POWER GENERATION USING

SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS

IN POWER PLANTS
AKHIL A R
081ME103
III MECHANICAL-A
What is a SMA?
Arne Olander’s two very unique
properties-
 Pseudo-elasticity,
 Shape memory effect.
 The most effective and widely
used alloys include NiTi (Nickel -
Titanium), CuZnAl, and CuAlNi.
Working of a SMA
In most shape memory alloys, a temperature
change of only about 100 C is necessary to
initiate this phase change.
 The two phases-
Martensite,
Austenite.
Martensite
 relatively soft and easily deformed phase
exists at lower temperatures.
 Austenite
the stronger phase
occurs at higher
temperatures.
SHAPE MEMORY EFFECT
Below Mf temperature
PSUEDO –ELASTICITY
Above Af temperature.
Applications
Bio-compatibility
Diverse Fields of Application
Good Mechanical Properties (strong,
corrosion resistant)
Inspiration !
Technology emerging in the field of automobile -GM
My Idea !
Energy generation from the exhaust of power
plants
SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS
 Ag-Cd 44/49 at.% Cd
 Au-Cd 46.5/50 at.% Cd
 Cu-Al-Ni 14/14.5 wt.% Al and 3/4.5 wt.% Ni
 Cu-Sn approx. 15 at.% Sn
 Cu-Zn 38.5/41.5 wt.% Zn
 Cu-Zn-X (X = Si, Al, Sn)
 Mn-Cu 5/35 at.% Cu
 Ni-Ti (~55% Ni)
 Ni-Ti-Nb
 Ni-Mn-Ga
WHY NITINOL?
It has very good electrical and mechanical properties,
 long fatigue life, high corrosion resistance.
A Nitinol wire 0.6 mm in diameter can lift as much as
7.2 kgs.
Nitinol also has the resistance properties which enable
it to be actuated electrically by joule heating.
In most cases, the transition temperature of the SMA
is chosen such that room temperature is well below the
transformation point of the material.
actuator, sensor, and heater all in one material.
NITINOL

Physical Properties of Nitinol

• Density: 6.45gms/cc
• Melting Temperature: 1240-1310° C
• Resistivity (hi-temp state): 82 µohm-cm
• Resistivity (lo-temp state): 76 µohm-cm
• Thermal Conductivity: 0.1 W/cm-° C
• Heat Capacity: 0.077 cal/gm-° C
• Latent Heat: 5.78 cal/gm; 24.2 J/gm
Mechanical Properties of Nitinol
• Ultimate Tensile Strength: 754 - 960 Mpa
• Typical Elongation to Fracture: 15.5%
• Typical Yield Strength (hi-temp): 560 MPa,
• Typical Yield Strength (lo-temp): 100 MPa,
• Approximate Elastic Modulus (hi-tem): 75 GPa,
• Approximate Elastic Modulus (low-temp): 28
Gpa,
• Approximate Poisson's Ratio: 0.3
Operational conditions
Pulling starts at 68o C
Pulling finishes at 78o C
Relaxation starts at 52o C
Relaxation finishes at 42o C
Effective transition temperature at 70o
C
 Conclusion .
Method of energy conservation.
Re-utilization of the exhaust
temperature.
Increasing the overall efficiency of the
plant.