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˜ A bone is the hardest tissues in the body
˜ Bones are adapted in shape and size of their
particular functions in the body
˜ Bone consists of fluid filled with lacunae, collagen
fibers, blood vessels, nerves, and fat deposits.
˜ Bones grows to provide for the increase in size and
strength of the body
˜ Bone are made up of cartilage, tendons, and
ligaments.
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˜ iard outer layer of bones

˜ This bones main function is to

*support the whole body


*protects organ
*provide levers for movement
* store and releases chemical elements mainly calcium.
˜ Its called dense bone
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˜ |oft inner layer of bone

˜ sort of like a real sponge

˜ it has a higher surface area but is less dense

˜ softer

˜ weaker

˜ less stiff

˜ Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently


contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis occurs,
the production of blood cells
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Bones are characterized anatomically as:
˜ $" femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna and

radius.)
˜ "!$"carpals)

˜ #$" sternum,ribs and most skull bones)

˜ $" vertebrae and most skull bones)

˜ "" $"patella)

Î All these bone types, regardless of their anatomical

form, are composed of both spongy and compact bone.


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‰.LONG BONE|
˜ ias elongated shaft and two expanded
ends one on either side of the shaft.
˜ |haft is known as diaphysis and the ends
are called epiphyses
˜ Normally the epiphyses are smooth and
articular.
˜ The shaft has a central medullary cavity
where lies the bone marrow
˜ Made up mostly of compact bone located
within the medullary cavity, and spongy
bone.
˜ Examples: fingers and toes
.|iORT BONE|
˜ These bones are short in posture

and can be of any shape.


˜ Most of them are named
according to their shape.
˜ iave only a thin layer of
compact bone surrounding a
spongy interior
˜ Example :the wrist and ankle
]. FLAT BONE|
˜ Flat bones are thin and
generally curved
˜ These bones are flat in
appearance and have two
prominent surfaces.
˜ two parallel layers of compact
bones sandwiching a layer of
spongy bone
˜ Examples: scapula, ribs,
sternum.
V. IRREGULAR BONE|
˜ The shape of these bones is
completely irregular and
shape are unidentify
˜ They consist of thin layers of

compact bone surrounding a


spongy interior
˜ Examples :vertebrae, hip

bone and bones in the base


of skull.
m.|E|AMOID BONE|
˜ These are not like the other
types of bones because they
are in the form of nodules
embedded in tendons and
joint capsules.
˜ Examples: patella
DIVI|ION OF | ELETON

˜ |keleton are divided into  parts that·s :

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˜ Flat bones: ilium & pubic


˜ Irregular bone : ishium
LOWER LIMB|
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LONG BONE| ÕFemur
ÕTibia
ÕFibula
|iORT BONE| ÕTarsals
ÕMetatarsals
Õuhalanges
|E|AMOID Õuatellaknee
BONE cap)
CONCLU|ION
˜ As conclusion, the skeletal system provides support
and protection.Without a skeletal system,we would
have very little shape.
˜ We wouldn·t be able to move much either,because
most muscles act on bone to produce
movement,often pulling on the bones with
considerable force.
˜ iuman bones very strong & can resist tremendous
bending &compression forces without breaking.
ANY QUE|TION??

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