THERMAL

POLLUTION

Presented by
Disha, Reshmi, Aswathi
1st year MBA
ICM-IMK Poojappura
INTRODUCTION

• Thermal pollution is the degradation

of water quality by any process that
changes ambient water
temperatures.
• This has become an increasing and
the most current pollution owing to
the increasing call of globalization
every where
 Overview……
Here , we will show the a summary to the event of
this pollution happening:

• Raw materials for productivity (organic and inorganic products).

• Undergo different chemical reactions with several process.
• Excess heat energy is produced as a waste product .
• Heat is released through into atmosphere (vapor) and riverine
system (liquid).
• Increase of temperature of environmental system
 CAUSES

• Effluents of industrial process (discharge of hot water to lakes

and rivers).
• Cooling towers of electrical power stations.
 SOURCES AND METHODS
Major Methods of pollution
sources
Power
* Electricity is generated by heat stored in the fossil fuels and the stored
plants
energy creates a heat flow that drives turbine
creating
electricity * The turbines then generate electricity
from * All the electricity try to be organized so that it may travel in same
fossil
direction in a small line
fuels.
* Excess heat is then created because of the unnatural process of
creating organization

Water as * Heat exchangers

cooling
agent * Evaporate cooling
Deforesta * Aggravates soil erosion activity
tion of
shore line * Increases amount of light that strikes water

Soil * Sedimentation at lakes and streams make water muddy

erosion
* Muddy water lowers the clarity of water with the introduction of
impurities to water which increase the light absorption from atmosphere
EFFECTS OF THERMAL POLLUTION

• Affects the level of dissolved oxygen in water.

• Instant death to some species which may affect the food chain.
• Encourages the rapid growth of algae.
• May result in permanent changes in the species composition of
aquatic ecosystem.
 Ecological effects — warm water

• Elevated temperature typically decreases the level of dissolved

oxygen (DO) in water. The decrease in levels of DO can harm
aquatic animals such as fish, amphibians and copepods.
• Primary producers are affected by warm water because higher
water temperature increases plant growth rates, resulting in a
shorter lifespan and species overpopulation. This can cause an
algae bloom which reduces oxygen levels.
• In limited cases, warm water has little deleterious effect and
may even lead to improved function of the receiving aquatic
ecosystem. This phenomenon is seen especially in seasonal
waters and is known as thermal enrichment.
 Ecological effects — cold water

• Releases of unnaturally cold water from reservoirs can

dramatically change the fish and macro invertebrate
fauna of rivers, and reduce river productivity.
• In Australia, where many rivers have warmer
temperature regimes, native fish species have been
eliminated, and macro invertebrate fauna have been
drastically altered.
Physical & Chemical effects of thermal
pollution

• Affects the level of dissolved oxygen in water.

• An increase in temperature can also cause a reduction of
solubility .
• Another problem is the stratification in lakes. Because of
density difference, layers of different temperature are formed
in accordance with the depth of water. So the temperature of
water changes suddenly with the depth.
 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THERMAL
POLLUTION
Proliferation of algae
• Increase \ reduction in temperature may
result in the Destruction of fauna and
flora.
• Secondly, with a higher temperature,
algae grow much more rapidly. They
use up dissolved oxygen (DO) in water,
block the sunlight from getting to the
submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV),
and the entire
ecosystem suffers.
HEALTH SIDE EFFECTS

• Thermal pollution affects

the population of aquatic
food.
• It also affects fish
populations which affects
recreational activities.
 ENVIRONMENTAL SIDE EFFECTS

• When the water temperature increases, the dissolved oxygen level

decreases exponentially. This increases respiration rates and the
consumption of oxygen occurs at a faster rate.
• Warm water also disrupts spawning and kills the young.
• Cold water can change the productivity of fish and micro
invertebrate fauna.
• Causes Thermal Shock
Poisonous emissions from the thermal power plants of the Maritza-
Iztok Complex are the cause for the elevated concentration of
sulphur dioxide in the town of Dimitrovgrad,Bulgaria
 CONTROL OF THERMAL POLLUTION

• Power plants and factories can decrease thermal pollution by

having the heated water go through a cooling tower (where the
water is cooled by evaporation) before it is discharged into bodies
of water.
• Hot waste water can be used for heating.
• Keep vegetation along streams and other bodies of water. This
reduces erosion and keeps the water clearer and cooler.
 CONCLUSION

Thermal pollution is a problem that we have to deal with

more and more. Even if we can't see immediately the effects
of  thermal pollution it has an impact on our environment.
Scientist can make efforts to ensure minimum heat losses by
improving thermal efficiencies of heat engines. Nonetheless,
the best solution is to reduce consumption of fossil fuels and
to limit day-to-day energy usage. The development of
alternative energy resources such as solar power, wind energy
and hydropower can also be beneficial.
THANK YOU