Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IN INDIA
Dr. U.P.Singh
Prof.&Head Aquaculture
The major requirement in aquaculture is:-
The breeding of fast growing fish species such as Catla and silver
carp posses considerable problems due to:-
1. Hatching pits-
Pit dimension size - 3’×2’ ×1’ may vary according to
requirements
Pits are dug in several rows and inner walls are plastered
with mud
Now a days the pit are made in such a way that they are
inter connected and constant flow of water is maintained
to ensure proper aeration
2. Chitagong type hatching pit-
Outer- 2×1×1 m
Inner- 1×0.5×0.5 m
Breeding Tank:-
Done in breeding hapa
Spawnery:-
Is a Cement cistern - 1.8 × 0.9 × 0.9 m
27 cm height 10 cm dia.
Breeding Pool
Hatchery Jar with Egg Sac
Spawn Receiver with Net Hapa
Blower with Aeration Accessories
On Ground Pipeline With Accessories
Applications
Used for Hatching of Fish Eggs Under Controlled
Conditions With Regulated Flow and Simulation of Ideal
Riverine Conditions.
CIFE D-81 Model
14. Chinese carp hatchery
Chinese have developed a technique based on the
continuous flow of water by gravity to breed the carps and
hatch the eggs and rear the spawn.
COMPONENTS OF HATCHERY
Overhead tank (to store filtered water)
Brood stock ponds (@ 1500 kg/ha)
Breeding tank (3-5 kg of brood per m3 is recommended )
Conditioning tank
Hatching tank
Spawn collection tank
Rearing tank (for rearing of larvae)
Nursing ponds
Transporting equipment
Figure 1. General layout of hatchery complex
Water supply pipe
Drain pipe
Figure 2. Layout of the carp hatchery
Breeding
tank
Larvae rearing tank of
200l capacity
Hatching jars
Fish
manipulating
table
s
t
o
r
Tank for
a spawners2.5m2
g
Working
e table
Fig. 3:- Water system
A) Pump
B) Sand filter or pressure filter
C) Reservoir
D) Larvae rearing and algal culture tanks
E) Brood stock development tanks
WATER SOURCE AND SUPPLY UNIT
In any type of water source, water should not use
directly
There is need of:-
Pump for lifting up the water into the overhead
tank (at the height of 4-6m
from ground level for gravity flow)
Filtration unit
Diameter :- 3-6m
Depth :- 1m
Diameter of the water inlet pipe :- 2”-3”
Conti….
The breeding pool should have a sloping bottom
leading to the outlet at centre, so that it can be
completely drained when required without leaving
any eggs behind
INLET
OUTFLOWPIPE
I
INLET
N
E
The duck mouths direction and the speed of water are well
adjusted to assure favorable circulation of eggs in the water
preventing them from mechanical injury
The equidistant principle with unidirectional water flow allow
the eggs to run without low oxygen concentration and without
touching the screen of the cistern
Diameter :- 2-4m
Depth :- 1m
Mesh size of the screen is 1/50 inch which prevents eggs and
spawn escaping out
OPERATIONAL ASPECT
Speed of the water in hatching tank is
maintained at the rate of:-
0.4-0.5m/sec for first 12 hr.
0.1-0.2m/sec for next 6 hr.
0.3-0.4m/sec for rest of the operation
Reducing speed after 12 hr. of operation avoid
premature hatching and prolong hatching of the
developing eggs
Regular cleaning of hatchery units counts the
recovery and survival of hatchlings, spawns and
eggs
EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
ON SURVIVAL OF FISH EGGS AND SPAWN
Carp eggs and spawn are very sensitive to the environment
a) Temperature
b) Dissolved oxygen
c) pH
d) Alkalinity
e) Light
ALKALINITY
SILT