Saint Michaels Convent School

Prepared by : Samra Taufiq

Spreadsheet Introduction

Features in Spreadsheets

It is made up of columns and rows; each row is identified by a number and each column is identified with a letter (or letters) Each cell is identified by its column id and row id e.g. A4, ET300 etc. A cell may contain a label (text entry such as MEAN VALUE) or a value (which can be a number, a date, a formula, result of a calculation, or currency)

Features in Spreadsheets

The cursor identifies the current cell selected; it is possible to click on to a cell and a + sign appears in the bottom right hand corner; by dragging the formula down it is possible to replicate it in other cells For example
A 1 2 3 4 5 15 11 7 9 10 B 3 5 7 9 11 C = (A1 * B1)

Features (contd)

By selecting cell C1 and dragging the formula down to C5 the following formulae will be replicated in C2 to C5: (A2*B2), (A3*B3), (A4*B4) and (A5*B5) . Formulas are used to represent a mathematical function e.g. = (C5 * D5) * 100 = A5 + B5 + C5+ D5

Features (contd)

Functions allow computations to take place e.g. SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN e.g. the second formula above could be written as = SUM(A5:D5) It is also possible to use mathematical/logical expressions within cells e.g. IF G5 > 100 THEN Y ELSE N

Features (contd)

It is also possible to create charts and graphs from spreadsheets (e.g. using a chart wizard). For example:
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rainfall 10 11 11.5 9 12 B Temperature 17 19 24 20 21

Cells A1 to A13 are highlighted and the first chart is created. Then cells B1 to B13 are selected and the second chart created. Other aspects such as colours, labels, etc. are then added.

Example (Practice Question)

A 1 Vehicle ID B Kilometres C Litres D Kilometres / Litres 12.0 7.4 15.0 16.7 10.0 12.1 12.2 16.7

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

A B C D E F

150 200 300 250 100 400

12.5 27 20 15 10 30 Average km/l Maximum km/l

Example (Practice Question)

Formula in D2 = (B2/ C2 ) Apply this Formula from D3 to D7 Formula in D8(Find Average ) can be done in three ways = AVERAGE(C2:C7) or = SUM(C2:C7)/6 or =(C2+C3+C4+C5+C6+C7)/6 Formula in D9 to find maximum value in column is = MAX(C2:C7)

Task 2

Open the spreadsheet . Place two numbers of your choice in cells B1 and B2. - B4, the sum of the two numbers - B5, the difference between the two numbers - B6, the product of the two numbers - B7, the contents of cell B1 divided by the contents of cell B2. - B8, the contents of cell B1 to the power of the contents of cell B2. -

Task 3

Make a Spreadsheet model

- Total number of hours worked by all of these five people. - The average number of hours worked per person - The maximum number of hours worked by any of these five people. - The minimum number of hours worked by any of these five people.
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Name David Watson Graham Brown John Reeves Brain Sargent Dan Bray Total Average Minimum Maximum Hours 26 20 17 4 13 Rate of Pay B $ 12.80

Task 4

John Reeves did an extra four hours work. Change the spreadsheet that you created in Task 3 to show the new figures. The manager wants to see the average number of hours worked displayed as: - an integer value. - rounded to the nearest whole hour.

Task 5

Open up the spreadsheet. Write the job types, the number of employees with that job type and the percentage of employee with that job type. Create an appropriate graph or chart to show the number of employees with that job type.
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Job Title Director Engineer Analyst Sales Programmer Clerical B Number of Staff C Percentage 3 0.0483871 12 0.1935 4 0.0645 16 0.2580 9 0.1451 13 0.2096 57

Task 5 (contd)
Select two columns A & B Select Insert Tab and click on Column. Select the first 2D column. The following chart appears.

Number of Staff
18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Director Engineer Analyst Sales Programmer Clerical Number of Staff

Task 5 (contd)
Now highlight the columns Job Title & Percentage . Click on Pie chart and select 2-D Pie

Percentage
Director Engineer Analyst Sales Programmer Clerical

Task 6

A sports shop owner uses a spreadsheet to calculate his profits. This is part of spreadsheet.
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 Item Kino Trainer Goalagame Boots Melchester Rover Shirts IOM Football Beckett Shinpad B Cost Price $40 $38 $65 $42 $ 32 C Selling Price $45 $44 $78 $51 $40 D Profit per Item $5 $6 $13 $9 $8 E Number in Stock 126 145 104 56 101

Task 6 (contd)
(a) (b) (c) (d)

Give the cell reference to the cell that contains 126 Give the cell reference to the cell that contains text data. Write the formula which should go in cell D2 When the spreadsheet was created the similar formula had to go in cells D3 to D6. Describe how to enter these formulas without typing them.

(e) (f)

How many rows are shown in the spreadsheet. The spreadsheet is an example of financial model. Give two examples of computer models other than this.

Task 6 (Solution)
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

E2 One of A1:A6 , A1: E1 = (C2 B2) Copy D2, Highlight D3: D6 , Click Paste 6 Scientific Models, Weather models nuclear

reactors, traffic light simulation, car crash models , mathematical models etc.

How Sorting is done (Task 6)

Highlight all data (1) Choose column E to sort (1) OR Click on any cell in column E(1) Select sort descending/Z to A button (1)

The spreadsheets software would allow the result to be easily compared using Graph / Chart

Task 7

A company has purchased some new equipment. The value of each type of equipment is stored in a spreadsheet.
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total : Equipment in Stock Computers Office Furniture Cupboards Video Projectors Telephones B C D E F Value in Value in Value in Value in Value in 2005 ($) 2007 ($) 2009 ($) 2011 ($) 2013 ($) 80000 24000 18400 36800 6400 40000 20000

Task 7 (Questions)
(a) Every two years the value of each type of

equipment is halved. What formulae are in cells C2 and D2? (b) Explain how you would use the spreadsheet to predict the values for years 2008 and 2010. (c) What formula needs to be placed in B8 to find the total equipment value for 2005?

Task 7 (Solution)
(a) B2/2 or B2*0.5 and C2/2 or C2*0.5 Or B2/2 or B2*0.5 and B2/4 or B2*0.25 (b) - draw graph - read off values for years 2008 and 2010 - add two extra columns in the spreadsheet - estimate values using new formulae (c ) SUM(B2:B6) B8=SUM(B2:B6) OR (B2+B3+B4+B5+B6) B8=(B2+B3+B4+B5+B6)

Formulas used in Spreadsheets

These are examples of cells . Use the cells given in question Sum = Sum(D2: D7) Difference = D3-D2 Product = D3 * D2 (* is always used instead of x) Division = D3 / D2 (/ is always used instead of
division symbol)

Average Percentage Minimum Maximum Power

= Sum(D2:D7) / Total number = Sum(D2)* 100 / Number = Min(D2: D7) = Max (D2 : D7) = Power ( number, power)