Electric tariff

Electric tariff

 Filled

by each electric company and approved in its filed form or as modified after rate hearing by the regulatory body  Each tariff has two sections :
rules and regulations conditions under which a utility will supply power to customer (billing practices, ROW, metering, pf) rate schedules the prices for electric service to different classes of customer (usually residential, commercial, industrial, street/area lighting)

Rate structure elements

 kilowatt demand (KW)  energy (kWh)  the

power factor  the load factor also affects the utility bill (ratio between average and peak of KW demand)  a fuel or energy adjustment charge

Rate forms

block rate: the rate for the first KW and KWH block is billed at the higher rate. Usually not more that 4 blocks. >> When we use? as a customers consumption increased, the relative cost to provide the electric service decreased

 Declining

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Is it possible in Indonesia use that kind of rate?

Reality

Kenaikan harga BBM menyebabkan pelanggan besar (Industri/Bisnis) mengalihkan beban dari pembangkit sendiri ke sumber listrik PLN. Kenaikan beban oleh karena peralihan beban Industri/Bisnis menyebabkan beban pembangkit PLN meningkat, terutama pada waktu beban puncak. Kenaikan beban memaksa PLN harus mengoperasikan seluruh pembangkit agar tidak padam, termasuk harus mengoperasikan pembangkit berbahan bakar minyak dan kurang efisien. Kebutuhan BBM untuk operasional pembangkit PLN meningkat sehingga biaya produksi per kWh meningkat walaupun harga beli BBM oleh PLN masih harga subsidi.

Rate forms

Demand

energy rates >> Base on the ratio between the average KW and peak KW and KWh The larger the ratio and the more KWh are billed in the lowest energy block the lower a power bill becomes

Rate forms
 Seasonal rates

: to discourage wasteful use of electricity in the peak seasons. Also called as ratchet clause (ketentuan yg merugikan/ perangkap) encourage a large customer to use demand control or load management techniques during the peak season. rates : the charge for a KW or KWh is less for time periods other than peak for the utility. Utility has on peak, off peak , shoulder and weekend rates.

 Time-Of-Day/ Time-Of-Use

an example

in Indonesia
MW

TOTAL

RUMAH T

INDUSTRI

BISNIS

PUBLIK 00 06 12 18 WBP JAM 22 24

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Rate forms

 Interruptible

rates : a rate based on the premise that the utility turns off the electric supply to a facility under predetermined circumstance or agreement  Curtailable rates : the customer makes predetermined, voluntary load reductions upon request by the utility.
Interruptible rates < Curtailable rates
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Proposed electric rate structures

 Flat

rates all users pay the same for all kilowatthours used  Marginal rates (Marginal Cost Pricing/MCP) charge each customer based on the actual added cost  Lifeline rates lower bills of low users of electricity who are assume to have low income  Inverted rates the unit cost would rise with higher usage

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Calculating the cost of electricity

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Riders

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calculations

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