CALL FOR AND ADJUST

INDIRECT FIRE
 LESSON OBJECTIVES
ACTION: Call For and Adjust Indirect Fire.

CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment,

STANDARDS: Initiate an Adjust Fire Mission within 3 minutes

of Identifying the Target. Observer must enter Fire-for-Effect
(FFE) Phase using No More Than 5 Rounds In Adjustment, And
FFE must be within 50 Meters.

SAFETY: NO MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS

ENVIRONMENTAL: NO MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS
RISK ASSESSMENT: LOW
 GUNNERY TEAM
• Forward Observer (FO)

• Fire Direction Center (FDC)

• Guns (Unit Size)

 CALL FOR FIRE
ELEMENTS
• 1. Observer Identification
• 2. Warning Order
• 3. Target Location
• 4. Target Description
• 5. Method Of Engagement (Optional)
• 6. Method Of Fire And Control (Optional)
 RADIO TRANSMISSIONS
1ST TRANSMISSION
Observer ID & Warning Order
2ND TRANSMISSION
Target Location
3RD TRANSMISSION

Target Description

METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT
METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL
 METHOD OF TARGET
LOCATION

Grid Coordinate

Polar Plot

Shift From a Known Point

 GRID COORDINATE

Observer’s Location - Not needed by FDC

MAP READING - MAY INCLUDE 100K ID

6 DIGIT GRID - Accuracy 100 Meters

8 DIGIT GRID - Accuracy 10 Meters
(Precision Missions)
 POLAR PLOT

Observer’s Location - Must be Known by FDC

OT Direction (10 MILS)

(Grid Mils, Degrees, Cardinal)

Distance to Target (100 METERS)

Vertical Shift - (5 METERS)

35 Meters or more
 SHIFT FROM A KNOWN POINT
Known Point Must be Known by Observer & FDC

•A target that has been fired on

•A prominent terrain feature
•A man-made structure
•Any prominent feature whose
MUST DETERMINE: location is known to the FDC
• OT Direction (10 Mils)
• Lateral Shift (10 Meters)
• Range Change (100 Meters)
• Vertical Shift (5 Meters)
(If 35 Meters or greater)
 TARGET DESCRIPTION
• What is the target ?
• What is the target doing ?
• Number of elements in the target
• Degree of protection
• Target size and shape
*VERY IMPORTANT FOR CHOOSING THE
BEST SHELL/FUZE COMBINATION
 DANGER CLOSE
• MORTARS - 600 METERS

• ARTILLERY - 600 METERS

• 5” NAVAL GUNFIRE -750 Meters

• HISTORY
•16” NAVAL GUNFIRE (CONVENTIONAL) -1000 Meters
•16” NAVAL GUNFIRE (ICM AND CVT) - 2000 Meters
POLAR MISSION

K13 THIS IS D11, AF, Polar, Over

Direction 1600, Distance 2500, Over
Six T-72 Tanks, In the Open, Over
FO
D11 THIS IS K13, AF, Polar, Out
Direction 1600, Distance 2500, Out
Six T-72 TANKS, I/O, Out

FDC
HOW TO
ADJUST
FIRES
 OT FACTOR
OT RANGE / 1000 OT FACTOR
2,700 2.7 3

4,400 4.4 4

3,500 3.5 4

800 .8 .8

• Applied to Deviation - Converts (Mils to Meters)

 RETICLE
PATTERN

7
6
5
4
3
2
5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5

x 10
Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting

7
6
5
4
3
2
5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5

@ 2,400m
Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting

7
6
5
4
3
2
5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5

@ 3,700m
Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting

7
6
5
4
3
2
5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5

@ 3500 m
Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting

7
6
5
4
3
2
5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5

@ 700 m
 RANGE CORRECTIONS
ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES
• SUCCESSIVE BRACKET

• HASTY BRACKET
• ONE-ROUND ADJUSTMENT

• CREEPING FIRE
 SUMMARY
•Gunnery Team
•Call For Fires
Observer Identification
Warning Order
Target Location ... Grid - Polar - Shift from a Kn Pt
Target Description
Method Of Engagement
Method Of Fire And Control
•Radio Transmissions
•Artillery Expressions
•Message to Observer (MTO)
•Observer-Target Factor (OT)
•Adjusting Fires
•End of Missions