SELECTION OF PRINTING TYPE FOR A PARTICULAR END PRODUCT

ISHITA JAIN 080-179 DFT-5

PRINTING
y Process for reproducing text and image, typically with

ink on paper using a printing press. y Carried out as a large-scale industrial process, and is an essential part of publishing and transaction printing. y On a printed fabric, the outline of a design is sharply defined on the outer side. y The design does not penetrate to the back of the cloth. However, the design may show up on the reverse side of transparently thin fabrics.

TYPES OF PRINTING
y Block Printing y Roller Printing y Stencil Printing y Screen Printing-rotary & flat bed
y Transfer Printing

y Digital Printing-a new style y Lithography y Offset lithography

STYLES OF PRINTING
y Direct Styley It can be done on white or a coloured fabric. If done on

coloured fabric, it is known as overprinting. y Disharge Style y The fabric is dyed in piece and then it is printed with a chemical that destroys the colour in the designed areas.
y Resist Style y Resist paste is imprinted on the fabric and then it is

dyed. The dye affects only those parts that are not covered by the resist paste

DIGITAL PRINTING
y Reproduction of digital images on physical surface, such as y y y y y

common or photographic paper, film, cloth, plastic, etc. Ink does not absorb into the paper, as does conventional Ink, but forms a layer on the surface. Requires less waste in terms of chemicals used and paper wasted in set up. Excellent for rapid prototyping, or small print runs. Good for four-color jobs that are short-run and that need to be turned around in less than two days. It tends to be limited in its choices of color and paper.

LETTERPRESS PRINTING
y It uses images on the plate that are slightly raised from the

surface (like a rubber stamp). y It is a direct printing method in that the inked plate applies the image directly to the substrate. y Fast diminishing printing method. .

y It is still used for publishing a few small town newspapers,

several types of labels, packaging materials, and some narrow web printing y The types of products that can be finished using letterpress equipment include embossed business cards and government documents, die-cut labels and folders, numbered tickets and membership cards, perforated mailers, and foil stamped letterheads and invitations

EMBOSS PRINTING
y Makes an impression into thick paper over printed type or a

design. The impression may be concave (rounded inward like a bowl) or convex (curved outward, like the exterior of a sphere or circle). y Can be applied to textiles as non- wovens to get better finished products as sanitary napkins, diapers, tissue paper and others. y Used with foil stamping which when embossed with foil is known as combination stamping or combo stamping. Most types of paper and boards can be embossed and there are no restrictions on size.

OFFSET LITHOGRAPHY PRINTINg

y Popular printing method offered y Used to print any variety of different textured materials, this

process uses ink economically and requires little time to set up the press. y It is used for almost all printing on paper, including newspapers, magazines, brochures, etc. The paper products that are inserted into CD jewel cases are printed using the offset technique, as are almost all alternative cardboard packaging materials.

THERMOGRAPHY PRINTING
y Print finishing process that produces a raised image. y This process dusts a previously printed image with a powder

y y y y y

before the image's ink has been allowed to dry. This process is mainly used for stationery. It is also known as imitation engraving. Faster than engraving and it is less expensive. Can add value to many ordinary print applications. Letterheads, greeting cards, invitations, business cards, marketing applications, announcements, and envelopes. can make the appearance of many print applications more distinctive, providing a customized appearance.

BLOCK PRINTING
y Block Printing is a very old technique of Rajasthan &

Gujarat. It is used for a variety of end products. y It is used mostly for designs on bed sheets and Indian garments e.g.. kurtas and cotton sarees, wall hangings, religious purposes. y It is used extensively.

DUPLEX & BURNOUT PRINTING

y Duplex- Used for fabrics where both sides are identical. y Burnout- used for fabrics where two different types of

yarns are blended to make a fabric

SCREEN PRINTING
y Often used for non-flat goods y Best equipped to print on items like mugs, clothing, ring

binders, bumper stickers or billboards.

y Very versatile and it is often the only printing process capable

of handling certain applications.

y Can be performed on almost any type of material including

paper, glass, fabric, plastic, wood, and metal. y Products as varied as signs, posters, circuit boards, mugs, clothing, and soft drink bottles can be printed y Very useful when an image needs to be wrapped around an object or when images need to be printed onto oddly shaped manufactured objects.

y Clothing y Textile fabric y Product labels y Printed electronics, including circuit board printing y Thick film technology y Balloons y Medical devices y Snowboard graphics y Signs and displays y Semiconducting

GRAVURE PRINTING
y Expensive but high quality printing technique that uses

direct contact between an etched copper plate and the paper. y Print high quality, large volume materials such as brochures, magazines, annual reports and mail order catalogues. y Used for many packaging applications, magazines, and pressure sensitive labels. y Gravure is the preferred method of producing magazines and catalogs that have large circulations. "National Geographic" magazine.

ELECTROSTATIC PRINTING
y Printing of geographic maps. y With the advancement in technology and higher speed, the

machines are also being used to print small books. y Electrostatic printers are used for short run printing as they are faster and also do not cost much. y Electrostatic printers are widely used in different industries for short run printing. They are popular for photocopying jobs both black & white and colored. These printers are faster than inkjet printers

FLOCK PRINTING
y Used to print variety of small prints on fabric such as

dots and figures especially on light weight or sheer fabric.

PRINTING-Dyes and Pigments

y The Dyes mostly include vat, reactive, naphthol and

disperse colours which have good fastness properties. y The pigments, are also used. These colours are fixed to the fiber through resins that are very resistant to laundering or drycleaning. y Pigments are among the fastest known colours and are effective for light to medium shades

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