Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Why Usability
Usability is been identified as one of the top ten barriers in Healthcare IT adoption and is even more applicable for emerging markets due to factors like IT skills, Cost Factors, Maintenance, varied cultures etc., Usability is been often cited as major reason of frustration and resistance among healthcare professionals. Health Care IT is more susceptible to lack of usability due to gestation period this sector is undergoing. A usable Health Care system can substantially improvise Clinical Efficiencies in terms of adoption, support costs, training, learning curves, cognitive loads etc., Lack of Usability impacts user fatigue, error rates, user satisfaction ratings. Features and technological brilliance is ignored by users due to lack of usability and resulting frustration. Proven Usability Silver Bullet a.ka. guidelines and substantial usability implementation evidence yet to emerge for healthcare IT sector. As such, no proven usability Silver Bullet exists in Healthcare IT and will have to be researched from case to case. Research in emerged markets have been pointing out at the need of structured usability methodology for Health Care IT
What is Usability
Usability is effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which specific users can achieve a specific set of tasks in a particular environment The important thing is to remember that usability is about people. It is about designing THINGS so that people can use them easily. It is NOT about training people to cope with badly designed things. Usability is a scientific and structured methodology based upon Human Factors and Ergonomics, Cognitive Psychology, etc., collectively known as User Centered Design or UCD Usability is the end result of following the User Centered Design methodology through out the design process
Measurable Usability
Claiming that we did Usability Analysis and Testing may not be sufficient in ensuring measurability factor of Usability. Usability has to be backed up, validated and weighted with triangulation of Quantitative and Qualitative measures and metrics. Usability success factors are solely dependant on quantifying the amount and percentages of Usability implementations and realization. Triangulation is a proven method of claiming valid usability and indeed only way of ensuring successful Usability.
Summative Testing
Conducted at the end of development Used to validate that a product has accomplished intended goals Used in evaluating complete product
Types of Testing
Low Fidelity prototype testing High Fidelity prototype testing End User Testing-Live Site
Testing Modes
Laboratory testing Remote testing Live Site testing
Expectancy Test- Evaluate initial mental models Performance Test-Navigation Design Visual Affordance Test- Affordance, Aesthetics and Ergonomics
Free Exploration test-Identifies associated learning curves for first time users, may provide valuable data for navigation design and support systems Eye Tracking-Identifies key focal points and scanning patterns on the presentation layers. Can be a valuable tool while designing mission critical, and information dense applications Performance Test-Organization of content, Navigation Design, Layout, Task Flow, Controls and Content
Ethnography/Field Studies
Field Research and is a continuous research activity. Helps in identifying social, cultural, geographical and market impacts. Not to be confused with Usability Analysis and or Testing. Ethnography is a Human Factors discipline and is derived from Anthropology and Social Sciences. Forms the basis for wide array of social and cognitive researches Provides basis and validity for UCD methodologies Data derived can help in identifying appropriate conceptual models as per the criteria Suitable for research groups and long term and continuous Human Factors data collection
Laboratory Testing
Moderated testing and Un Moderated testing Closed door or one way see through window Allows facilitator to interact with participant and clarify test related details Helpful while testing new and highly confidential concepts, will enable to control what data flows out of the floor May not be appropriate for small scale testing and is not an effective replacement for field testing To be chosen carefully considering un-natural environment for the participants and cost.
Remote Testing
Moderated and Un Moderated Testing Helpful when users are spread across the globe Helps in observing users in their natural environments Data collections, analysis, logs become easier Facilitates remote observers to join from various locations Multiple teams can participate and collect logs and observations Scenarios and Tasks can pushed remotely Tools like Morae can automatically collect various parameters like task completion rates, task failures, success ratios etc.,
Field Testing
TBD