New

Scientific
Ideas
~Ishaan, Yuli, Seerat
& Raageshwori
 INTRODUCTION
Old scholars like Aristotle, Ptolemy and Galen started being
questioned by the new thinkers in society.
People believed that the Earth was the center of the
universe since God created it.
Another lie that the believed was that the Earth was flat and
at sometime you might just fall off it.
All these were because the catholic church told them it
was.
Some people went against the church and most of them
ended up getting consequences.
Many people together created and made what we have
today!
 A Scientific Revolution
Nicolaus Copernicus
-Polish Scientist; Studied
at the University of Krakow
-Started questioning old
beliefs
-Believed that the earth
was round and that it
rotated on its axis around
the sun which was in the
center of the universe
-Died in 1543
Tycho Brahe
-Born in 1546
-Danish Astronomer
-Studied planetary
movements
-Set up observatory
-Made a star catalog
-Johannes Kepler was his
assistant
JONNANES KEPLER
-German astronomer and
mathematician
-Used Brahe’s data and
used mathematician
-Proved that planets move
in oval paths called
ellipses
-Proved that planets move
faster when they get
closer to the sun
 Challenging the Church.

Kepler challenged the GALILEO GALILEI

teaching of academic and He was a Catholic who faced
religious leaders. problems with the catholic
Protestant but however did church.
not face problems with the 1609 he built his own and the
Catholic Church. first telescope. He observed
the night skies.
Discovery of moons circling a
planet. Convincing him that the
Copernican theory was correct.
1632 published his new ideas.
His ideas went against the
catholic church.
It made the church’s position
bad
Pope Urban VIII demanded him
to come to Rome for trail.
Galileo got tortured and
threaned.
He gave up and was forced to
recant his words.
However he still continued his
work.
Started to experiment things.
Found out the laws of physics.
One these laws included the
law of inertia.
This law is the law about an
object being in a straight line or
rest will not move unless force
is put on to it.
 New ways of Thinking.
Francis Bacon
English philosopher
Claimed that ideas based
only on tradition or unproven
facts should be removed.
Believed that truth only
came from evidence.
Helped develop the
scientific method.
This method made up several
processes.
The scientific method
process
Began with careful
observations of facts
Tries to find hypothesis to
explain observation
Then test the hypothesis
under all conditions
If the repeated experiment
does prove the hypothesis it
is a scientific law.
Rene’ Descartes
French philosopher and
mathematician
Believed that truth much be
reached by reason
Saw mathematics as a clear model
for clear and certain knowledge.
1637 published his book
“Discourse on method”
He published this book to
explain his philosophy.
In this book Descartes began to
doubt everything except his own
existence.
He believed he had found one the
truth in the saying “I think,
therefore I am