Emotions Prince Dudhatra 9724949948

Chapter EIGHT
Emotions
and
Moods
prince dudhatra-9724949948
Emotions
Emotions -- Why
Why Emotions
Emotions Were
Were Ignored
Ignored in
in OB
OB
 The “myth of rationality”
– Organizations are not emotion-free.
 Emotions of any kind are disruptive to
organizations.
– Original OB focus was solely on the effects of strong
negative emotions that interfered with individual and
organizational efficiency.
What
What Are
Are Emotions?
Emotions?
Affect
Affect
AAbroad
broadrange
rangeof
ofemotions
emotions
that
that people
peopleexperience.
experience.
Emotions
Emotions Moods
Moods
Intense
Intensefeelings
feelingsthat
thatare
are Feelings
Feelingsthat
thattend
tendtotobe
be
directed
directedat
atsomeone
someoneor or less
lessintense
intensethan
than
something.
something. emotions
emotionsandandthat
thatlack
lackaa
contextual
contextualstimulus.
stimulus.
Emotion
Emotion Dimensions
Dimensions
 Biology of emotions
– Originate in brain’s limbic system
 Intensity of emotions
– Personality
– Job Requirements
 Frequency and duration of emotions
– How often emotions are exhibited
– How long emotions are displayed
 Functions of emotions
– Critical for rational thinking
– Motivate people
Mood as Positive and Negative Affect
SOURCES
SOURCES OF
OF EMOTIONS
EMOTIONS AND
AND MOODS
MOODS
 Personality
 Day and Time of the Week
 NOT Weather
 Stress
 Social Activities
 Sleep
 Exercise
 Age
 Gender
Positive Moods are
Highest
• At the End of
the Week
• In the Middle
Part of the Day
Negative Moods are

Highest
• At the Beginning
of the Week
And, show little
variation throughout
the day
Gender
Gender and
and Emotions
Emotions
 Women
– Can show greater emotional expression.
– Experience emotions more intensely.
– Display emotions more frequently.
– Are more comfortable in expressing emotions.
– Are better at reading others’ emotions.
 Men
– Believe that displaying emotions is inconsistent with
the male image.
– Are innately less able to read and to identify with
others’ emotions.
– Have less need to seek social approval by showing
positive emotions.
External
External Constraints
Constraints on
on Emotions
Emotions
Organizational
Organizational Cultural
Cultural
Influences
Influences Influences
Influences
Individual
Individual
Emotions
Emotions
Emotional
Emotional Labor
Labor
Emotional Labor
A situation in which an employee expresses
organizationally desired emotions during
interpersonal transactions.
Felt
Felt versus
versus Displayed
Displayed Emotions
Emotions
Felt Emotions
An individual’s actual emotions.
Displayed Emotions
Emotions that are organizationally
required and considered appropriate
in a given job.
Note: Higher
emotional labor =
more highly paid
jobs (with high
cognitive
requirements)
•Internals (Internal locus of control)

Individuals who believe that they
control what happens to them.
Affective
Affective Events
Events Theory
Theory (AET)
(AET)
 Emotions are negative or positive responses to a work
environment event.
– Personality and mood determine the intensity of the
emotional response.
– Emotions can influence a broad range of work performance
and job satisfaction variables.
 Implications of the theory:
– Individual response reflects emotions and mood cycles.
– Current and past emotions affect job satisfaction.
– Emotional fluctuations create variations in job satisfaction
and performance.
– Both negative and positive emotions can distract workers
and reduce job performance.
Affective
Affective Events
Events Theory
Theory (AET)
(AET)
Source: Based on N.M. Ashkanasy and C.S. Daus, “Emotion in the Workplace: The New E X H I B I T 8–6
Challenge for Managers,” Academy of Management Executive, February 2002, p. 77.
E X H I B I T 8–6
Emotional
Emotional Intelligence
Intelligence
 Self-awareness (know how you feel)

 Self-management (manage your emotions and
impulses)
 Self-motivation (can motivate yourself & persist)
 Empathy (sense & understand what others feel)
 Social Skills (can handle the emotions of others)
Research Findings: High EI scores,

not high IQ scores, characterize high
performers.
OB
OB Applications
Applications of
of Understanding
Understanding Emotions
Emotions
 Emotions and Selection
– Emotions affect employee effectiveness.
 Decision Making
– Emotions are an important part of the decision-making
process in organizations.
 Creativity
– Positive mood increases creativity
 Motivation
– Emotional commitment to work and high motivation
are strongly linked.
 Leadership
– Emotions are important to acceptance of messages
from organizational leaders.
OB
OB Applications…
Applications… (cont’d)
(cont’d)
 Interpersonal Conflict
– Conflict in the workplace and individual emotions are strongly
intertwined.
 Negotiation
– Emotions can impair negotiations.
 Customer Services
– Emotions affect service quality delivered to customers which, in
turn, affects customer relationships.
 Job Attitudes
– Can carry over to home
 Deviant Workplace Behaviors
– Negative emotions lead to employee deviance (actions that
violate norms and threaten the organization).
• Productivity failures
• Property theft and destruction
• Political actions
• Personal aggression
Chapter Check-Up: Emotions
and Moods
Lucy has a high need for achievement

and likes to come to work and focus on
her job only. If you were Lucy’s
manager, how could you get her to feel
more emotion at work? Would you
want her to? Why or why not? Discuss
with a classmate.
and Moods
Discuss with your neighbor how

low positive affect is the same or
different as high negative affect.
and Moods
Roberto comes to class and sits quietly
looking content and relaxed. The
teacher is guessing that Roberto is
Low on negative affect

High on positive affect
High on negative affect
Low on positive affect
Discuss with a neighbor why Roberto, who

is seemingly happy but calm, isn’t just low
on positive affect.
and Moods
Do you think there could be emotional and

mood implications for telecommuting? If yes,
how so? Discuss with a classmate.
Hint: Consider this

woman!
Why might she

NOT always
feel this way?

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Chapter EIGHT

Negative Moods are

•Internals (Internal locus of control)

 Self-awareness (know how you feel)

Research Findings: High EI scores,

Lucy has a high need for achievement

Discuss with your neighbor how

Low on negative affect

Discuss with a neighbor why Roberto, who

Do you think there could be emotional and

Hint: Consider this

Why might she

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