Agenda

Basic Communication Environment

Role of SIP

Architectural Components of SIP

Information Flow

Important SIP Messages

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 Communication Environment (1/3)

User Endpoint A

Where is B?
L o ca tion Location
r r e n t
Use r B Cu Record

Ring User Endpoint B

ing
Call
B

Location Known..
Location Unknown..?

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 Communication Environment (2/3)

Willingness Check
User Endpoint A User Endpoint B

Hello..!
Hello..!

Communication

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 Communication Environment (3/3)

Termination

User Endpoint A User Endpoint B

- No connection -
Bye..!
Bye..!

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 Agenda

Basic Communication Environment

Role of SIP

Architectural Components of SIP

Information Flow

Important SIP Messages

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 Functionality Aspects

• Locating the target endpoint

• Availability of target endpoint
• Willingness of target endpoint
• Connection Modification
• Connection Termination

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 Session Initiation Protocol

Session Initiation Protocol

(SIP) is a SIP Signaling
•Request -Response
•Server/Client IP Network
protocol developed by Internet
Engineering Task Force User 1
Media Stream User 2
(IETF) for multimedia
conferencing over IP i.e.
Internet Protocol

Protocol primitives: Session setup, termination,

changes

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 Agenda

Basic Communication Environment

Role of SIP

Architectural Components of SIP

Information Flow

Important SIP Messages

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 Architectural Components of SIP
Registrar Redirect

O
T
H
E
R
IP NETWORK N
/
W
UA S
Proxy

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 User Agent (UA)

Caller Callee

Request
Response

User Agent Client User Agent Server

(UAC) (UAS)

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 Proxy Server

Client M/c Proxy A Proxy B Client M/c

Request Request
Inter-Domain
Communication
Response Response

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 Types of Proxy (1/2)

Stateless Proxy •Authentication

•Security
•Routing
•No information retained about
message transaction. Hence no
use in re-transmissions,
(Only Message Forwarding)
cancellations etc.
Original Message

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 Types of Proxy (2/2)

Stateful Proxy
•Authentication
•Security
•Routing
•Information retained about
message transaction. Hence
(Message Forwarding + Processing)
used in re-transmissions,
cancellations, billing etc.
Processed Message

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 Registrar/Location Server
Proxy Registrar
User A
Call
REGISTER REGISTER Processing REGISTER
Location
Unit Service

REGISTER sip:domain.com SIP/2.0

From: sip:userA@domain.com
To: sip:userA@domain.com
Contact: <sip:192.38.76.165> // UserA’s IP for binding
Expire: 3600

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 Redirect Server

User A Proxy Redirect Proxy User B

INVITE
INVITE
INFO
ACK
INVITE
INVITE
TRYING
TRYING

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 Agenda

Basic Communication Environment

Role of SIP

Components
Architectural of SIP
SIP Components

Information Flow

Important SIP Messages

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 Information Flow (1/2)

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 Information Flow (2/2)
IPT
o m ain Proxy EL
D
D o ma
S IP Caller in
JIRI

1. INVITE 2. INVITE
3. TRYING 100 4. INVITE
5. TRYING 100
6. RINGING 180
7. RINGING 180
8. RINGING 180 9. OK 200
10. OK 200
11. OK 200
12. ACK
MEDIA SESSION
13. BYE
14. OK 200

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 Agenda

Basic Communication Environment

Role of SIP

Components
Architectural of SIPof SIP
Components

Information Flow

Important SIP Messages

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 CANCEL “hop by hop” Request (1/2)
UAC UAS

CANCEL

Provisional Final
Response ?

Wait for Ignore Request

CANCEL to
process

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 CANCEL “hop by hop” Request (2/2)

Eg.
CANCEL sip:userB@south.com SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc30.north.com
Max-forwards: 70
To: User B < sip:userB@south.com>
From: User A < sip:userA@north.com>;tag=1983033020
Call-ID: bfue74f94fh8.north.com
CSeq: 201183 CANCEL
Contact: < sip:userA@pc30.north.com>

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 OPTIONS Request (1/2)

OPTIONS sip:userB@south.com SIP/2.0

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc30.north.com
To: User B < sip:userB@south.com>
From: User A < sip:userA@north.com>;tag=1983033020
Call-ID: bfue74f94fh8.north.com
CSeq: 201183 OPTIONS
Contact: < sip:userA@pc30.north.com>
Accept : application/sdp
Content-length: 0

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 OK Response for OPTIONS (2/2)
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc30.north.com
To: User B < sip:userB@south.com>
From: User A < sip:userA@north.com>;tag=1983033020
Call-ID: bfue74f94fh8.north.com
CSeq: 201183 OPTIONS
Contact: < sip:userB@192.0.3.7>
Allow: INVITE, ACK, OPTIONS, CANCEL, BYE
Accept: application/sdp
Accept-encoding: gzip
Accept-language: en
Content-length: 274

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 Session Modification with re-INVITE
User A User B

INVITE
180 RINGING
200 OK
ACK
Media Session
INVITE’
405 not acceptable
ACK
INVITE’’
200 OK
ACK
New Session

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 Request Processing (1/2)
Authentication

Method No
Supported ?
405
Method Not Supported
Yes generated
Header Inspection
Header Inspection
Content Processing

Malformed To & Require

Method Specific Request-URI
Processing

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 Request Processing (2/2)
Authentication

Method No
Supported
405
Yes generated
Header Inspection
Content Processing
Content Processing

Type Encoding Language

Method Specific
Processing

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 Services provided by SIP

• User Preferences
– Call Forking
– Call Queuing

• Multimedia Conference

• Instant Messaging

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12/09/21 04:37 AM 28