Remaking of Mumbai Federation

www.romf.org

remakingofmumbai@gmail.com

Mayank Gandhi

Critical issues Housing Infrastructure

Governance

Shortage

50,000 families Pavement dwellers & migrants Nil Housing buffer stock

Proposed Rental housing projects in MMR

Self-contained - 160 sq.ft. (15 sqm) carpet Plans all over the region to meet the demand Rental housing

Slums
1.5 mn. families 7.5 mn. people Low rise High density housing No civic services Sub standard living

Slum Redevelopment Authority - SRA

Around 450 slum projects - 250,000 homes. Aiming for a slum-free Mumbai by 2015.

Slums

Infrastructurepresent condition
10-15 km average speed Poor services Crumbling infrastructure

Major INFRASTRUCTURE projects proposed

Metro Free ways/Sea links

Major INFRASTRUCTURE projects proposed

Suburban Monorail

Inner city chaos

5,00,000 families 2.5 mn. people Over 30,000 buildings

Old & dilapidated Dangerous living conditions Poor infrastructure

Need for redevelopmentMumbai over the years

Pre -1940 Over 20,000 buildings built on chawl style for clerks and workers in island city 1949 Bombay Rent control act Post 1950 Removed the incentive for landlords to repair and maintain their buildings High Demand for housing and increase in population and trade in island city 1969 Building repairs & reconstruction act 1976 MHADA act 1986 Amendments in MHADA act Tenant co-operative 70% consent for redevelopment.

Incentive F.S.I to developers 1999 Reconstruction policy

Human & property loss

July 2005 Record rainfall - Major disaster

PPP, JV Sector redev

October 2005 Concept plan submitted to Chief Minister by Lalit Gandhi

2007 State Housing Policy March 2009 Cluster Development policy

Inner city infrastructure

Close to collapse

Building Conditions

Dilapidated

Dangerous

Average living space

40 years - 2,750 minor & major instances of collapses. 750 died 1,600 injured Loss of Properties and Livelihood

On the July 26th , 2005 heavy rains resulted in collapse of 4 buildings and around 100 deaths This has triggered the formation of a citizen centric NGO called the Remaking of Mumbai Federation

Managing Committee - RoMF

President Chairman Secretary
Founder chairman

Justice P N Bhagwati, Ex Chief Justice of India

Darshan Gandhi B.Tech, Civil, IIT - Bombay

MayankGandhi, Activist

Late Shri. Lalit Gandhi, Past President, MCHI

Vice Presidents

Girsh Gokhale Ex Mun. Comm, Mumbai

Y P Trivedi Hon. Rajya Sabha Member

Jt. Coordinator

Padmashree Nana Chudasama World Chairman of GIANTS

Anand Gupta Ex Chairman, BAI

Adolf Tragler Dir, SRS

Master Visionary

Krishan Khanna Founder, i watch

H.H Sri Sri Ravi

Advisory Council

Jt. Secretary
Gurunath Dalvi ( President- Institute of Architects) Vijay Kalantri (Pres- All Indai Assn. of Industries) Mahableshwar Morje ( Gen. Sec- Flat Owners Assn) Shankar Desai ( Past Pres- Builders Assn. of India) Vikas Narayan (Vice Presi-Tenants Assn. of India) Zoeb A Bootwala (Pres. Sir JJ Marg Citizens Wel Assn)/

Narayana Murthy Dr. Vijay Khole Chief Mentor - Ex- VC Mum. Univ Infosys

Dr. Snehalatha Deshmukh Ex- VC Mum Univ

Shashi Prabhu Architect

Dr. P S Rana
Ex Chairman, HUDCO

Treasurers
Vimal Punmiya ( Chairman-All India Biss. Council) Muhammadli Patel (Gen Sec- Fedn.ofAssn of Maha) Shashank Ninawe ( Prof- Raheja College of Archi) S Dharmadhikari ( Pres- Ind. Soc. Structural Eng) Yashwant Dalal (President- Estate Agents Assn.) Vinod Sampat ( Presi- Co-Op-Soc Resi Users & Welfare Assn.)

Sunil Shastri Ex. Cabinet Min.

Kaizer Rangwala Dr. David Fisher Mahender Rangwala Asso, Dynamic Intl Ltd., Vasandani Rome and Los Angeles M square, Illinois London

Coordinator

Permanent invitees

Members
A Jockin (Presi- Natl Slum Dwellers Fed.) Sharad Mahajan (Architect) V.K.J. Rane (Ex. Md.-Ind Rly.Construction)

Ashok Gulati (Realty expert)

Girish Bhagat The EuroIndia Center

Anil Hatkar Lambda Alpha Intl , US

Over 17,000 local members and

Associations
Old Building Landlord Welfare Association Citizen Forum for C Ward Development Federation of Assn. Of Maharashtra Indian Soc of Structural Engineers. The Inst. of Engineers (I) All India Business Council Indian Council of Foreign Trade All India Assn. Of Industries Maharashtra Soc. Welfare Assn. Indian Merchants' Chamber Indian Concrete Institute Mumbai District Co-op Housing Fedn Ltd Estate Agents Assn. Builders Assn. Of India Giants International Flat Owner's Assn. Mumbai University The Indian Institute of Architects Sir J. J. College of Architecture Rizvi College of Architecture

NGOs
Slum Rehabilitation Soc. Tenants Assn. of India

Academic Institutions

International tie-ups
COUNCIL ON TALL BUILDINGS AND URBAN HABITAT (CTBUH) To support RoMF in Remaking Mumbai with Sector-by-Sector redevelopment. The agreement will help to bring together all of the disciplines involved in creating the urban environment on a global basis. RoMF has been appointed as the country leader and will be in a position to bring the best planners, architects, developers & consultants for rejuvenating Mumbai into a world class city.

CTBUH Members
Name of Organisations Arup The Blume Foundation Bovis Lend Lease S.r.I. Davis Langdon LLP DeSimone Consulting Engineers Gale International Illinois Institute of Technology, College of Architecture KONE Oyj Place USA USA U.K USA USA USA Finland Name of Organisations Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences Skidmore Owings & Merrill, L.L.P. Tishman Speyer Properties Walter P Moore Omrania & Associates RISE International Leslie E. Robertson Associates Rosenwasser/Grossman Consulting Engineers P.C Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc. Solomon Cordwell Buenz & Associates, Inc. The Thornton Tomasetti Group Woods Bagot CPP, Inc. Dong Yang Structural Engineers Place Kuwait USA USA USA Saudi Arabia USA USA USA Canada USA USA UK USA Korea Dubai Malaysia Canada Philippine Kuwait Connectient Germany USA Australia USA USA UK

NBBJ USA Samsung Corporation (Engineering & Construction Korea Schindler Elevator Corporation Schirmer Engineering Corporation WSP Group American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. Zuhair Fayez Partnership Hongkong Land Ltd. KLCC (Holdings) Berhad Cosentini Associates CS Associates CTL Group Dar Al.Handasah (Shair and Partners) DeStefano + Partners Ltd. Dunbar & Boardman Terry Farrell & Partners Flack + Kurtz FXFOWLE Architects P.C. HP Konig, Heunisch and Partner USA USA UK USA

Saud Arabia Dubai Waterfront HongKong Malaysia USA USA USA Egypt USA UK UK USA USA Germany T.R. Hamzah & Yeang Sdn Bhd, Arkitek Institute of Architectural Design NORR Architects & Engineers Palafox Associates Pan Arab Consulting Engineers Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects Plannungsgruppe Droge Baade Nagaraj STS Consultants Ltd. Taylor Thomson Whitting Pty.Ltd. Tekla, Inc. The Calvin Group, LLC Traynor OToole Architects

RoMF
Mission: Save Mumbai Make Mumbai Objectives:
Cluster development Deliberate planning process for the entire city of Mumbai Increase and augmentation of infrastructure Creation of housing stock for the poor.

Transform Mumbai into a WORLD CLASS CITY. Replicate this process in all major cities of India and outside

Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai and many other cities were in much worse shape than the present Mumbai. It is high time to muster strong political and administrative will and by applying innovative ideas, latest technology and the use of the public- private partnership - remake Mumbai to

A WORLD CLASS CITY

Early Shanghai
Crammed population Poor infrastructure Abysmal quality of life

24

Shanghai 2006
Block-by-block development Strong political and administrative will

25

Hong Kong in 1965

Low Shanties Unplanned growth Few green areas No open spaces

26

Hong Kong in 1980s

27

Hong Kong today

Singapore in 1972
Crammed layout Horizontal structure No open space

Singapore today
World class city FSI of 5-25 Sector by sector massive development

Housing policy for inner city redevelopment 2 redevelopment model

Individual buildings Clusters DCR 33(7) DCR 33(9)

Process of redevelopment

Purchase / development rights of existing buildings Agreements with tenants Removal of existing buildings to transit accommodation Clearing of space Constructing Rehab buildings Shifting tenants back Parallelly constructing free sale apartments along with all infrastructure and sustainable measures

Selling extra incentive area

DCR 33 (7)

FSI of 2.5 or Rehab + Incentive, whichever is more

1 Property 50% incentive 2-5 Properties 60% incentive 6 or more Properties 70% incentive

Individual building redevelopment

Further load on existing POOR INFRASTRUCTURE Decrease in per capita OPEN SPACE, PARKING & AMENITIES Shortage of WATER Average travel speed 6-8 kmph & bottle necks Damage to CULTURAL HERITAGE Only feasible buildings get redeveloped UNSUSTAINABLE model of development

Maharashtra State Housing Policy 2007

some excerpts of redevelopment
Incentivizing redevelopment through cluster approach.

Facilitate market oriented redevelopment strategy.

Promote higher FSI to large cluster redevelopment.

To transform the fractured development in to cohesive urban unit as laid down in Development Plan

Promote better living environment & living standards To facilitate development and proper maintenance of infrastructure

To generate surplus tenements for rehabilitation of the occupiers who are on the master list of MHADA MHADA will play the nodal role in the cluster approach

MHADA shall be a signatory to all the agreements to provide greater acceptability and credibility amongst the tenants and landlords.

In order to accelerate the redevelopment of old and dilapidated buildings, it is proposed to encourage redevelopment projects through joint ventures in which MHADA along with the tenants, landlords and private developers will come together for undertaking redevelopment of cluster

DCR 33 (9) cluster redevelopment

FSI of 4 or Rehab + Incentive, whichever is more

Area between 1 and 2 acres

55% incentive 65% incentive 70% incentive 75% incentive 80% incentive

2 and 3 acres 3 and 4 acres 4 and 5 acres above 5 acres

Principles of Cluster redevelopment

PPP basis Cluster approach Self- financing scheme Inclusive process with win-win solutions Sustainability measures In-situ rehabilitation Transparent and accountable process Global best practices with local involvement

Advantages
Upgradation & augmentation of INFRASTRUCTURE LIFE TIME MAINTENANCE of buildings - free of cost INCLUSIVE APPROACH Restoration of HERITAGE & RELIGIOUS buildings FINANCIAL INCENTIVES to the building landlords HOLISTIC PLANNING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Fast process of city REMAKING SELF FINANCING model WIN WIN solution for all

as per new DCR 33(9)

Rehab component Owner share Corpus Fund for main. Developer share 100 % 10% 5% 65% 80 % Min 300 sqft or equivalent present area to each residential tenement of Rehab component of Rehab component of Rehab component

Sustainable Development & the City

Recycling Bio-Capacity Power Outside The Premises Infrastructure Water Inside The Premises Clean Air Bio-Diversity

SO C IA L

Growth

L OLOGI CA EC

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Value

Cultural Identity

Employment

Productivity

E E CO CO NO NO MII M C C

Amenity Public safety

Public service

Sustainable Development & the City

Water management
(Usage Augmentation)

Harvesting

Marine release

Storm water Rain

Bioswale

Absorbed into ground Evaporated into Air

Municipal water supply

Bath

Sink

1.Filters 2. Chemical Treatments 1.

3. UV sterilizer

Toilet & Urinal

Laundry

Dish water

Commercial

Waste water to Municipal treatment

SOLID Waste

Black water management

Carbon Dioxide

H C H Energy ( Back To Grid)

Solid Waste

H Methane Reactor

Clean Pathogen Free water

Black water

Micro pore Filter

UV Radiation/ Ozone

Landscape / Irrigation

Result - 37 % savings

Energy network
Loss 20% Heat 50%

Waste 70% Energy Source 100% Electricity 30% Electricity

District Hot water

Centralized MechanicalR oom Centralized Electricity Room Supply to Individual Users

Traditional
Electricity Supply Grid

Utility Company Power Generation

Utility Cogeneration Facility

Alternative energy

On-Site UltraEfficient & Clean Power Generation

Fuel Cells Wind Turbines Photovoltaic Arrays

On-Site Renewable Power Generation

End User Result - 39 % savings

Solid Waste Management

Individual Discharge Without separation

waste collection Garbage containers Local collection and carriage without separation Landfill

Traditional Proposed

New Product to users Manufacturer

Dry waste Non Recycled

Production stream Central trash yards Rotating separator Compactor & Container

Wet waste waste

Pneumatic waste Collection system

Back to Grid
Recyclable

waste Landfill
Diverter

Incinerator center

Area Advantage
Existing cluster Vertical growth

Public amenities Temples, jain derasars, masjids, agiaries Augmented infrastructure Parking, sewage treatment, water recycling, waste management Existing new buildings, schools, heritage structures, health centers etc will be maintained and augmented.

Wide roads

Public spaces

Outcomes Infrastructure matrix

Present

Water (lpcd) < 100 Sewage Parking

Open & Play
acres/1000

bad bad 0.03

Humans: Tree 9:1 ratio Schools/dispe less nsaries Road network 9-12% Waste disposal Renewable Energies
worst nil

Individ Cluster * Processes in Cluster ual development < 80 >135 Water harvesting & recycling worsen excellen Water treatment t worsen excellen Multi-storied & offsite t parking margina 0.6 (20 Vertical development & times) l intermittent open > 9 : 1 3 .5 : 1 Huge open spaces & Vertical gardens worsen excellen Primary school & dispensaries acc to popn t congest Upto 20% Hierarchy & planned ion worst excellen In-situ segregation & t treatment nil excellen Solar & Wind energy usage t in clusters

* Values of Present & individual from diff sources & Cluster outcomes on RoMFs pilot project master plan

Tenants Advantage
Single room tenement to 300 sq.ft house In-situ redevelopment Nearby transit Financial guarantees will be given along with penalty clause Two level Grievance Council consisting of ex-judges, ex-bureaucrats and eminent citizens Corpus fund to ensure life time free maintenance. Revenue from extra parking areas, hosting of hoardings and hiring of community halls for rehab buildings Convertible debenture to each tenant which will convert into equity

Landlords advantage
Fair compensation Convertible debenture to each tenant which will convert into equity

Traders and Shopkeepers advantage

In-situ redevelopment No malls and super bazaars in the free sale component Shops in the ground floors with road frontage will be rehabilitated in the same way Rehabilitation in the last stage to minimise the loss of income Convertible debenture to each tenant which will convert into equity

Advantages for the hawkers and laborers

Increased work opportunities for laborers Dormitories with clean beds, kitchen and toilet blocks Separate hawking zones Back lanes in markets and shopping areas for loading and unloading. Increased public toilets and rest rooms.

OUTCOMES - Housing & Infrastructure

50,000 crores INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FUND

AFFORDABLE HOUSING for Lower & middle income groups

>25,000 units Housing stock EWS & LIG

GOOD QUALITY housing for rehabilitated people

WORLD STANDARD LIFE QUALITY

Cluster in C Ward
Pa A1 ad Ro
dar S Po

te

Mumba Devi Temple

l R Ab d u e t

Stre veri Za azar B

ayk B Jr g Ma
Mosqu e

ar

ROMF

S K Patil Udyan

th he s di et Da t re S

Marg

ehm

kh ei Sh reet St

an

i Ag

ar

Me no

Ka l ba d ev i Ro a d

Ma ha rs hi Ka rv e Ro ad

Swadeshi M a rk e t

MJ Market

an Sh J oad R

ke r Sh et h

Total Area

233 acres 2, 202 1, 777 96, 673 22,222 140 sq ft 20,000 150 sq ft
Marine Lines Station

Pr

e nc

ss

e tr

Ma nga lda s M ark et t

Ka lb ad ev i Ro ad

Number of Buildings Cessed Buildings Population Residential units Avgsize Commercial units Avg. size Night time: Day time population ratio 1 : 5

s al da Sha m g Mar

Gand

hi

y an km g Lo ar M

Ti

la

rs ha Ma ad Ro hi

Ka rv e

y man Lo k g r Ma

il a T

ak

Data mapping

Various Clusters

Summary of clusters

Building details of every cluster

Details of every building

Communities

Hindu Christian Muslim Parsi

6-7% Singleperson that share

a place with other people Age 22-58 male

7 % Servants

32-35 %

Kids

49% Residential
50-52% Couples
Age around male 24-55 female 23-50

2.5 / house

3% Widow
Age 45-58

3-4% Elderly
Age around 58-70
Source: Various HH surveys by RoMF

30-32 % Paper-Printing 10-15 % Office 1,2 %Agent 1-2 % Doctor 25-30% Shop 1 % Pan Shop 2-3 % Gold

51% Commercial
1-2 % Tea Shop 25-30 % Textile 2-3 % Restaurant

1 % Electronics 10 % Miscellaneous
Source: Various HH surveys by RoMF

Public Participation
Building Representative Forum (BRF)
3 to 5 representatives from each building for discussions, opinions & changes in the master planning and individual building design

Citizens Forum for C Ward Development (CFCD)

A large group of eminent citizens of C ward who have come together to work constructively for the redevelopment of its ward and is represented by a managing committee and a mohalla committee consisting of representatives of each of the 129 mohallas

Federation of Associations of Maharashtra (FAM)

An apex body representing more than 750 associations/chambers of Trade, Transport and Small Scale Industries from all over Maharashtra. FAM has been able to gain the confidence and respect of the Trading community, since it has been trying to solve problems and genuine grievances of business community when they are in difficulties

Old Building Landlords Welfare Association (OLWA)

Association formed for the cause of the landlords of dilapidated buildings in Mumbai, who are suffering from various laws imposed under the Bombay Rent Control Act.

Public outreach
Sharing the concept over 15000 3 public mtgs of

Public outreach
Mohalla and street meetings for Sharing the concept

Public outreach
Public meetings to unveil plan and policies

Public outreach
Building wise meetings

Public outreach
Street and locality opinion forming

Public outreach
Business and commerce

Public outreach
Door to door suggestions

Public outreach
24 hrs free ambulance inaugurated by Dy Mayor and ExMP

Public outreach

Disaster Relief Cell

Public outreach

Involving

global technical experts

Public outreach
Public seminars on various issues

Public outreach
Understanding the issues

Public outreach
Design studio with Indian and Intl architecture students

Public outreach
Public exhibition on some works

monthly newsletter in 4 languages over 22,000 copies

3 Round table discussions on

1.Inner city redevelopment of India 2.Remaking Sustainable Cities in the Vertical Age 3.Remaking Sustainable Cities: Infrastructure & Finance

CTBUH 2010 Conference, 3rd 5th Feb, Mumbai

Remaking Sustainable Cities in the Vertical Age"

77 global speakers & 1100 delegates, spanning 29 countries

Pilot project - 30 acres

Proposed 30 acres project in Chira bazar area

Project details
Cluster area Total buildings
etc) (including new, temples

30 acres

Buildings under proposal Residential tenements Commercial tenements Total tenements Locked units Net open premises Consent received May 09 % of consents received Consent % of open premises 13th

362
3,840 4,484 8,324 962 7,281 6,092 73.9% 83.7 %

373

CPMC - City Planning and Monitoring Committee

CUDC

pment opment authorities/ Municipal corporations, Public Works Dept. Government Traffic & Transport authorities Undertaking ter supply and sewage treatment agencies, -State Telecom, electricity -Local Other Para-statal agencies

Chief Minister Mayor & Dy. Mayor, Leader of opposition Members Stakeholders of various associations Chambers of federation, National & intl developers, Consultants & collabor Planners, designers, FIs, FIIs etc

Survey & Planning

City Planning and Monitoring Committee

Advisory Committee Accountability, Tra

( CPMC )
Creation of sectors Finance, Environment & Ecology

Project Mgnt & Monitoring Sector by Sector development Scheme (SSDS)

Concept
Public Private People Partnership for Regulating, Planning and Monitoring

CPMC City Planning and Monitoring Committee

Objectives
Formation of a City planning and monitoring Create mode of implementation by

Functions
Survey and Study dilapidated buildings Pro-active facilitating

corporate through a SPV on a PPP basis Sectorial planning pertaining to old& Sector by Sector Development schemePrequalification of Sector Developers Address all other categories of development Execution of social infrastructure Involve global and top quality professionals Create Financial Tools Create Accountability and transparency structure through Corporate Governance Enabling laws / rules Rehousing of tenants, landlords etc

Monitoring quality, time and aesthetics by international project management firms

Do not doubt that a small group of thoughtful people could change the world. Indeed, it's the only thing that ever has.
- Margaret Mead