FLOORING

FLOORING
A permanent covering of a floor Any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface

FUNCTIONS OF FLOOR
BASE COURSE- imparts strength and stability FLOOR COVERING- intended to provide hard, clean, smooth, impressive surface

SELECTION OF FLOORS
GROUND FLOOR
INITIAL COST APPEARANCE DURABILITY CLEANLINESS THERMAL INSULATION DAMPNESS INDENTATION NOISELESSNESS MAINTANENCE FIRE RESISTANCE

SELECTION OF FLOORS
BASEMENT FLOOR
INITIAL COST VENTILATION AVAILABLE DRAINAGE OF WATER FROM THE FLOOR GROUND WATER LEVEL FIRE RESISTANCE

SELECTION OF FLOORS
UPPER FLOORS
INITIAL COST FLOOR LOAD TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONS PLAN OF BUILDING FUNCTION OF THE BUILDING SOUND INSULATION TYPE OF CEILING WEARING SURFACE WEIGHT AND POSITION OF FLOORS FIRE RESISTANCE

MATERIALS USED
STONE FLOORING BRICK FLOORING TERRAZZO FLOORING MOSAIC FLOORING TILED FLOORING ASPHALT FLOORING LINOLEUM FLOORING CORK FLOORING GLASS FLOORING P.V.C. (OR) PLASTIC FLOORING MARBLE FLOORING TIMBER FLOORING

STONE FLOORING
30CMX30CM 45CMX45CM 60CMX60CM Thickness of 2cm to 4cm. A Layer of lime concrete of thickness 10cm and 15cm. The stone floor with slope 1 in 40 with cement motar at 1:3 is laid over this base.

STONE FLOORING

STONE FLOORING

BRICK FLOORING
Usually used in warehouses, stores and godowns. Cheap construction May be laid flat or on the edge. Arranged in herring bone pattern or at right angles to wall. Steps involved in construction: i) excavation ii) levelling of earth iii) laying of rubble iv) laying of lime concrete v) laying of bricks

BRICK FLOORING

BRICK FLOORING

TERRAZZO FLOORING
Concrete flooring with marble chips as aggregate. Mix of 1:2 or 1:3 Finish of 10mm thickness Decorative appearance Excellent wear-resisting properties

TERRAZZO FLOORING

TERRAZZO FLOORING

TERRAZZO FLOORING

MOSAIC FLOORING
Steps involved in construction: i) Laying of hard concrete base ii) Laying of 1:2 cement mortar, 2cm thick iii) Arrangement of broken tiles iv) Filling coloured marble between tiles v) Sprinkling coloured cement on top vi) Rolling of surface to even the surface

MOSAIC FLOORING

MOSAIC FLOORING

MOSAIC FLOORING

MOSAIC FLOORING

TILED FLOORING
Used in residential buildings, hotels and other public buildings Tiles of clay or cement concrete are used Constructed in very short time Pleasing appearance Good durability

TILED FLOORING

TILED FLOORING

TILED FLOORING

TIMBER FLOORING
Should have concrete base or rest on joints spanning across dwarf walls Not preferred for ground floors Can be provided as: i) Strip flooring ii) Planked flooring iii) Wooden block flooring

TIMBER FLOORING

TIMBER FLOORING

TIMBER FLOORING

P.V.C. (OR) PLASTIC FLOORING

Recent development Laid similar to clay or cement tiles Hard and durable Main defect: * Slippery Not recommended on wooden base

PLASTIC FLOORING

PLASTIC FLOORING

PLASTIC FLOORING

ASPHALT FLOORING
Two types: * Using asphalt tiles * Using mastic asphalt Used to cover wooden or concrete floors Resilient, non-absorbent, moisture proof and cheap Used in schools, offices, hospitals etc.

ASPHALT FLOORING

ASPHALT FLOORING

LINOLEUM FLOORING
Rolls of 2m or 4m width and 2mm to 2.5mm thickness Laid over concrete or wooden floors Fixed to sub-floor by adhesives Should not be kept wet for a long time Used in residential and public buildings

LINOLEUM FLOORING

LINOLEUM FLOORING

LINOLEUM FLOORING

CORK FLOORING
Outer bark of cork oak tree manufactured as tiles and rolls 10cmx10cm, 30cmX90cm Thickness of 5mm to 15mm Laying is similar to linoleum covering Good heat insulation qualities, noiseless Used in libraries, churches, studios

CORK FLOORING

CORK FLOORING

CORK FLOORING

CORK FLOORING

GLASS FLOORING
Structural glass Thickness of 10mm to 30mm Framework used should be spaced closely Used for special purposes, as in dancing halls, or decorative purposes Not used as a common floor

GLASS FLOORING

GLASS FLOORING

GLASS FLOORING

GLASS FLOORING

CARPET FLOOR
Carpet stretches from wall-to-wall Carpet is a textile floor covering consisting of an upper layer of "pile" attached to a backing Pile is generally either made from wool or a manmade fiber such as polypropylene Carpet types i) Woven ii) Needle felt iii) Knotted iv) Tufted

CARPET FLOOR

CARPET FLOOR

CARPET FLOOR

GRANOLOTHIC FLOORING
Concrete flooring with granolithic floor finish Layer thickness, 1.25cm to 4cm Made with tough quality aggregate in rich concrete of 1:1:2 Has all advantages of concrete flooring

GRANOLITHIC FLOORING