Production Technology of Hybrid Maize

Types of Hybrid
Single cross hybrid Three way cross hybrid Double cross hybrid

BIL-28

BIL-29

Single Cross Hybrid

Types of hybrid maize

BARI Hybrid maize-3

Double cross hybrid

X
BIL-74 BIL-75

F1 X
BIL-76

Three way cross

BARI Hybrid Maize- 1

BML-1

Barnali

Very Strong Anthocyanin colour

Medium Anthocyanin colour

Non Conventional Hybrid

Strong Anthocyanin colour

BARI Hybrid Maize-4

Varieties
Commonly cultivated hybrids : Pacific 11, Pacific 60, Pacific 983, Pacific 984, Pacific 988, 900 M, 900M Gold, 927K, NK40, NK 46, Pinacle, Pioneer 3056, Mukta, Uttaran 2, BARI Hybrid Maize 3, BARI Hybrid Maize 5, BARI Hybrid Maize 7, BARI Hybrid Maize 9 etc.

Pacific 11

BARI Hybrid Maize 3

BARI Hybrid Maize 5

BHM- 5 Tryptophan : Lysine Protein : : 0.11 % 0.475 % 11.00 %

Normal Maize 0.05 % 0.225 % 9.00 %

Helpful for animal feed and could alleviate malnutrition

Soils
y Well-drained fertile soils. y High & medium high land y Level and uniform fields. y Except heavy clay, saline & acid soil. Good in loamy soil, high in organic matter
y pH from 5.0 - 8.0, but 6.0 - 7.0 is

optimum.

Field preparati n and plantin

y Prepare maize fields few weeks pri r to plantin . y Avoid risky environmental conditions such as excessively cool or hot temperatures.

y Optimum time of plantin

in rabi from Nov. to mid Dec. in kharif I from mid Feb. to end of Mar. and in kharif II from mid July to mid Au .

Maize can be sown round the year

Apr-May (2%) Feb-Mar (8%)

Aug- ep (1%)

Oct-Nov (51%) A re a c o ve re d u n de r diffe re n t so win g time

Dec-Jan (38%)

Eco ogy
y Fo

ee ge

at o :

Opt te p. 18-21oC eat y e ce < 13oC o Fa < 10 C

y Co wet weat e afte p a t g favo t e eve op e t of pat oge .

Maize seedling growing at low temperatures

Damage due to high temperatures and high radiation

Failed to germinate due to surface crust

Seed

y Seed e v es depending n e grain size, seed viability and the purpose of growing. y For small-grain var. 2 -22 kg/ha, for medium grain 2 -25 kg/ha large grained 25-30 kg/ha

Fertilizer rate for Hybrid

Name of the fertilizers Urea TSP MP Gypsum Zinc Sulphate Boric Acid
Org. Fertilizer Lime* *Use when acidity increas

Amount (Kg/ha)
544 247 200 208 14 6 5000-5500 2000

Farmer fertilizers rate vs recommended rate

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Urea TSP MP Gypsum Zinc Boron

Some typical deficiency symptoms

Farmer`s field No Lime & No Boron

Lime t/ha Boron = 2 kg/ha

=2

Lime = 2 t/ha Boron = 2 kg/ha

Farmer s field Lime = 0 t/ha Boron = 0 kg/ha

Sowing at 3-5 cm depth

20 cm

60 cm

Thinning
y Within tw w k germination or when the eedlings are about cm tall. y Care should be taken not to disturb standing plants at the time of thinning operation.

Weed

nt l
hen seedlings a e about 2

y Fi st eeding eeks ld.

y Another 2-3 eeding ay be required n the degree eed depending in estati ns.

No d ng (6 4% ) o d ng (40 5% )

On d ng (53 2% )

Earthing Up at 8-10 Leaf Stage

Fertili er

li ti
ld ed

y One t ird f N nd t er fertili ers s e lied t t e time f seed reparati n; y One t ird at fl ral initiati n 8-1 leaf stage); and y Rest One t ird en male fl r ne eek ef re silking

nee ei

t/

er is isi le

1st top dress of urea at -1 leaf stage

2nd top dress of urea when male flower is isible

Table . N trient absorption of ai e ring a growing season (%)

Plant First food days N P K 4 9 44 4 econd Third Fourth Last days days days 0 days 00 00 00 Total

source: potash institute of North America

Top left: variable N stress due to inherent differences in soil texture Top right: variable N stress due to crop management. This depletion crop will result in non-uniform stress as plant stand is poor in parts of the field. Right: Effect of N stress on cob size.

Good managed field left and N-deficient field right

N-deficiency symptom at flowering

Water
Drought

anagement

y Three stages, i.e.- i earl growth stage when plant stand are established), ii) flowering and iii) grain filling stage, are considered critical stages for mai e plant to drought. y Decrease in water availabilit to permanent wilting point during i) preflowering, ii) flowering and iii) post flowering stages reduced grain ield b , 0 and , respectivel .

Maize field affected by drought showing leaf rolling symptom

Maize field affected by drought showing poor plant stand

3- leaf stage

-1 leaf stage

Irrigation at different stages

Visible of male flower Grain filling stage

Intensity of irrigation use by the farmers

Three times irrigation 25%

Two times irrigation 31%

ne time irrigation 13%

No irrigation 16% Four times irrigation 15%

Excess water
y The largest effect observed at early seedling stage followed by knee high stage, tasseling stage, and was least at the milk stage.

Maize field affected by excess water at early stage

Maize field affected by excess water at later stage

Inter-cropping

Maize + Potato

Maize + Red amaranth

Maize + Spinach

Maize + Bean

Cropping pattern
Land type En iroment Cropping Pattern Pre alence in AEZ 4, 11 Medium high land High land Irrigated Ext.: B. aus (Rainfed)-T. Aman-Potato Alt.: Maize (Rainfed)-T.Aman-Potato Ext.: B. aus -Fallow-Mustard Alt.: Maize -Mungbean-Mustard Ext.: B. aus-Fallow-Mustard Alt.: Maize - Fallow-Wheat Ext.: B. aus (Rainfed)-T. aman-Wheat Alt.: Maize (Rainfed)-T.aman-Wheat Ext.: Jute (Rainfed)-T. aman-Wheat Alt.:Mungbean (Rainfed)-T.aman-Maize

Rainfed

3, 4 , 11, 12 3, 4, 11, 12 4

High land

Rainfed

Medium high land Medium high land

Irrigated

Irrigated

Ext. = Existing, Alt.= Alternative

Insect cont ol
y Fifteen insects h ve been noted to occu in B n l desh in maize owin season. y Key insects a e : ) cut-worms, ) stem borer; ) seedlin ma ot; ) corn earworm; and ) maize aphid.

Affected seedling Cutworm

Young cutworms affected maize seedlings

Pest o t ol
y Crows, para eets , Ja als, L vesto k a d a onstitute the ajor pest problems.

Different Uses Of Maize

As human food

Chapati Making process for human food!

Maize as fodder

BENEFITS

One homeless family of Bogra district, Whose land was only 0.1 acre. He built a tin home from maize profit

BENEFITS

Example: A family of Lalmonirhat district newly restructured brick house from their old tin home through maize profit

Thank You