Professional Documents
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distance,
displacement,
speed,
velocity and
acceleration
decreasing
steady
velocity
velocity
Displacement (m)
Example 1/6
Again, write a description of the motion shown above, copy
the diagram and complete the displacement, velocity and
acceleration graphs below.
Example 2/6
Describe the motion and complete the graphs
Example 3/6
Describe the motion and complete the graphs
Example 4/6
Describe the motion and complete the graphs
Example 5/6
Describe the motion and complete the graphs
Example 6/6
Use these titles to label each diagram
2 –
–
u
v
initial velocity (m/s)
final velocity (m/s)
s = ut + ½ at2 These equations work for speed
v2 = u2 + 2 as
and distance as well
Deriving Equations of Motion
1. Write an equation for acceleration using the initial
velocity (u), the final velocity (v) and time (t).
2. Re-arrange the equation to give v. (This is the first
equation.)
3. Write an equation for displacement using
displacement = average velocity × time. (This is the
second equation.)
4. Eliminate v from the second equation by substituting
it with (u + at) in equation 2. (This is the third
equation.)
5. Eliminate t from equation 3 by substituting t=(v-u)/a
(from equation 1) to get equation 4.
Example Question.
A sprinter (starting from rest) covers 4.0 m in the first
0.9s of a race. Find the acceleration, assuming it is
constant.
u = 30m/s
t = 10s
v = 35m/s
a=?
Use v = u + at
35 = 30 + a x 10
a = (35 – 30)/10
a = 10 m/s2
Example 2.
A brick falls off the top of a wall under construction and drops
into a bed of sand 14.5 m below.
It makes a dent in the sand 185 mm deep. What is:
a) The speed of the brick just before it hits the sand.
Use v2 = u2 + 2as
= 0 + 2 x 9.81 x 14.5
= 284.5
v = 16.9 m/s
b) Deceleration in the sand:
Use v2 = u2 + 2as.
0 = 284.5 + 2 x a x 0.185
Rearranging:
2 x a x 0.185 = - 284.5
a = -284.5
2 x 0.185
= - 769 m/s2
c) What would happen to a person undergoing that
deceleration?
Time (s)
Linking Equations of Motion
to Velocity – Time Graphs
• s = (u + v)t Velocity
(m/s)
v
2 u
u + v (m/s)
2
• Displacement = average
velocity × time
Time (s)
Linking Equations of Motion to
Velocity – Time Graphs
• We know that the area under the
graph is the displacement. We
can work this out adding the v
areas of the light rectangle and
the dark triangle.
• The area of the rectangle is u × t v – u = at
u
• The area of the triangle = ½ ×
acceleration × time × time.
• In code, area of the triangle = ½
(at2). t
• The total area, the displacement
covered is given by: s/ m( deep S
• s = ut + ½ at2
Time (s)