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pressure in liquid:
acts in all directions increase with depth.

Why does the ship float?

Learning outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to: 1-explain buoyant force 2-relate buoyant force to the weight of the liquid displaced 3-state Archimedes Principle 4-solve problems involving Archimedes Principle

Activity 1
Why does the weight of the object when it is immersed in the liquid is less than its actual weight?

Because .

There is a buoyant force that support the weight of the object

Buoyant force / upthrust force

is due to pressure difference of the fluid between the top and bottom of the object. Pressure in liquid depends on the depth of the liquid The net upward force = buoyant force

BUOYANT FORCE

Buoyant force is an upward force of an immersed in or floating in fluid

Question: What is the relationship between real weight and apparent weight of an object and the buoyant force acting on it? Answer: Actual weight Apparent weight = Buoyant force In activity 1, buoyant force is _____ N

What is relationship between weight of water displaced by the object and the buoyant force?

Steps
1.Measure the mass of empty beaker, m1 using beam balance and record. 2.Measure the actual weight of slotted mass, W1 using spring balance and record. 3.Put the slotted mass slowly into the eureka can that contains the water until it completely immersed in the water. 4.The water from eureka can will be displaced into empty beaker. 5.Measure and record the reading of spring balance, apparent weight, W2 6.Measure and record the mass of the

Calculation
Actual weight, W1 Apparent weight, W2 W1 W2 = Buoyant force Mass of displaced water = m2 m1

Weight of displaced water = (m2 m1) g

Discussion

We found that :

(m2 m1) g = W1 W2

Hence, the weight of liquid displaced is equal to buoyant force.

FB = mg

Archimedes Principle

Archimedes Principle

States that when an object is immersed in a fluid (a liquid or a gas), the buoyant force (upthrust force) on the object is equal to the weight of fluid

From Archimedes principle,

Buoyant force = weight of fluid displaced FB = mliquid displaced g

Density, = mass, m Volume, V

Then, m = x V

Thus, FB = V g

Where:

FB is buoyant force is density of liquid displaced

Buoyant Force and Floatation

BUOYANT FORCE > WEIGHT If buoyant force is large enough to support the objects weight, the object will moves up

BUOYANT FORCE < WEIGHT

If the buoyant force is insufficient to support the objects weight, it sinks.

BUOYANT FORCE = WEIGHT If the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the object, the object floats and stationary Law of floatation = floating object displaced its own weight of fluid in which it

Application of Archimedes Principle

Ship Submarine Hydrogen-filled balloon Hot air balloon Hydrometer

Ship

Hydrometer
Operation of the hydrometer is based on Archimedes' principle that a solid suspended in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Thus, the lower the density of the substance, the farther the hydrometer will sink.

Submarine

Hot air balloon

Hydrogen-filled balloon

Learning outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to: 1-explain buoyant force 2-relate buoyant force to the weight of the liquid displaced 3-state Archimedes Principle 4-solve problems involving Archimedes Principle

Homework
Exercise in textbook