population
mobility, existing prevalence of HIV
and level of sexual interaction.
AFRICA-”Aids now kill more people in
Africa than armed conflicts on continent
combined” –Bill Clinton
 Africa is the country most affected by HIV-AIDS.
 Being a under-developed country it needs
massive global funding to tackle the magnitude of
the epidemic.
 It has put aside 15% of the national budget to
fight infectious diseases spread in the country.
But the aid amounts for just 10% of the needed
fund.
 Include people living with AIDS in national policy
making on AIDS and recognize their leadership
goals.
 One of the major reasons for spread of virus
among women is high level of sexual abuse
against women in South Africa.
INDIA
 India has a low prevalence of
0.34%.Yet in terms of individuals
infected it is home to third largest
number of people living with HIV in the
world.

 In India government has set up

NACO(National Aids Control
Organization) to combat the spread of
HIV
THE FOUR P’s:
 The global and country level response to
HIV is based on a comprehensive
approach that includes the following 4
strategic elements, or the four P’s:
 Preventing HIV transmission women living
with HIV to their infants
 Primary prevention of HIV infection
among couples of child bearing age.
 Preventing unintended pregnancies
among women living with HIV.
 Providing appropriate protection to
children affected by HIV and their
families.
NACO (National Aids Control
Organization)
VISION:
 Building an integrated response by reaching out
to diverse population.
 A NACO Programme that is firmly rooted evidence
based planning.
 Achievement of development objective.
 Regular dissemination of transparent estimates
on the spread and prevalence of HIV-AIDS
 Building an India where every person is safe from
HIV.
 Building partnerships.
CHALLENGES FOR UN:
 Policymakers and program planners must tailor their
response to the behavior that are spreading the epidemic
like drug injection, commercial sex etc.

 Services that directly reduce the risk of HIV transmission

are essential. Programs beyond leaflets and banners to
providing access to condoms, lubricants, clean needles,
and screening and treatment of sexually transmitted
infections.

 While it is not necessary to provide these services to

everyone, the services should be available to the great
majority of the population engaging in high risk behavior.

 One of the major challenges is to fight the stigma and

discrimination against patients around the world.
METHODS TO INCREASE
AWARENESS
 Massive scale of counselling and
testing services
 Promote blood safety during
transmission. Address various issues
related to blood collection, storage,
distribution and supply.
 Encourage practice of safe sex and use
of condoms to prevent infection.
 Providing care, support and treatment
to the infected.
STEPS THAT NEED TO BE TAKEN:
 Global aid from developed countries needs to increase for better
availability of treatment in developing country.

 Many young people still lack knowledge to protect themselves

from HIV

 Empowering women through AIDS education is indeed possible,

as number of countries have shown.

 In Sub-Sahara Africa, knowledge of HIV increases with wealth

and among those living in urban areas

 Use of condom needs to gain acceptance around the world.

 Transmission of virus from mother to children

 End the stigmatization and encourage people to talk about AIDS.

MEDIA COVERAGE
 Respond with certain insensitivity to HIV AIDS.
 NO focus on the real issue and coverage of
stale government statements.
 Limited understanding of the infection and its
effects and effort to ignore the issue.
 More of sensationalism.
 Need for minutest details and careful coverage
so that no damage is done to the individuals by
increasing stigma.
 Need to break taboos and pushing boundaries
of discussion on sex.
FILMS AND MEDIA
 Mainstream films on this issue are
Phir Milenge, My Brother Nikhil.