Bloom’s

Taxonomy
 Bloom’s Taxonomy—Revised
Bloom's Original Anderson's Revised
Taxonomy Taxonomy
Knowledge Remembering
Comprehension Understanding
Application Applying
Analysis Analysing
Synthesis Evaluating
Evaluation Creating
 BLOOM’S REVISED TAXONOMY
Creating
Generating new ideas, products, or ways of viewing things
Designing, constructing, planning, producing, inventing.
Evaluating
Justifying a decision or course of action
Checking, hypothesizing, critiquing, experimenting, judging
Analysing
Breaking information into parts to explore understandings and relationships
Comparing, organizing, deconstructing, interrogating, finding
Applying
Using information in another familiar situation
Implementing, carrying out, using, executing
Understanding
Explaining ideas or concepts
Interpreting, summarizing, paraphrasing, classifying, explaining
Remembering
Recalling information
Recognizing, listing, describing, retrieving, naming, finding
Judy Sargent, Ph.D.
CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Changes in emphasis
•The revised taxonomy is a more authentic tool for curriculum
planning, instructional delivery and assessment.

•The revision is aimed at a broader audience. Bloom's Taxonomy was

traditionally viewed as a tool best applied in the earlier years of
schooling (i.e. primary years). The revised taxonomy is more
universal and easily applicable at secondary and even tertiary levels.

•The revision emphasizes explanation and description of

subcategories.
For example, sub-categories at the Remembering level of the
taxonomy include :
Recognizing / Identifying - Locating knowledge in memory
that is consistent with presented material.
Recalling / Retrieving / Naming – Retrieving relevant
knowledge from long-term memory.
Judy Sargent, Ph.D.
CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Remembering Recall or
The learner is able to recall, restate and recognition
remember learned information. of specific
information

Recognizing Questions Tasks

Locating knowledge in What happened after...? Make a list of the main
memory that is How many...? events.
consistent with What is...? Make a time line of
presented material. Who was it that...? events.
Synonyms: Identifying...Can you name ...? Make a facts chart .
Recalling Find the meaning of… Write a list of any pieces
Retrieving relevant Describe what happened of information you can
knowledge from long- after… remember.
term memory. Who spoke to...? Make a chart showing…
Synonyms : Retrieving…. Which is true or false...? Make an acrostic.
Naming…... Identify who…. Recite a poem.
Name all the…..

Judy Sargent, Ph.D.

CESA 7 School Improvement Services
Classroom Roles for Remembering
Teacher roles in Student roles in
assessing assessments

• Directs • Responds
• Tells • Remembers
• Shows • Recognizes
• Examines • Memorizes
• Questions • Defines
• Evaluates • Describes
• Retells
Judy Sargent, Ph.D.
CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Understanding Understanding
The learner grasps the meaning of of given
information by interpreting and translating information
what has been learned.
Understand Inferring
Interpreting • Abstracting a general theme or
Changing from one form of representation to major point
another Synonyms : Extrapolating…
Synonyms: Interpolating.. Predicting…
• Paraphrasing…Translating,...Representing,… Concluding….
Clarifying... Comparing
Exemplifying • Detecting correspondences between
• Finding a specific example or illustration of a two ideas, objects, etc
concept or principle Synonyms : Contrasting… Matching
Synonyms : Instantiating… Illustrating... ...Mapping...
Classifying Explaining
• Determining that something belongs to a • Constructing a cause-and-effect
category (e.g., concept or principle). model of a system.
Synonyms : Categorizing...Subsuming... Synonyms : Constructing models...
Summarizing
• Drawing a logical conclusion from presented
information.
Synonyms : Abstracting…
Judy Sargent, Ph.D.
CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Understanding
Questions Tasks

Can you write in your own words? Illustrate what you think the main idea may have been.
How would you explain…?
Can you write a brief outline...? Make a cartoon strip showing the sequence
What do you think could have of events.
happened next...?
Who do you think...? Retell the story in your own words.
What was the main idea...?
Clarify why…. Write a summary report of the event.
Illustrate the ………
Does everyone act in the way that Cut out, or draw pictures to show a particular event.
…….. does? Illustrate what you think the main idea was.

Make a cartoon strip showing the sequence of events.

Judy Sargent, Ph.D.

CESA 7 School Improvement Services
Classroom Roles for Understanding
Teacher roles in Student roles in
assessing assessments

• Demonstrates • Explains
• Listens • Describes
• Questions • Outlines
• Compares • Restates
• Contrasts • Translates
• Examines • Demonstrates
• Interprets
Judy Sargent, Ph.D.
CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Using strategies,
Applying
concepts, principles The learner makes use of information in a
and theories in new context different from the one in which it
situations was learned.

Apply Questions Tasks

Executing Can you write in your own Construct a model to
Applying knowledge words? demonstrate how it works
(often procedural) to a How would you explain…? Make a diagram to illustrate an
routine task. What do you think could have event
Synonyms : Carrying happened next...? Make a scrapbook about the
out…. Who do you think...? areas of study.
Implementing Clarify why…. Take a collection of
Applying knowledge Illustrate the ……… photographs to demonstrate a
(often procedural) to a Does everyone act in the way particular point.
non-routine task. that …….. does? Make up a puzzle game.
Synonyms : Using….. Write a textbook about this
topic for others.

Judy Sargent, Ph.D.

CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Classroom Roles for Applying
Teacher roles in Student roles in
assessing assessment

• Shows • Solves problems

• Facilitates • Demonstrates use of
• Observes knowledge
• Evaluates • Calculates
• Organizes • Compiles
• Questions • Completes
• Illustrates
• Constructs

Judy Sargent, Ph.D.

CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Analysing Breaking
information down
The learner breaks learned information into into its component
its parts to best understand that information. elements

Analyse Questions Tasks

Differentiating Which events could not have Design a questionnaire to gather
Distinguishing relevant from happened? information.
irrelevant parts or important fromIf. ..happened, what might the ending Write a commercial to sell a new
unimportant parts of presented have been? product
material. How is...similar to...? Make flow chart to show the
Synonyms : Discriminating, What do you see as other possible critical stages.
Selecting, Focusing, outcomes? Construct a graph to illustrate
Distinguishing, Why did...changes occur? selected information.
Organizing Can you explain what must have Devise a play about the study
Determining how elements fit or happened when...? area.
function within a structure. What are some or the problems of...? Prepare a report about the area of
Synonyms : Outlining, Structuring, Can you distinguish between...? study.
Integrating, Finding coherence What were some of the motives
Attributing behind..?
Determining the point of view, bias, What was the turning point?
values, or intent underlying What was the problem with...?
presented material. Synonyms :
Deconstructing
Judy Sargent, Ph.D.
CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Classroom Roles for analyzing
Teacher roles in Student roles in assessments
assessing
• Discusses
• Uncovers
• Probes • Argues
• Guides • Debates
• Observes • Thinks deeply
• Evaluates • Tests
• Examines
• Acts as a resource • Questions
• Questions • Calculates
• Organizes • Investigates
• Dissects • Inquires

Judy Sargent, Ph.D.

CESA 7 School Improvement Services
 Evaluating Judging the value of
ideas, materials and
methods by developing
The learner makes decisions based on in-depth and applying standards
reflection, criticism and assessment. and criteria.

Checking Questions Tasks

Detecting inconsistencies or
fallacies within a process or
product.
Determining whether a process
or product has internal
consistency.
Synonyms : Testing, Detecting,
Monitoring
Critiquing
Detecting the appropriateness
of a procedure for a given task
or problem.
Synonyms :Judging
Is there a better solution to...? Conduct a debate about an
Judge the value of... What do you issue
think about...? Make a booklet about five
Can you defend your position rules you see as important.
about...? Form a panel to discuss
Do you think...is a good or bad views.
thing? Write a letter to
How would you have handled...? ...advising on changes
What changes to.. would you needed.
recommend? Prepare a case to present
Do you believe...? How would you your view about...
feel if. ..?
How effective are. ..?
 Classroom Roles for Evaluating
Teacher roles in Student roles in
assessing assessments
• Judges
• Disputes
• Clarifies • Compares
• Accepts • Critiques
• Questions
• Guides • Argues
• Assesses
• Decides
• Selects
• Justifies
 Creating Putting together ideas
or elements to develop
The learner creates new ideas and a original idea or
information using what has been engage in creative
previously learned. thinking.

Create Questions Tasks

Generating Can you design a...to...? Invent a machine to do a
Coming up with alternatives orCan you see a possible solution specific task.
hypotheses based on criteria to...? Design a building to house
Synonyms: Hypothesizing If you had access to all your study.
Planning resources, how would you deal Create a new product. Give it a
Devising a procedure for with...? name and plan a marketing
accomplishing some task. Why don't you devise your own campaign.
producing way to...? Write about your feelings in
Synonyms : Designing What would happen if ...? relation to...
Producing How many ways can you...? Write a TV show, puppet show,
Inventing a product. Can you create new and role play or song.
Synonyms: Constructing unusual uses for...? Design a record, book or
Can you develop a proposal magazine cover for...
which would...? Sell an idea
Devise a way to
 Classroom Roles for Creating
Teacher roles in Student roles in
assessing assessment

• Designs
• Facilitates • Formulates
• Extends • Plans
• Reflects • Takes risks
• Analyzes • Modifies
• Evaluates • Creates
• Proposes
• Active participant