Oracle Applications 11i

Part 1
Oracle Applications 11i

- Workflow Introduction
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Agenda
 Overview & Introduction to Workflow
 Develop Workflow using PL/SQL functions, APIs
 Directory Services & Workflow Administration
Oracle Workflow 2
Objectives
At the end of this session participants will be proficient in the
following areas of Oracle Workflow:
 Architecture, Features and Benefits of using the Oracle
Workflow in a business environment
 Creating & Customizing Workflows with PL/SQL functions &
APIs.
 Modifying the Workflow to implement Directory Services &
administering the workflow by changing its setups.
Oracle Workflow 3
Content
 Agenda
 Objectives
 Contents
 Architecture of Oracle Workflow
 Defining & Implementing for a Business Processes
 Features & Benefits of Oracle Workflow
 Components of Oracle Workflow
 Workflow Concepts & Terminology
 Using Oracle Workflow Builder
 Designing Workflow Process & Sub-process
 Using Quick Start Wizard
 Conclusion
 Exercises
 Quiz
Oracle Workflow 4
What is Workflow?
 Various tasks you perform throughout the day are part of larger
tasks, that involve several steps and several people working
together.
 For example, when you enter an invoice, you are really kicking
off an approval and payment process: someone else reviews
and approves it, and a third person submits payment to the
vendor. The term ‘Workflow’ refers to this larger process.
 Almost all the business processes that are defined in Oracle
Applications involve workflow.
 Processes, that involve multiple users and the routing of data
between the users are termed as ‘Workflows’
Oracle Workflow 5
WF Examples
 Workflows not only help in automating the business processes
but also improve efficiencies, productivity and identify
bottlenecks in the systems for process re-engineering.
 Workflow typically eliminates the job tasks associated with

controlling paper flow, and frees people who once performed
clerical functions to do more meaningful work.
 When properly managed, workflow enables you to monitor the

work your organization is doing and how it is being done. It
facilitates continuous process improvement.
 You can also gauge how your underlying business is changing.

As changes occur, you are well positioned to respond promptly
and proactively implement new business processes.
Oracle Workflow 6
Workflow is Essential
Workflow enables continuous process improvement
 Complete process representation
 Crosses organizational, company boundaries
 Build in management metrics, performance goals
 Adaptable workflow processes

 Provides alternatives
 Allows for refinement
 Analyze time and costs of entire processes with

multidimensional analysis
 Reducing costs and time
Oracle Workflow 7
Designing Business Processes for Change
 Business processes will change
 No artificial constraints on the business process
 Enabling dynamic processes sympathetic to change
 Change business processes without changing code (reduced
cost of ownership)
 Requires visual overview of business processes

 You can only fix what you can see
 Visual documentation of the business process
Oracle Workflow 8
WF Examples
 Simple WF can be like a Leave request approval, Training
enrollment to complex WF, can automatically approve of
purchase requisition, creation and approval of Purchase orders,
defaulting account of numbers in various expense, asset,
variance accounts.
Oracle Workflow 9
Workflow Components
 Workflow typically consist of 4 R’s
 Rules
 Roles
 Routings
 Real Time
Oracle Workflow 10
Workflow Components -Rules
 Rules are your company's business practices captured in
software.
 Rules determine what activities are required to process your

business data. Our training example includes a rule that says
department managers must approve all requests for external
classes. Say in Purchase requisition more than $1000
expenditure will require CFO approval.
 Rules are implemented through Functions ( written in PL/SQL

Procedures or external programs ) in Oracle Workflow
Oracle Workflow 11
Work Flow Components : Roles
 Roles describe how people fit into the workflow.
 A role is a class of users who perform the same type of work,

such as clerks or managers.
 Your business rules typically specify what user role needs to do
a specific activity.
 An example rule says all requisition should be approved by a
Supervisor (a role).
 In Oracle Applications’ Responsibility is same as Role in this
context.
 Roles allow work to be directed to Types of people than
individuals, hence allow flexible and easier to maintain
Workflows.
Oracle Workflow 12
Work Flow Components : Routings
 Routings connect the activities in the workflow. They are the
system's means of moving information from one place to
another, from one step to the next.
 Routings specify where the information goes and what form it

takes—based on results at decision point or responses to email
message or completion of activity.
 Routings bring the flow into workflow.
 The network of routings creates a business process from what

used to be isolated activities.
 They get the right information to the right people at the right
time, enabling users to work together to accomplish the
company's goals.
Oracle Workflow 13
WF : Routing the information
 WF gets the right information to the right people
 WF lets you provide each person with all the information they
need to take any action.
 WF can route supporting information to each decision maker in

a business process.
Oracle Workflow 14
Work Flow Components : Real Time
 Every Activity has certain time constraints that should be
satisfied to achieve desired results of a business process.
 Any form of delay can create business issues.
 Real Time means Workflow should be able to escalate to next

level, action or role in case a certain activity is not executed in
specific time, eg. if the Department Manager doesn’t approve or
reject the leave request within 48 hrs then it should be
escalated to VP-HR.
 Or say if a service request is not worked/responded by an

engineer within Service Level Agreement time limit then it
should be moved to Area Manager.
Oracle Workflow 15
More on Workflow ?
 Business processes revolve around routing information to
various users through a set of constantly changing rules.
 The flow of information is governed by various conditions,

checking for outcome of the previous steps.
 Integrated through access via Web browser and widely used

email systems, allows attachments and URLs
 An established process of routing will be subject to continuous

monitoring and routing
 Each organization follows a different set of business practices.
Oracle Workflow 16
Oracle Workflow Version 2.6
Oracle Workflow 17
What’s Oracle Workflow?
 Oracle Workflow automates and streamlines the business
processes contained within and between enterprises:
 Approve standard business documents
 Step through daily transaction flows
 Implements various decision rules and outings in complex
business scenarios
 A graphical tool that allows you to CREATE, TRACK and MODIFY

business processes
 Embedded in the Oracle Database Server, it can monitor the

workflow activity statuses.
Oracle Workflow 18
What can Oracle Workflow do?
 Routes information to various users based on certain rules.
 Tracks the responses from the users and accordingly acts on it.
 Enables people to receive E-Mail notifications
 Allows incorporation of custom packages and procedures
 E-Mail integration of choice.
 Internet enabled workflow allows you to view Workflow

notifications through any Internet browser.
 One can also monitor the processes through a browser.

Oracle Workflow 19
Define your Business Processes
 WF allows you to define and modify the business processes
using a drag-and-drop process designer.
 Routes documents from one user to another in an approval

hierarchy.
 Advanced processes like looping, parallel flows, response

tracking, branching into sub-processes based on responses are
also possible.
 Since it is integrated with Oracle Database, it can make full use

of PL/SQL to express any business rule.
Oracle Workflow 20
Why use Oracle Workflow?
 Create a clear business process definition
 Automate the business routings
 Monitor the processes
 Allow users to define their own business processes to suit their
organizational needs
 Readily change the business process definitions in case of a
change in business processes.
 Oracle Workflow is stored in the Oracle database.
 It can be as standalone and executed through web interface
utilities or Embedded in Applications ( Oracle Apps) as part of a
large complex process like PO Approval or Order Processing
cycle.
Oracle Workflow 21
Components of Oracle Workflow
 Workflow Builder
 Workflow Engine
 Workflow Definitions Loader
 Notification Systems
 Notification Worklist
 Workflow Monitor
 Business Event System
 Workflow XML Loader
 Directory Services
Oracle Workflow 22
Workflow Architecture
Web Directory Services Workflow
Notification XML Loader
Worklist Advanced Users Roles
Queuing
Workflow
Web Oracle Builder
Monitor HTTP Business Workflow
Server Event System Engine
Workflow
Definitions
Web Loader
Analysis Notification
Tools System
Workflow
Definition
Mail Files
Notification
Applications Oracle Workflow Enabled Application
Mailer
End-User Application Workflow

Client Server Oracle Server Development
Client
Oracle Workflow 23
What’s a Workflow Builder?
 Work Flow builder is a Graphical interface to create and modify
a business process with simple drag and drop operations.
 It has two components -

 Navigator Window
 Process Window
 A workflow builder would be used by a person to design and

modify a workflow. It is more of a designer’s tool rather than
an end-user’s tool.
Oracle Workflow 24
What can a Workflow Builder do?
 Using the Workflow Builder, one can create and modify all
workflow objects, including activities, item types, and
messages.
 At any time you can add, remove, or change workflow activities,
or set up new pre-requisite relationships among activities.
 A navigation tree structure allows summary view as also allows
expanding activities within the workflow as needed to greater
levels of detail.
 Oracle Workflow Builder can be used from a desktop PC or
from a disconnected laptop PC.
Oracle Workflow 25
How does Workflow Builder appear?
Object Navigator Window
Oracle Workflow 26
Process Diagram Window
Supported Process Constructs
 Looping
 Results-based branching
 Parallel flows
 Rendezvous
Oracle Workflow 27
Supported Process Constructs
 Timeouts
 Escalation
 Automatic forwarding
 Subprocesses (unlimited hierarchy)
Oracle Workflow 28
What’s a Workflow Engine?
 The Workflow Engine embedded in the Oracle8 server, monitors
workflow states and coordinates the routing of activities for a
process.
 Changes in workflow state, such as the completion of workflow

activities, are signaled to the engine via a PL/SQL API or a Java
API.
 Based on flexibility–defined workflow rules, the engine

determines which activities are eligible to run, and then runs
them.
 The Workflow Engine supports sophisticated workflow rules,

including looping, branching,parallel flows, and sub-flows.
Oracle Workflow 29
Workflow Definitions Loader
 The Workflow Definitions Loader is a utility program that moves
workflow definitions between database and corresponding flat
file representations.
 Can be used to move workflow definitions

 From a development to a production database
 To apply upgrades to existing definitions.
 Workflow Definitions Loader is also integrated into Oracle

Workflow Builder
 It allows opening and saving workflow definitions in both a

database and file.
Oracle Workflow 30
Workflow Definitions Loader
Workflow
Builder
Workflow Workflow
Loader Engine
Workflow
Loader
Proc
ess Oracle 8 or higher
Process
Defin
Definition
itions
Oracle Workflow 31
Notification Systems (1 of 2)
 Oracle Workflow lets you include users in your workflows to

handle activities that cannot be automated, such as approvals
for requisitions or sales orders.
 Electronic notifications are routed to a role, which can be an

individual user or a group of users. Any user associated with
that role can act on the notification.
 Each notification includes a message that contains all the

information a user needs to make a decision.
Oracle Workflow 32
Notification Systems (2 of 2)
 The information may be embedded in the message body or

attached as a separate document.
 Oracle Workflow interprets each notification activity response to

decide how to move on to the next workflow activity.
 Web users can access a Notification Web page to see their

outstanding work items, then navigate to additional pages to
see more details or provide a response.
Oracle Workflow 33
Viewing Notifications
Oracle Workflow 34
Viewing a Notification
Oracle Workflow 35
What’s a Workflow Monitor?
 The Workflow Monitor displays an annotated view of the
process diagram for a particular instance of a workflow process.
 Users can get a graphical depiction of their work item status.
 It also displays a separate status summary for the work item,

the process and each activity in the process.
Oracle Workflow 36
Viewing Workflow Diagrams
Oracle Workflow 37
Workflow Process Components
Oracle Workflow 38
Oracle Workflow 39
Oracle Workflow Builder
Oracle Workflow 40
What does a Workflow comprise of?
 Item Type
 A grouping of workflow components. All components of a
workflow process must be associated with a specific item
type.
 A grouping of all items of a category that share the same set
of attributes
 For e.g.: PO Requisition is an Item Type used to group all
PO requisitions created. It is like defining a Class in Java
 Item Type simply represents various processes put together
to complete a business process
Oracle Workflow 41
What does a Workflow comprise of?
 Item
 A specific process or transaction managed by WF process
( Item Type). Like instance of a class is Object. A specific run
of Leave Request Process will be referred to as Item. Each PO
approved through PO Approval Process will be an Item.
 Attributes
 These are the various input or output variables that are
needed by the business process
 Text, Number, Date, URL, Role, Attribute, Document, Lookup,
Form are some of the attribute types.
 Form type attribute is relevant only for the version of Oracle
Workflow embedded in Oracle Applications.
 Lookup Type: List of values ( ie. Lookup codes) that can be
referenced by any component or Attribute.
Oracle Workflow 42
General Workflow Terminology
 Activities
 An activity is a unit of work that contributes toward the
accomplishment of a process. An activity can be a
notification, a function, an event, or a process.
 Activities are the actions performed during the business
process
 Function Activity: Automated unit of work defined as a
PL/SQL stored procedure.
 Notification Activity: Activity that sends a message to a
performer.
 Node
 An instance of an activity in a process diagram.
Oracle Workflow 43
 Notification
 An instance of a message delivered to a user
 Message:
 The message may request the performer, the role receiving
the message to do some work or may simply provide
information. Each notification carries a message with it which
is the actual text of the notification
 Performer
 A user/role assigned to perform a particular (human) activity.
Generally, assigned to a notification
 Role
 One or more users grouped by a common responsibility or
position
Oracle Workflow 44
 Lookup type
 A predefined list of values used to interact with users or
define the results of an activity
 Lookup Code
 An internal name of a value defined in lookup type
 Result Type
 The name of the lookup type that contains an activity’s
possible result values. Result Type requires Lookup Type to
identify result that can occur on completion of the activity.
Oracle Workflow 45
 Timeout
 The amount of time during which a notification activity must
be performed before the WF engine transitions to an
alternate activity (if defined) or error process.
 Transition
 The relationship between completion of one activity and
initialization of another activity. (Arrows)
 Persistence Type
Oracle Workflow 46
 Process Activity
 Process Activity: A process activity represents a collection of
activities in a specific relationship.
 When a process activity is contained in another process it is
called a sub-process. In other words, activities in a process
can also be processes themselves.
 There is no restriction on the depth of this hierarchy. Activity
contain suprocesses, notification and functions.
Oracle Workflow 47
Persistence Type
 Persistence Type : Permanent, Temporary and Synchronous
 When you define an item type, you must also specify its
persistence type. The persistence type controls how long a status
audit trail is maintained for each instance of the item type.
 If you set Persistence to Permanent, the runtime status
information is maintained indefinitely until you specifically purge
the information by calling the procedure WF_PURGE.TotalPerm( ).
 If you set an item type’s Persistence to Temporary, you must also
specify the number of days of persistence. The status audit trail
for each instance of a Temporary item type is maintained for at
least ’n’ days of persistence after its completion date. After the ’n’
days of persistence, you can then use any of the WF_PURGE APIs
to purge the item type’s runtime status information.
Oracle Workflow 48
General Terminology & Concepts
 Standard Activities
 Oracle Workflow provides some generic activities you can use to
control your process.
 The activities are associated with the Standard item type but can
be used within any process you define. The Standard item type
is automatically installed on your Oracle Workflow server.
 You can also access the Standard item type from the file
wfstd.wft
 START/END
 AND/OR Activities
 Comparison Activities ( Time, Numbers, Strings comparisons)
 WAIT Activity
 Block Activity
 Launch Process
Oracle Workflow 49
General Terminology and Concepts
 Workflow Roles : Oracle Workflow roles are stored in the
database, in the Oracle Workflow directory service.
 While creating WFs developer can load Roles from the database
by connecting to the database.
 Performer ( recipient) must be assigned to a Notification Node
activity. The performer can be a designated role or an item type
attribute that dynamically returns a role. To assign a performer
to a role, you must initially load the roles from your Oracle
Workflow database into your Oracle Workflow Builder session.
 Oracle Workflow Directory Services uses following views to
access the roles definition
 WF_USERS
 WF_ROLES
 WF_USER_ROLES
Oracle Workflow 50
 Access Level
 A numeric value ranging from 0 – 1000 defining at which
level the user operates and whether the user can modify the
workflow definition
 Protection Level
 A numeric value ranging from 0 – 1000 that represents who
the workflow definition is protected from for modification
 Access levels and Protection levels work in collaboration to
decide who can modify what in an Oracle Workflow.
 These concepts will be discussed in more depth in the later
parts of the session.
Oracle Workflow 51
Business Event
 An event activity represents a business event from the Business
Event System within a workflow process.
 Include event activities in workflow processes, to model

complex processing or routing logic for business events beyond
the standard event subscription options of running a function or
sending the event to a predefined agent.
 An event activity can either receive, raise, or send a business

event.
Oracle Workflow 52
Events
 A business event is an occurrence in an internet or intranet
application or program that might be significant to other objects
in a system or to external agents. For instance, the creation of a
purchase order is an example of a business event in a
purchasing application. You can define your significant events in
the Event Manager.
Oracle Workflow 53
Function activity
 A function activity is defined by the PL/SQL stored procedure or
an external program that it calls.
 Function activities are typically used to perform fully automated
steps in the process. As a PL/SQL stored procedure, a function
activity accepts standard arguments and can return a
completion result.
Oracle Workflow 54
Cost in Function Activity
 Cost in Function Activity
 Each function activity and event activity has a cost associated
with it.
 The cost is a value representing the number of seconds it
takes for the Workflow Engine to execute the activity. If you
do not know how long it takes for the Workflow Engine to
perform the activity, you can enter an estimated cost and
update it later as you accumulate more information about its
performance. Generally, you should assign complex, long
running activities a high cost.
 You can define your Workflow Engine to defer activities with
a cost higher than a designated threshold to a background
process.
 The default threshold for the Workflow Engine is 50
hundredths of a second. Activities with a cost higher than
this are deferred to background engines.
Oracle Workflow 55
Building a simple standalone Workflow
Project Status Notification Workflow
Oracle Workflow 56
Steps to build a Workflow
 Plan your business process
 Create the components of your workflow in the navigator

window using Quick Start Wizard.
 You can use the WFSTD item type for predefined components
like lookup types and functions.
 Create the process diagram by dragging the components into

the process window.
 Save and Launch your work flow
Oracle Workflow 57
Methods in designing a Workflow
 Top–Down Design
 If you prefer to approach your design from a high level, you
can first sketch out the process diagram with activities, then
go back later to create the supporting objects for each
activity
 Bottom–Up Design
 If you prefer to take a more programmatic approach to your
design, you can first define each of the supporting objects of
your process before attempting to create a higher level
process diagram.
Oracle Workflow 58
Designing a simple Workflow (1 of 2)
 Start Oracle Workflow Builder

 Workflow Builder Icon will exist in Oracle for Windows group
 Create a new workspace for your new process definition.

 Click on File->New to create a new workspace (Data Store)
 Create a new item type.

 This classifies the work item to be managed by your
process.
 Define item type attributes
Oracle Workflow 59
Designing a simple Workflow (2 of 2)
 Create new lookup types and assign lookup codes to them

 Create new messages.
 Create a new process activity, notification activity or function
activity.
 Diagram the process.
 Save your work by choosing Save or Save As from the File
menu.
 If you use any PL/SQL procedures in function activities, code
that procedure into the database.
 Refer to Exercise 1
Oracle Workflow 60
Testing your Workflow
 Oracle Workflow provides a web–based interface called Launch
Processes for you to test any workflow definition you define and
save to the database.
 Launch Process is accessible only to users belonging to the
Workflow Administrator role.
 Oracle Applications provides access to Launch Process menu to
Workflow Administrator responsibility.
Oracle Workflow 61
Testing your Workflow
 The Launch Processes page displays all the item type definitions
stored in the database except the Oracle Workflow seeded item
types: Wferror, Wfmail, and Wfstd.
 The internal name and description for each item type also
appears. Select the item type that owns the workflow process
definition you wish to test.
 Note: Workflow should be saved in the database before you can

select for launching
Oracle Workflow 62
Oracle Workflow 63
Oracle Workflow 64
 To initiate an instance of a workflow process, you need to specify:
 A unique item key for the process instance.
 A user–defined key that you want to use to identify the process.
 The name of the process to test.
 An optional process owner.
 Values for any item type attributes associated with the item type
of the process.
 The Workflow Monitor Activities List for your initiated process instance
appears. The Activities List displays the status of the activities that
have been executed. You can also select the View Diagram button to
display the status of the process graphically in the Workflow Monitor.
Oracle Workflow 65
Oracle Workflow 66
Oracle Workflow 67
Oracle Workflow 68
View and Respond to Notifications
Oracle Workflow 69
Workflow Definition Loader
 Rather than use the File Save or File Open menu options in
Oracle Workflow Builder, you can also run a program called
Workflow Definitions Loader to save or load process definitions
from a database or flat file.
 The Workflow Definitions Loader program is located on your
server in the bin subdirectory of the Oracle Workflow directory
structure.
 In Oracle Apps rather than use the Submit Requests form, you
can also run the Workflow Definitions Loader concurrent
program from the command line by entering the following
commands:
 To upgrade— WFLOAD apps/pwd 0 Y UPGRADE file.wft
 To upload— WFLOAD apps/pwd 0 Y UPLOAD file.wft
 To force— WFLOAD apps/pwd 0 Y FORCE file.wft
Oracle Workflow 70
 To apply a seed data upgrade to a database from an input file :
wfload <username/password@database> <input_file>
 To upload process definitions from an input file to a database,

type:
wfload –u <username/password@database> <input_file>
 The upload mode is useful to someone who is developing a

workflow process.
 To force an upload of the process definitions from an input file to a

database regardless of an object’s protection level, type:
wfload –f <username/password@database> <input_file>
Oracle Workflow 71
Conclusion
By now students would be knowing :
 The concepts of a Workflow
 Realized its advantage in automating and monitoring Business
Processes and the flexibility that it provides.
 Features of Oracle Workflow 2.6
 Components of Oracle Workflow
 Components of a Workflow
 General Workflow terminology
 Designing a Workflow using Quick-Start Wizard
Oracle Workflow 72
Exercises
 Scenario 1: Send a notification along with a message to the
client about the project status.
 Attributes:
 Project Code (Text), Project Completion Date (Date) &
Project Status(Text)
Oracle Workflow 73
Exercises
 Scenario 2: Show selection of employees for a particular project
based on skill set of required level. Create a Lookup type with
Oracle Apps and SAP as two transitions whereby different skill
sets are assigned to message texts.
 Attributes:
 Skill Set
 Message Text
Oracle Workflow 74
Quiz
Q1. What executes a workflow processes?
a) Workflow Builder
b) Workflow Monitor
c) Workflow Engine
d) All of the above
Q2. What is the tool to develop workflow process definitions?

a) Workflow Wizard
b) Workflow Engine
c) Workflow Builder
d) None of the above
Oracle Workflow 75
Quiz
Q3. What does Oracle use to deliver process-related messages to
the users?
a) Workflow Builder
b) Workflow Notification System
c) Workflow Engine
d) All of the above
Q4. How many attribute data types are available in a Workflow?

a) 8
b) 6
c) 10
Oracle Workflow 76
Quiz
Q5. What is the use of Lookup Types and Lookup Codes?
a) Make decision on the basis of activity
b) Create a link between two activities
c) Provides user with a List of Values
Q6. How many R’s are available in Oracle Workflow?

a) 3
b) 5
c) 4
Oracle Workflow 77
Quiz
Q7. What are the standard function activities required for any
Workflow?
a) Begin & End
b) First & Last
c) Start & End
Q8. What is the use of a Workflow Monitor?

a) Audit the Workflow
b) View the Result of the Workflow
c) Check the progress of the Workflow
d) All of the above
Oracle Workflow 78
Quiz
Q9. Why are function activities required ?
a) To perform an automated unit of work
b) To define a PL/SQL stored procedure
c) Follows Standard API method
d) All of the above
Q10. What is the use of a Workflow definition loader

a) Opening & Saving definitions in both database and file
b) Is tightly integrated into Oracle Workflow Builder
c) Contains Process Definitions
d) All of the above
Oracle Workflow 79
Quiz
Q11. What is a Process Activity in a Workflow?
a) Collection of various activities in a specific relationship
b) Can consist of multiple sub-processes
c) Depicts the Hierarchy of various activities & processes
d) All of the above
Q12. What does a Business Event comprise of?

a) Describe abstract datatypes
b) Define Events & Event Groups
c) Raise Events
d) All of the above
Oracle Workflow 80
Quiz
Q13. Process window is visible only if there is at least one process.
Oracle Workflow cannot be saved if no process exists in
Workflow definition?
a) True
b) False
Q14. Performer of a Notification is a required value that can be

dynamically set at run-time but should be set immediately when
workflow is started?
a) True
b) False
Oracle Workflow 81
Quiz
Q15. Workflow definition files can be saved in a readable file format?
a) True
b) False
Q16. Workflow monitor is a capability given to all users to ensure

that they can check the status of their workflows?
a) True
b) False
Oracle Workflow 82
Quiz
Q17. Notification will send mails to everyone associated to
responsibility that has been attached as performer in the
workflow. All the users must see it so that workflow can
proceed forward?
a) True
b) False
Q18. An Item is a specific process or transaction managed by WF

process. Item Type will always have same set of attributes?
a) True
b) False
Oracle Workflow 83
Quiz
Q19. For an activity to be initiated after completion of a previous
activity it requires a Transition to connect them?
a) True
b) False
Q20. For a user to respond to a notification, the message should

contain an Attribute of source called respond. ?
a) True
b) False
Oracle Workflow 84
Answers
The answers are :
 Q1. Answer C  Q11. Answer D
 Q2. Answer C  Q12. Answer D
 Q3. Answer B  Q13. Answer B
 Q4. Answer C  Q14. Answer B
 Q5. Answer A  Q15. Answer A
 Q8. Answer C  Q18. Answer A
 Q9. Answer D  Q19. Answer A
 Q10. Answer D  Q20. Answer A
Oracle Workflow 85

Oracle Applications 11i - Workflow Introduction

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Oracle Applications 11i - Workflow Introduction

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Part 1

 Workflow typically eliminates the job tasks associated with

 When properly managed, workflow enables you to monitor the

 You can also gauge how your underlying business is changing.

 Adaptable workflow processes

 Analyze time and costs of entire processes with

 Requires visual overview of business processes

 Rules determine what activities are required to process your

 Rules are implemented through Functions ( written in PL/SQL

 A role is a class of users who perform the same type of work,

 Routings specify where the information goes and what form it

 Routings bring the flow into workflow.

 The network of routings creates a business process from what

 WF can route supporting information to each decision maker in

 Any form of delay can create business issues.

 Real Time means Workflow should be able to escalate to next

 Or say if a service request is not worked/responded by an

 The flow of information is governed by various conditions,

 Integrated through access via Web browser and widely used

 An established process of routing will be subject to continuous

 Each organization follows a different set of business practices.

 A graphical tool that allows you to CREATE, TRACK and MODIFY

 Embedded in the Oracle Database Server, it can monitor the

 Enables people to receive E-Mail notifications

 Allows incorporation of custom packages and procedures

 E-Mail integration of choice.

 Internet enabled workflow allows you to view Workflow

 One can also monitor the processes through a browser.

 Routes documents from one user to another in an approval

 Advanced processes like looping, parallel flows, response

 Since it is integrated with Oracle Database, it can make full use

End-User Application Workflow

 It has two components -

 A workflow builder would be used by a person to design and

Object Navigator Window

 Subprocesses (unlimited hierarchy)

 Changes in workflow state, such as the completion of workflow

 Based on flexibility–defined workflow rules, the engine

 The Workflow Engine supports sophisticated workflow rules,

 Can be used to move workflow definitions

 Workflow Definitions Loader is also integrated into Oracle

 It allows opening and saving workflow definitions in both a

 Oracle Workflow lets you include users in your workflows to

 Electronic notifications are routed to a role, which can be an

 Each notification includes a message that contains all the

 The information may be embedded in the message body or

 Oracle Workflow interprets each notification activity response to

 Web users can access a Notification Web page to see their

 Users can get a graphical depiction of their work item status.

 It also displays a separate status summary for the work item,

 Include event activities in workflow processes, to model

 An event activity can either receive, raise, or send a business

 Create the components of your workflow in the navigator

 Create the process diagram by dragging the components into

 Save and Launch your work flow

 Start Oracle Workflow Builder

 Create a new workspace for your new process definition.

 Create a new item type.

 Define item type attributes

 Create new lookup types and assign lookup codes to them

 Note: Workflow should be saved in the database before you can

 To upload process definitions from an input file to a database,