(Simple version of the presentation) (Simple version of the presentation)

Design and Implementing a 1-to-4 PBX System Using a Microcontroller

Behdad Hosseini University of Isfahan, Iran May 2003

Introduction

Contents
Switching Theory Telephone Switching System About The Phonesets

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Switching Theory
Network Switching We have two major kind of switching:
Circuit Packet

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Telephone Switching System

Definition Types:
Electronic Technology:
Analog Digital

Domain:
GX PBX

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Telephone Switching System: History

Point-to-point phones in 1876 (Bell) Manual Telephone Switching Center Crossbar (Matrix) Telephone Switching Center Automated Central Telephone Switching Analog Telephone Switching System Digital Telephone Switching System Exchange System
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Telephone Switching System: Some Technical Words

Line Trunk Tip & Ring Inbound Signaling Outbound Signaling Conversation Circuit

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Telephone Switching System: GX Connections

Monitor Panel

Phone 1 Phone 2

Line 1 Line 2 GX Switching System Line I &Trunks Another GX Signals

Phone I

Power Data Processing System

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Telephone Switching System: PBX Connections

Operator Monitor Panel

Phone 1 Phone 2

Line 1 Line 2 PBX Switching System Line I

Trunk 1 Trunk 2

GX 1 GX 2

Phone I

Trunk J

GX J

Power Data Processing System

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About The Phonesets

On-hook / Off-hook Voice Dialing Ringing Notifying Tones

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The Project

Contents
Title Behavior Design Considerations Hardware Software Sample Processes

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Title
Design and Implementing a 1-to-4 PBX System Using a Microcontroller. PBX 1-to-4 Microcontroller

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Behavior
Connections Dialing mode Tones Number assignments Services

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Behavior: Connections
Monitor Panel

Phone 1 Phone 2 Phone 3 Phone 4

Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 4 Projects PBX Switching System

Trunk 1

GX 1

Power Data Processing System

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Design Considerations
Modular design
Readability, writablity, debugging Upgrade & development

Circuit switching (analog) Nonblocking system Digital controller (microcontroller from MCS-51TM family) Trunk ring policy (with absence of operator)
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Hardware: Structure
Line 1 Line 2 Trunk 1 Line 3 Line 4

Line Unit

Monitoring Signals

Projects PBX System

Switch Unit

Control Unit

Trunk Unit

Data Signals

Power Supply Unit

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Hardware: Units
Power Supply Unit Line Unit Trunk Unit Switch Unit Control Unit

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Hardware: Some Components

Relays Open collector not gates Opto-couplers

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Hardware: Boards
Power Supply board Line boards Trunk board Conversation Circuit boards Control board

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Control Unit
Control board Line 0&1 board

Line Unit
L0_RNG L0_INTR L0_DTCT L1_RNG L1_INTR L1_DTCT L2_RNG
Line 2&3 board

L0_TIP L0_RING L1_TIP L1_RING

pbx.dsn )Line 0 sheet( pbx.dsn )Line 1 sheet(

L2_INTR L2_DTCT L3_RNG L3_INTR L3_DTCT

L2_TIP L2_RING L3_TIP L3_RING

VCC +18V Ring 1 Ring 2

pbx.dsn )Line 2 sheet( pbx.dsn )Line 3 sheet(

Power Supply Unit

C0_S0 C0_S1 C0_S2 C0_S3 C0_TONE C1_S0 C1_S1 C1_S2 C1_S3 C1_TONE C2_S0 C2_S1 C2_S2 C2_S3 C2_TONE

Switch Unit
Conversation Circuit 0 board

Power Supply board

pbx.dsn (Control sheet)

pbx.dsn )Conversation Ckt 0 sheet(

Conversation Circuit 1 board

pbx.dsn )Conversation Ckt 1 sheet(

pbx.dsn (Power Supply sheet)

Conversation Circuit 2 board

pbx.dsn )Conversation Ckt 2 sheet(

Trunk Unit
T0_CNCT T0_RDTCT
Trunk 0 board

T0_TIP

pbx.dsn )Trunk 0 sheet(

T0_RING

Software: Structure
Line Ports Trunk Ports

Line Hardware Interface Unit

Trunk Hardware Interface Unit

Line Control Unit

Trunk Control Unit

Central Control Unit

Projects Software Architecture

Switch Control Unit

Ring & Tone Generator Unit

Switch Hardware Interface Unit

Switch Ports

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Software: Units
Line Hardware Interface Unit Trunk Hardware Interface Unit Switch Hardware Interface Unit Line Control Unit Trunk Control Unit Switch Control Unit Central Control Unit Ring & Tone Generator Unit
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Software: Considerations
Concurrency State-based routines Event-driven routines

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Software: Phone States

StIdle StDialing StTrunk StTalk StRing StDialTone StInvalidTone StBusyTone StRingbackTone

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EvPutdown

StRingback Tone
EvEOD+EvNoLineRB
EvTalk Accept

EvAllRel EvTalkCancel )EvToneReq(TnNo

)EvToneReq(TnRingback

EvPutdown

StTalk
EvPickup

EvAllRel

EvTalkAccept

EvEOR

StRing
EvConvReq )EvToneReq(TnDial

EvSOR

StIdle
EvPutdown

EvPickup

StDialTone
EvAllRel

EvSOD

StDialing
)EvToneReq(TnNo EvPutdown

EvDigitDialed

EvPutdown

StInvalid Tone
EvAllRel

EvEOD+EvNoInvalid

)EvToneReq(TnInvalid

EvPutdown

StBusy Tone
EvAllRel EvTrunkRel

EvEOD+EvNoLineBusy EvEOD+EvNoTrunkBusy )EvToneReq(TnBusy

EvPutdown

StTrunk

EvEOD+EvNoTrunkOK

Software: Routines
Initialize & Timer ISR routines Timing routines Memory Access routines Hardware Access routines Interfaces routines Controls routines Debugging routines

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Sample Processes
Internal connection External connection

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Summary

Summary
Upgrade trends Suggestions & upgrade plans Thanks!

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