AUGMENTED REALITY

SYSTEMS
Presented by-
Dhanashree D. Pund
T.E.I.T
ROLL NO.: 20
Guided by-
Prof. T. B. KUTE
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS IT?
 ARCHITECTURE
 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE
 HOW DOES IT WORK BASICALLY?
 FUNCTIONING
 TECHNOLOGY
 FEATURES
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 APPLICATION
 CONCLUSION
WHAT IS IT?
 A combination of
a real scene
viewed by a user
and a virtual
scene generated
by a computer
that augments
the scene with
additional
information
ARCHITECTURE
EXAMPLE:
 HARDWARE
The main hardware components for
augmented reality are:
display,tracking,input devices, sensors and
processor. These elements, specifically
CPU, camera, display, accelerometer,Global
Positioning System (GPS) and solid state
compass are often present in modern
smartphones, which make them
prospective AR platforms.
DISPLAY
There are three major display
techniques for Augmented Reality are
Monitor based, Head–Mounted
displays, Handheld displays.
MONITOR BASED DISPLAY
HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY
 A Head Mounted Display (HMD) places
images of both the physical world and
registered virtual graphical objects over the
user's view of the world. The HMD's are
either optical see–through or video see–
through.
 The HMD must be tracked with sensor that
provides six degrees of freedom . This
tracking allows the system to align virtual
information to the physical world.
 The graphical information is slaved to the
view of the user.
HEAD-MOUNTED(CONTD.)
 HAND-HELD DISPLAY
Handheld displays employ a small
display that fits in a user's hand.
Initially handheld AR employed
GPS units and MEMS sensors
such as digital compasses and
six degrees of freedom.
.
Handheld display AR promises
to be the first commercial
success for AR technologies. The
two main advantages of
handheld AR is the portable
nature of handheld devices and
nature of camera phones.
HAND-HELD(CONTD.)
 PROJECTION DISPLAY
 A Projection Augmented
model (PA model)
consists of a physical
three-dimensional model
onto which a computer
image is projected to
create a realistic looking
object. Importantly, the
physical model is the
same geometric shape as
the object that the PA
model depicts.
 INPUT DEVICES

Techniques include the pinch glove,a wand with a button and

a smartphone that signals its position and orientation from
camera images.
SOFTWARE
 A key measure of AR systems is how
realistically they integrate
augmentations with the real world. The
software must derive real world
coordinates, independent from the
camera, from camera images. That
process is called image registration.
SOFTWARE(CONTD.)
 Image registration uses different methods of
computer vision, mostly related to video tracking.
 Many computer vision methods of augmented reality
are inherited from visual world. Usually those
methods consist of two parts. First detect interest
points or optical flow in the camera images.
 First stage can use feature detection methods like
corner detection, blob detection, edge detection or
threshold and/or other image processing methods.
 Augmented Reality vs.
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality: Virtual Reality:
 System augments the  Totally immersive
real world scene environment
 User maintains a
 Visual senses are
sense of presence in
real world under control of
 Needs a mechanism to
system.
combine virtual and
real worlds
HOW DOES IT WORK?
 A range of technologies can be used for augmented reality.
Many augmented reality projects use headgear or a similar
device that projects data into the user’s field of vision,
corresponding With a real object or space the user is observing.
 for example, augmented reality might overlay a schematic
diagram onto the inside of a computer, allowing students to
identify the various components and access technical
specifications about them.
 PDAs or other portable devices can use GPS data to provide
users with context including visual, audio, or text-based data
about real objects or places.
 Augmented reality is not merely a companion text or multimedia
file but a technology designed to “see” a real object or place
and provide the user with appropriate information at the right
time.
 Augmented reality is designed to blur the line between the
reality the user is experiencing and the Content provided by
technology.
EXAMPLE:
 In MIT’s Environmental Detectives, for
example, students learn about
environmental sciences and ecosystems
by finding clues and solving a mystery
on the MIT campus using PDAs fitted
with GPS devices.
HUMAN OPERATING WITH AR

Think of a heads up display on your auto windshield,

or on the instrument panel. What could be there to
help you navigate?
ADVANTAGES
1)Live Implications
 Augmented reality found in live
advertising of sporting events where
advertisements are placed in black spaces on
a given field or stadium that are visible to the
television viewing public.
 Similarly the yellow "first down" lines in NFL
games or the color trail of a speeding hockey
puck during NHL games are augmented
reality aids designed to assist the television
spectator.
ADVANTAGES(CONTD.)
2) Military and Video Game Applications
 Military aircraft like the F-35 Lightning II has no heads up
display. Instead enemy aircraft is tracked by the plane's
situational awareness and sensor array that displays inside
the pilot's flight helmet with uses an augmented reality
application to display images in real time.

 In a similar fashion many video game creators use

augmented reality in their first person shooters. Games
like Halo and Unreal Tournament use what's known as
"heads up display" that's an augmented reality situation to
allow the player access to all their character's states(in a
similar way that a fighter pilot would).
DISADVANTAGES
 Detractors of augmented reality point to
its effect on the young and their ability
to separate the fiction from the reality.
Three dimensional, real-time running
augmented reality programs like "first
person shooters" have been believed to
increase teen aggression because they
normalize violence.
FEATURES
 1) Augmented
Reality in iPhone
Safari browser:
 If you have 360 Panorama,
once you complete an upload
of a panoramic photo you
captured, you can use the
URL to view it in Safari Mobile
or send the link to others for
them to check out what you
captured.
 PERFORMANCE ISSUES
Augmented Reality systems are expected:
 To run in real-time so that the user can move

around freely in the environment

 Show a properly rendered augmented image

Therefore, two performance criteria are placed on

the system:
 Update rate for generating the augmenting image

 Accuracy of the registration of the real and virtual

image
 APPLICATIONS
 Medical
 Manufacturing,
Maintenance, and
 Entertainment
Repair
 Military Training  Consumer Design
 Engineering Design  Hazard Detection
 Robotics and  Audio
Telerobotics
 1) ADVERTISEMENT
 Marketers started to use AR to
promote products via interactive AR
applications.
 For example, at the 2008 LA Auto
Show, Nissan unveiled the concept
vehicle Cube and presented visitors
with a brochure which, when held
against a webcam , showed
alternate versions of the vehicle.
 In August 2009, Best Buy ran a
circular with an augmented reality
code that allowed users with a
webcam to interact with the
product in 3D.
 2) TASK SUPPORT
 Complex tasks such as assembly,
maintenance, and surgery can be
simplified by inserting additional
information into the field of view.
 AR can include images of hidden
objects, which can be particularly
effective for medical diagnostics or
surgery.
 Examples include a virtual X-ray view
based on prior tomography or on real
time images from ultrasound and
microconfocal probes or open NMR
devices.
3) GOOGLE MOBILE
 With Google being the biggest search engine
in the world, it's no surprise that this app is
available for pretty much every mobile
platform.
 As with the regular desktop versions of
Google, you can use it to search by text and
you can also use it to search by location or
photos. Using the Google Goggles function,
you can take a picture with the phone's
camera and run a Google search on it.
 For example, you could take a picture of a
company logo, a landmark, a book cover or
even some text to be translated and the app
will come up with all the relevant pages
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
 Just imagine! – in the near future, digital signage displays will
become the place where the digital and the real world will
blend, giving rise to a fascinating new user experience of mixed
realities. Your customers will be able to hold physical objects,
such as catalogues, magazines, brochures or any type of
packaging, with digital augmentation in their hands. But this is
more than just a pipe dream. With an augmented reality-
enhanced display system, any kind of digital animation can be
augmented in real time with real-world video images to form a
totally unique experience. Catalogues can show three-
dimensional computer simulations of the products they contain,
stories will spring to life and video films will overlie the images
in magazines. Brochures will become like magic books when
users interact with computer models of the products on offer.
The possibilities are endless – just think of your favourite sci-fi
movies and you’re maybe half way there already.
 CONTD.
 Even the unlikeliest candidates such
as the US Postal Service, A&E
Network, and GE are beginning to
show how augmented reality could
help us interact with and
understand digital content in more
interesting ways.
 Knowing this, it’s not too farfetched
that in the not-too-distant future,
augmented reality could actually
become as integral to our lives as
cell phones and Web 2.0 sites in
terms of how it enhances reality and
integrates with our surroundings.