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Proteobacteria
Intracellular fungus
Gram negative coccobacillus
Common among AIDS patients
Non-motile The primary role of the lungs are ͞to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into  Histoplasmosis
the bloodstream and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the Grows in soil and
 Whooping cough or ͞100 day cough͟ atmosphere.͟ material contaminated with
Humans only
bird/bat droppings.

 As a major portal of entry, the lungs are at a high risk area infectious diseases. 

1) Paroxysmal cough followed by ͞whooping͟ sound. Many pathogens are airborne, and the act of breathing alone exposes the 1) Acute stage:
2) Vomiting after coughing. respiratory system to them. cough/cold-like symptoms
  Person to person by inhalation 2) Chronic stage:
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 symptoms resemble tuberculosis
1) Type III secretion system 3) Inflammation of tissue in the midchest
2) Toxin that paralyzes cilia. Transmission: Inhalation of organism spores
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Tdap vaccine |
   

1) Thermally dimorphic: changes to a yeast form in
alveolar places where temperatures are higher
2) Yeast form as a-(1,3) glucan acts as antigen for
phagocytosis. Organism infects and replicates in
macrophages in the lungs
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Wearing masks and
appropriate gear when in areas of high risk. There is
anti-fungal drug called amphotericin B and itraconazole
once infected.

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Fluke parasite The lungs have several ways in which it manages pathogens:
RSV= Respiratory syncytial virus
Food-borne parasite 1) Mucous secreted from the lungs trap organism
Paramyxoviridae
Oral and ventral suckers 2) Cilia sweep mucous and dirt out of the lining of the trachea.
Negative sense ssRNA virus
3) Alveolar macrophages phagocytose pathogens and necrotic cells
 Paragonimiasis (immunocompromised individuals are at high risk for respiratory infections.
 RSV infection
Crustaceans and Humans only
humans/mammals who Pathogens that successfully cause disease in humans are able to by avoiding or


consume infected crustaceans. overcoming the protective mechanisms above. They can cause disease by a)
1) Difficulty breathing,

 infecting macrophages b) causing an overwhelming immune response that
runny nose, fever, coughing
1) Inflammation of the lung damages healthy cells or c) avoiding the immune system causing infection
2) Otitis media
2) Cough and Bronchitis 3)) Can cause bronchiolitis
3) Blood in sputum and pneumonia in children
 Consumption of raw or undercooked seafood.
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  Person to person by inhalation or direct
contact
1) Complex life cycle. Metacerciaria form infects the lungs and "Acute Respiratory Infections.͟ World Health Organization. |
   

eventually becomes worms <http://www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/ari/en/index2.html>. 1) Impairs T-cells- surface Glycoprotein G mimicks
2) Organism secretes cysteine protease that cleaves IgG AA Weiss. ͞Virulence Factors of Bordatella pertussis.͟ Annual Reviews in cytokines that attract CD8+ cells
3) Worms stimulate inflammation response and hide in Microbiology. 1986. 2) NS1 and NS2 mediate resistance to IFN cytokine
granulation tissue. ͞Paragonimiasis.͟ Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 3) Most common among infants
4) Eggs become pseudotubercle in lungs <http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/DPDx/html/Paragonimiasis.htm> |
 

No vaccine currently available.
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Hygienic food preparation. Praziquantil ͞Histoplasma casulatum.͟ MicrobeWiki. Moderately effective prophylactic drug (palivizumab) is
is a drug that can be used to treat once infected. <http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Histoplasma_capsulatum> available for children at high risk.