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WCDMA / UMTS
Wireless Network
1
Outline
Evolution from 2G to 3G
WCDMA / UMTS Architecture
Air Interface (WCDMA)
Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
Core Network
Additional Briefs
Radio Network Planning Issues
High Speed Data Packet Access
WCDMA vs Ccdma2000
2
Outline
Performance Evaluation
cdma2000
3
Evolution : From 2G to 3G
5
Standardization of WCDMA / UMTS
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
Role: Create 3G Specifications and Reports
GSM
Source : Overview of UMTS, Guoyou He, Telecommunication Software and Multimedia Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology
6
Standardization of WCDMA / UMTS
Introduction of GPRS / E-GPRS
Source : Overview of UMTS, Guoyou He, Telecommunication Software and Multimedia Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology
7
Standardization of WCDMA / UMTS
3GPP Release 4
Source : Overview of UMTS, Guoyou He, Telecommunication Software and Multimedia Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology
8
Standardization of WCDMA / UMTS
WCDMA Air Interface, Main Parameters
Evolution from 2G to 3G
WCDMA / UMTS Architecture
Air Interface (WCDMA)
Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
Core Network
Additional Briefs
Radio Network Planning Issues
High Speed Data Packet Access
WCDMA vs Ccdma2000
10
UMTS System Architecture
Uu Iu
Node B MSC/
GMSC
RNC VLR
External Networks
Node B
USIM
Cu Iur
Iub HLR
ME
Node B
RNC SGSN GGSN
Node B
UE UTRAN CN
11
UMTS Bearer Services
UMTS
CN Iu CN
TE MT UTRAN EDGE Gateway TE
NODE
End-to-End Service
UTRA
Physical Bearer
FDD/TDD
Service
Service
12
UMTS QoS Classes
13
UMTS In Detail
Uu Iu
Node B MSC/
GMSC
RNC VLR
External Networks
Node B
USIM
Cu Iur
Iub HLR
ME
Node B
RNC SGSN GGSN
Node B
UE UTRAN CN
14
WCDMA Air Interface UE UTRAN CN
Spreading
f f Code
User 1 Wideband
Despreading Gain
Spreading f f
Received Narrowband
f f
User N Wideband ⇒ Frequency Reuse Factor = 1
Spreading : 256
f f
t User 1 Wideband
Wideband
Spreading : 16
t f f
Narrowband User 2 Wideband
FACH 1 2 1 3
RACH P 3 P
3
1
1
CPCH P
P 2
1
1 2
18
WCDMA Air Interface UE UTRAN CN
DCH (User 1)
DCH (User 2)
DSCH 1 2 1 1 1 2
3 2 3 2 3
19
WCDMA Air Interface UE UTRAN CN
Summary
FACH 1 2 1 3
RACH P 3 P
3
1
1
CPCH P
P 2
1
1 2
DCH (User 1)
DCH (User 2)
DSCH 1 2 1 1 1 2
3 2 3 2 3
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UTRAN UE UTRAN CN
Uu Iu
Node B MSC/
GMSC
RNC VLR
External Networks
Node B
USIM
Cu Iur
Iub HLR
ME
Node B
RNC SGSN GGSN
Node B
UE UTRAN CN
21
UTRAN UE UTRAN CN
UTRAN
22
UTRAN UE UTRAN CN
Uu Iu
Node B MSC/
GMSC
RNC VLR
External Networks
Node B
USIM
Cu Iur
Iub HLR
ME
Node B
RNC SGSN GGSN
Node B
UE UTRAN CN
25
Core Network UE UTRAN CN
External Networks
Iu HLR
SGSN GGSN
CN
26
Core Network UE UTRAN CN
External Networks
Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)
Switching CS transactions
PS Domain :
Register :
Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Home Location Register (HLR)
Similar function as MSC/VLR Stores master copies of users
service profiles
Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) Stores UE location on the level of
Similar function as GMSC MSC/VLR/SGSN
27
Core Network UE UTRAN CN
Core Network, R5
28
Summary
• System Architecture, Bearer Services, QoS Classes
• WCDMA Air Interface : Spread Spectrum, Transport Channels
• UTRAN : Roles of RNCs and Node Bs
• Core Network : Roles of Different Components of R’99 and R5
Uu Iu
Node B MSC/
GMSC
RNC VLR
External Networks
Node B
USIM
Cu Iur
Iub HLR
ME
Node B
RNC SGSN GGSN
Node B
UE UTRAN CN
29
Radio Resources Management
Evolution from 2G to 3G
WCDMA / UMTS Architecture
Air Interface (WCDMA)
Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
Core Network
Additional Briefs
Radio Network Planning Issues
High Speed Data Packet Access
WCDMA vs cdma2000
30
Radio Resources Management
Network Based Functions
Source : Lecture Notes of S-72.238 Wideband CDMA systems, Communications Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology
31
Network Based Functions
Source : Lecture Notes of S-72.238 Wideband CDMA systems, Communications Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology
32
Connection Based Function
Power Control Outer Loop Power Control
If quality < target,
Prevent Excessive Interference and increases SIRTARGET
Near-far Effect
33
Connection Based Function
Handover
Softer Handover
Soft Handover
A Kind of Macrodiversity
34
Additional Briefs
Evolution from 2G to 3G
WCDMA / UMTS Architecture
Air Interface (WCDMA)
Radio Access Network (UTRAN)
Core Network
Additional Briefs
Radio Network Planning Issues
High Speed Data Packet Access
WCDMA vs cdma2000
35
Radio Network Planning Issues
Radio Link Power Budgets
Interference margin (loading) + Fast fading margin (power control
headroom) + Soft handover gain (macrodiversity)
Cell Coverage is obtained
Load Factor
Estimation of Supported Traffic per Base Station
Required SNR, Intracell Interference, Intercell Interference
Orthogonality of Channels
One of the example:
W R p 1
Capacity forward = + j
Eb N 0 dv ( 1 + s ) ( j + f + g ) ( 1 + h ) + m
W R p 1
Capacity reverse = + j ( 1 + h) − m
Eb N 0 dv ( j + f + g ) ( 1 + h )
Soft Capacity
CDMA has no definite capacity limit
Can always “borrow” capacity from other cell or decrease QoS
Other Issues
Network Sharing
Co-planning
Inter-operator Interference
36
HSDPA
High Speed Downlink Packet Access
37
WCDMA vs cdma2000
Adopted by Telecommunications Industry Association, backward compatible
with IS-95, lately moved to 3GPP2 (in contrast to 3GPP for WCDMA) as the
CDMA MultiCarrier member of the IMT-2000 family of standard
Chip Rates 3.84Mcps 3.6864Mcps (1.2288 Chip Rate alone does not determine
per carrier) system capacity
Frame Lengths 10ms 20ms for data, 5ms for Response and efficiency tradeoff
control
Power Control Rate 1.5kHz 800Hz Higher gives better link performance
38
Wrap Up and Key References
What we have been talked about
2G to 3G Evolution
Key References
WCDMA for UMTS, Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications, 2nd
Ed., Edited by Harri Holma and Antti Toskala
39