Grids, Maps & Positions

AS 12.3.4; 12.3.2

Where am I now? Where am I going?

Global Positioning System (GPS) devices are wonderful instruments. They allow you to pinpoint your location to within a few meters, no matter where you are on planet Earth! The GPS gives the information in terms of latitude and longitude which is measured in degrees, minutes and seconds.

Latitude is the position north or south of the Equator (0o). Lines run in an East - West direction. The North Pole is assigned latitude 90o N and the South Pole latitude 90o S. Lines of longitude, or meridians, run in a North - South direction. The line of longitude (prime meridian) 0, passes through Greenwich in London. There are 180o to the east and to the west of this line.

Match the letters corresponding to the following: 20 South, 20 East 60 South, 40 West F D 0, 140 W 20 S, 100 E C A J

50 North, 120 East I

5 S, 40 W

Each degree of latitude or longitude in divided into 60 minutes and each minute into 60 seconds e.g. 200 13 25 E.
Convert the following co-ordinates into degrees. 190 14,5 N ; 1560 15,7 W
14,5/

0,24 and 15,7/60 60 19,240 N ; 156,260 W

0,26

210 10 5 S ; 330 25 29 E

20,170S ; 33,420E
5 2ndF D0M S D0M S

Calc:

D0M S 21
0 33 D M S

10 D0M S 25 D0M S

29 2ndF

Convert the following degrees into deg, min, sec 25,220 N ; 12,510 E 0,22x60 = 13,2 0,51x60 = 30,6 250 13 12 N ;120 30 36 E

0,2 x60 = 12 0,6x60 = 36

0

5 , 20 Calc:

; 15,2

E 5

12

;150 16

5 . 2 2ndF 15.2 2ndF

D0M D0M

Task

Convert 62,660 N ; 112,320 W to deg min sec.

Checkpoint
The latitude values decrease from top to bottom. Why? Moving closer to equator, 00. Name the largest island? Hawaii
Source:enchantedlearning.com

Which island is farthest west?

Lanai

In approximate what direction would you travel to go from Kahului to Red Hill? E450S

At approximately what bearing would you fly from Hilo to Captain Cook? 2250 State the coordinates of X. 20oN, 157oW. What is situated at or near 200 32,3 N , 1560 30,4 W Kahoolawe Island

What is the approximate distance, 50 x 1,6 1 mile = 1,6 km in km, from Hilo to Kailua? = 80km

The screens from a GPS show latitude and longitude of a ship nearing a harbour. Use the GPS readings to mark the path and direction of the ship. Which coastal town is it nearing? Kailua

Lat N 200 0 Lon W 1570 0 Lat N190 28,5 Lon W1560 29,7

Lat N190 14,5 Lon W1560 15,7 Lat N190 17,8 Lon W1560 8,1

Longitude and Time

The earth rotates 360 degrees from East to West every 24 hours i.e. 150 longitude every hour. When it is noon at Greenwich, it is 10:00 a.m. at 300 W. and 2:00 p.m. at 600 E.
W GMT + E

City A is on the 700W line of longitude at midnight. What is the time in city B if it is on the 400W line of longitude? Both West: difference = 70 30 = 300 Hours = 30/15 = 2h B is east of A later Time in B = midnight + 2 = 2 a.m.

Tokyo, Japan is located at 3541 N; 13946 E while Sante Fe is at 3537' N; 1065' W. It is 4 p.m. in Sante Fe, what is the time in Tokyo? Cities on opposite side of prime meridian. Longitude difference = 1060 5 + 1390 46 = 2450 51 No hours = 245 51 /15 = 16h 23 24 Tokyo is East of Santa Fe later time Time in Tokyo = 16h00 + 16h 23 24 Use calculator = 8h 23 23 a.m. next day

Check
Which coastal city sees the sun rise first? Durban Which coastal city has the latest sunset? Cape Town The longitude and latitude lines are not completely parallel. Why? Earth is curved

Which city is at about 250S;290E? Pretoria What is the approximate position of Bloemfontein? 280S;260E You have a GPS in your car. Both the longitude and latitude readings are increasing at the same rate. In what direction are you travelling? Explain.

Task