WHY DCS ?

DCS stands for Distributed Control System which provides an Automation platform For controlling the plant process & Control Systems with optimum accuracy & efficiency. Incorporating DCS enables remote communication with all the field devices from the Control Room. The DCS has got processors which can process the signals really fast & can command the field devices i.e. Control Valves, Pneumatic Dampers, VFD - Motors , Pump s Scoop Control , Burners etc. to control the various process parameters viz. Press . , Temp . , Flow, Level, Load, Speed / Frequency etc.

DISTRIBUTION
Functional Distribution. Geographic Distribution.

SIGNAL TYPES

AI DO
Signal: 4-20 mA

AO
Control Valves Scoop Control Motors-VFD Dampers Signal: 0-24 V Limit S/W Pressure S/W Torque S/W ON-OFF Valves

DI
Signal: 024 V Solenoid V/V ON-OFF Valves ON-OFF Dampers RELAYS-TRIP Coils

Signal: 4-20 mA Press. Transmitters Level Transmitters

Flow Transmitters RTD & Thermocouple LVDT-Position T/X AI - MODULE

AO - MODULE

DI - MODULE

DO - MODULE

Input channels Input channels

Input channels

Input channels

Source: ABB-DCS / DPL-300 MW

DCS - Configuration

Therefore as expected we have 4 basic input & output [I/O] modules called; AI Modules 4-20 mA AO -- Modules 4-20 mA DI Modules 0-24V DO Modules 0-24V

CI Module: Comm. Interface which is the media of communication b/w IO Modules & the Controller.

CI-MASTER: with Controller. CI- SLAVE: with the I/O modules.

Controller: AC 800 M is the controller with microprocessor PM 864 [speed 96MHz / 32 Mb RAM].

Profibus: We have a process field bus connection b/w the I/O Modules & the Controller. Further the Controllers are connected to the Engineering Station & Operating Source: ABB-DCS / DPL-300 MW

DCS An Overview
FIELBUS COMMUNICATION CI - SLAVE AI / AO / DI / DO RACK

CI - SLAVE AI / AO / DI / DO RACK

CI - SLAVE
AI / AO / DI / DO RACK

CI - MASTER

Source: ABB-DCS / DPL-300 MW

Panel Configuration of a Typical DCS

Front View: showing the Controllers, Ethernet Switches & The Field Bus.

Rear View: showing the I/O Modules, the Power Distribution & JB connections.

DCS - Architecture

Source: ABB-DCS / DPL-300 MW

VARIOUS CONTROL SYSTEMS IN A POWER PLANT

MAJOR BOILER CONTROL LOOPS CONTROL LOOPS 1. Furnace Draft Control Loop. Loop. 2. 3-Element Control Loop. Loop. 3. Fuel Flow Control Loop. Control Loop. 4. Air Flow Control Loop. Control Loop. 5. De-Aerator Level Control Loop. Loop. 6. De-Aerator Pressure Control Loop.

MAJOR TURBINE

1. Speed/Frequency Control

2. Hotwell Level Control

3. Gland Sealing Press.

4. Lube Oil Control Temp

5. Turbine Vacuum Control

De-Aerator Level Control

Binary Signals 0 & 1 4-20 mA as AI

Binary Signals 0 & 1 4-20 mA as AO

Level T / X Deaerator Level Control Valve

A / D Converter

D / A Converter

Furnace Draft Control Loop

ID Fan Damper

De-Aerator Pressure Control Loop

Press . T / X

Pressure Control Valve

Superheated Steam Temp. Control Loop

Thermocouple

Spray Control Val

3 ELEMENT DRUM LEVEL CONTROL LOOP

Combustion Control Loop Control Loop

Fuel Flow

Press. T/X

Thermocouple

VFD Drag Chain Feeders

Combustion Control Loop Air Flow Control Loop

Hotwell Level Control Loop

Scoop Control

Level T / X Hotwell Control Valve

PRDS - Pressure Control Loop

Press. T/X

Press. Reducing Valve

PRDS Temp. Control Loop

Thermocouple/RTD Spray Control Valve

Speed/Frequency Control Loop

WOODWARD 505 E

FIELD

DCS

FIELD

Remote SP

WOODWARD 505 E Interlocks I Auto/Manual Stn.

A /M

AI
Press. T/X.

AO AO- Module

Pr

AIModule

DRUM-LEVEL

DRUM-PRESS. PT FT

STEAM-FLOW FT

FEED-FLOW

FIELD

LT-A

LT-B

1 out of 2 Logic

+ C-SP
1/3 E

AI- CARD

R-SP

MV PID

PID

MV

DCS AO- CARD 4-20 mA

I/P

I /P

FIELD 100 % Control Valve

30 % Control Valve

LOAD [MW] Main Steam Pr. Extraction Pr.

A/M

Speed Sensor AIModule

AO- Module

Turbine Control Valve

Combustion Control Loop Flow Control Loop

Fuel

FSpeed

F -

F +

Trip Speed

A/M

VFD Drag Chain Feeders