NOUN AND NOUN PHRASE

KATA BENDA DAN FRASA KATA BENDA

 Dua bentuk kata benda
• Concrete Noun: kata benda yang
berwujud ex: house, horse, gold, etc

• Abstract Noun: kata benda tak burujud

ex: knowledge, happiness, health, vision
 Countable Noun: dapat dihitung

• Singular: berbentuk tunggal atau

berjumlah satu
• Plural: bentuk jamak, berjumlah lebih
dari satu
* pola beraturan (regular): ditambahkan
akhiran s atau es
* pola tak beraturan (irregular): terjadi
perubahan kata
 Irregular Irregular Regular Regular

Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural

Child Children Woman Women Office Offices Box Boxes

Man Men Goose Geese Wife Wives Cup Cups

Mouse Mice Foot Feet Loss Losses Son Sons

Tooth Teeth Deer Deer Potato Potatoes House Houses

Fish Fish Police Police City Cities Glass Glasses

Sheep Sheep Datum Data Rabbit Rabbits

Ox Oxen Alumnus Alumni Drawer Drawers

Person People Medium Media Book Books

Uncountable Noun: tidak punya jamak
• Selalu Singular: air, ash, asphalt, brass,
butter, cement, chalk, cheese, chicken,
chocolate, cloth, coffee, flour, food, fruit,
furniture, gas, honey, ink, jewel,
margarine, powder, rice, salt, oil, milk

• Bentuk jamak pada ukurannya

a cup of coffee two cups of coffee
a slice of bread three slices of bread
a bottle of ink two bottles of ink
 Amount: jumlah/satuan
With Countable Nouns With Non-count Nouns
a/an, the, some, any The, some, any
This, that, these, those This, that
None, one, two, three None
A few A Little
Few Little
Fewer Less
A lot of A lot of
Many Much
A large/great number of A large amount
 Akhiran yang menunjukkan Noun
..ary, …aire Secretary, …ism Criticism,
millionaire racism
..an, ..ian, African, pedestrian, …ist Artist, industrialist
,..ician beautician
..ance, ..ce Distance, absence, …ion Relation, religion
importance

..dom Wisdom, kingdom ..ment Enjoyment, government

..ee Employee, trainee ..ness Coldness, happiness
..er, ..ar, ..or Teacher, liar,tailor ..ship Friendship, leadership
..hood Manhood, childhood …t, th Height, length, truth
..ic, ..ics Logic, physics ..ty Sovereignty, activity
..is Analysis, crisis
NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN KALIMAT
PERNYATAAN
Contoh : I remember something
I know something

• Something : bisa digantikan noun clause

• Dimulai dengan kata that = bahwa
I remember (that) he came to my house
once
• That bisa dipakai, bisa tidak
 NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN
KALIMAT PERNYATAAN
“ I remember something
he came to my house once
(noun clause)
Diganti menjadi “
I remember (that) he came to my house
once
 KATA KERJA YANG BIASA DIIKUTI
NOUN CLAUSE
• Agree, announce, answer, argue, ask.
Asume, believe, boast (membual),
complain, conclude, confess, decide,
demand, deny, discover, doubt, drem,
guess, hear, hope, imagine, inform, judge,
learn, notice, pray, predict, promise,
realize, regret, report, say, state, suppose,
swear, think, understand
NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN KALIMAT
TANYA
Who. Whom, what, why, when, which, how
“noun clause yang diikuti dengan wh disebut juga
wh-clause
I remember something

I remember who studies English

I remember what he studies
I remember who/what ate her food
I remember what the cat eat
I remember who(m) you met
NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN KALIMAT
TANYA
I remember something

I remember where she will work

I remember when they will be back
I remember how much it is
I remember which bus he took
I remember why he said that
NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN KALIMAT
TANYA
“object pronoun” pengganti orang adalah who (jika
orang yang akan diganti dengan Wh-clause adalah
obyek kata kerja, lebih b aik menggunakan whom)
Who digunakan dalam bahasa lisan, dalam bahasa
tulisan kita memakai whom.
Clause dengan wh- bukan kalimat tanya sehingga
kita tidak dapat menggunakan : I know who is
Sarah.
Hanya dalam penggunaan informal hal ini
diperbolehkan.
 NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN
YES/NO QUESTION
I wonder something
Is he a student ?
I wonder whether (or not)/if he is a student
Did he go ?
I wonder whether (or not)/if he went
Can he swim ?
I wonder whether (or not)/if they can swim
• Or not adalah optional; bisa dipakai atau bisa
tidak
 NOUN YANG MENGGANTIKAN
KALIMAT SERU
I know something

Something : How beautiful she is

I know how beautiful she is

Something : What beatiful girl she is

I know what a beautiful girl she is

Something : How quickly she finished her work.

I know how quickly she finished her work
 NOUN DAPAT JUGA DIGUNAKAN
SEBAGAI SUBYEK
Something is surprising
That he will come to visit us is surprising

Something makes me happy

That she is happy makes me happy

Something has embarrassed me

What he did has embarrassed me
 NOUN DAPAT JUGA DIGUNAKAN
SEBAGAI SUBYEK
Something doesn’t matter
Whether (or not) he is rich doesn’t matter

Something is important
How well she works is important

Noun clauses (that-clause dan wh-clause) yang

ditempatkan di depan kalimat selalu dalam
bentuk singular sehingga kata kerja yang
digunakan dalam bentuk singular.