Search-Engines : A case

study of Google

Presented by:
Gaurav Khandelwal
(08BCE131)
Overview

History of search-engines
About search engines
Difference types of search engines
About Google search engine
How Google search engine work
Crawling
Indexing
Searching
Difference between Google & other search engines
History of Search-engines
First search engine was archie that was developed in
1990 by Alan Emtage, Bill Heelan and J. Peter Deutsch,
computer science students at McGill University in
Montreal.
In 1991 Gopher is developed by Mark McCahill at the
University of Minnesota and it led to two new engines
Veronica and Jughead .
Veronica(Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index
to Computerized Archives) and Jughead (Jonzy's
Universal Gopher Hierarchy Excavation And Display)
History of Search-engines
In 1993 first web crawler Wandex was developed in
MIT by Matthew Gray.
Soon after many search engines appeared Magellan,
Excite, Infoseek, Inktomi, Northern Light, AltaVista
,Yahoo! and Netscape.
In 2000 Google search engine rose to prominence and
it acquired many search engines.
In 2004 Google launched its own search engine based
on the combined technologies of its acquisitions
About Search-engine

A search engine is a database of web sites that is

ranked according to the algorithm which is used.
Search engine gives a result of the searcher’s query
from the database.
Search engines are the key to finding specific
information on the vast expanse of the World wide web
and FTP servers.
Search engines has most important tool called web-
crawler or web-robot or web-spider.
Different types of Search-engines

Ask.com(general, UK)
Google(general)
Yahoo(general)
MSN
Bing(Microsoft)
Guruji.com(India)
Wikipedia
IFACnet(Accounts)
Taptu(Mobile)
About Google search-engine

Google search engine is created by Sergey brin and

Larry page.
It is launched on 15th september,1997.
It supports 124 languages.
It have patented algorithm called PageRank.
Google search provides 22 special features other
then word search-capability. These include synonyms,
weather forecasts, time-zones, stock quotes, maps,
sports scores, conversion of money and temperatures,
calculation, translation.
About Google search-engine

Google Search provides many options for customized

search using Boolean operators such as:
Exclusion ("-xx")
Inclusion ("+xx")
Alternatives ("xx OR yy“)
Wildcard ("x * x")
Google Search provides some query options such as:
define: The query prefix "define:" will provide a
definition of the words listed after it.
site: Restrict the results to those websites in the
given domain.
intitle: Prefix to search in a webpage title.
About Google search-engine

Google introduced Instant Search feature on 8th

september,2010 that display suggested result while
the user type.
Google have 160 domain names for each of the
country in which it has been localized.
Google also have a special feature Doodle for
Google. In this feature on a certain occasions the
logo on Google’s webpage will change to a special
version known as a “Google Doodle”.
Google server error was first reported in 2005 due
checking optimization by companies and second error
was reported in June,2009 after death of pop star
Michael Jackson who were search for singer.
How Google search-engine work

Search engine works in the following order

Web crawling

Indexing

Searching
How Google search-engine work

Web Crawling:
1.Web crawling is basically collecting and storing
information from the web pages.
2.Web crawling is done by web crawler or Spider.
3.Web crawler follow the link of the web page and read
the information of the page from the meta tag ,title,
heading and store it into the database and also initialize
off-page and on-page variables.
How Google search-engine work

Indexing:
Indexing is done with respect to rank of the web
pages.
Page rank is determined by variables that is stored
into database.
Page Rank gives importance to page , If page have
higher rank then it appear on the top in search results.
Page Rank is defined recursively and depends on the
number of links in that page and how many pages that
link to it.
How Google search-engine work

Simple formula for finding page ranking :

PR(U)= Ʃ PR(v)/L(v)
v ɛ B(u)
In the above formula Google also add one another
factor that is Damping Factor that has value 0.85.
How Google search-engine work

Searching:
When user fires a query engine first search for
keyword into database.
Then it displays result according to Page-Rank.
In new feature of Google it displays first result of
suggested sites while user entering query.
How page ranks works
Difference between Google & other search
engines
Page Rank: First Major difference is search engines
use algorithm doesn’t have Page Ranking feature while
Google has its own Page Ranking feature.
Meta tags: Meta tag have more importance in search
engines ,but only little importance in Google.
On-page optimization: Most of search engines give
higher priority for on-page optimization. But Google
gives less priority for on-page optimization.
Off-page optimization: Google gives higher priority
to off-page optimization such as inbound links. This
link building is critically important in Google.
Google gives high waitage for quality incoming links.
Difference between Google & other search
engines
Site-Indexing: Most of search engines have two
types of sites paid and unpaid. Search engines
takes less time for Indexing of paid sites and
more for unpaid sites. But Google is absolutely
free.
Keyword-density: Google gives higher importance
to meta tag, anchor tag, alt tag. But other
search engines gives higher importance to title
tag, header tags, bold tags.
Topic covered in next session

Page-Ranking algorithm
On-page and off-page variables
How user query is interpreted and executed
Advantages of Google from others engines.
In which conditions Google may fail.
Thank you