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DatapointLabs
Research quality material testing ISO 17025 production environment Results in 5 days (48 hour RUSH service) Web-based quotation & data delivery Domain expertise in CAE material calibration
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materials testing
Topics
A test philosophy for representing rate dependency of materials Experimental technique including sampling and specimen geometries Assessment of crash material data quality, expected trends & validation Specific comments for unfilled and fiberfilled polymers, foams, rubber and metals.
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Environmental variation
Ageing and conditioning
Process variation
Degradation from processing Recycled materials
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Metals
Relatively well behaved Models designed to match behavior Challenges lie with post yield nonMises failure envelopes Scaling of yield surface with strain rate Work of Nakajima, Dubois, Hooputra
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Plastics
Not well behaved Models not designed for plastics crash simulation Complex models are expensive Can we develop best practices for adapting common models to plastics
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Material Testing
Instron servo-hydraulic UTM Dynamic load cell Test at 0.01, 0.1, 1. 10, 100/s strain rates Temperatures: -40 to 150C
tens_slow.mpg
Tens.mpg
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Test Specimens
ASTM D638Type V Preparation
CNC from plaque CNC from part Molded
E2
gate region
E1
Variability
processing orientation thickness
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Choosing EMOD
35 30 Engineering Stress (MPa) 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.0 5.0 10.0 Engineering Strain (%) 15.0 20.0
data Plastic Point
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yield point
neck propagation
necking starts
30 20 10 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Strain mm/mm 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
UTM1-39.62-1 UTM1-39.62-2
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Fail Limitations
When FAIL f(strain rate)
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LCSR
Capture model independent behavior
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Eyring Model
Eyring Model
Yield stress v. log strain rate is linear Best form for plastics
Fit yield stress v. log strain rate data to Eyring equation Can submit to LSDYNA MAT24 as table using LCSR
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MAT24 validation
60 50
LS-DYNA Simulation
40
Stress (MPa)
30
20
10
0.2
0.25
0.3
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Brittle plastics
Modulus is rate dependent Small strains to failure Brittle failure Failure strain decreases with increasing strain rate LSDYNA MAT19
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Ductile-brittle transitions
Non-linear behavior Failure depends on strain rate Models
LS-DYNA MAT89 PAMCRASH 103 Abaqus *ELASTIC *PLASTIC,Rate
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Perform injection-molding simulation Apply Digimat material model to transfer data to crash simulation Crash model has spatially oriented properties
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Cut test specimens by CNC 5 specimens each (0, 90 ) Obtain true stress-strain data
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Advanced Models
MATSAMP (LS-DYNA) Standard rate dependent model Add non-mises failure envelope
Compression Shear
Add triaxiality
Post yield transverse strain
Add unloading
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Foams
Different deformation modes
Crushable Elastic with or without damage Visco-elastic
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Zone 2
Zone 3
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Test Strategy
Compressive stress-strain
5 decades of strain rate
.01, .1, 1, 10, 100 /s
Temperatures
-100 to 150C
Hisp_comp.mpg
Optional tests
Tensile (for cut-off stress) Shear (as required)
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Test Instruments
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PU Foam-stress strain
0 .0 4 0 .0 3 5 0 .0 3 0 .0 2 5 Stress (MPa) 0 .0 2 0 .0 1 /s fi t 0 .1 /s fit 1 /s fi t 1 0 /s fi t 1 0 0 /s fi t
0 .0 1 5 0 .0 1 0 .0 0 5 0 0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 S tr a i n ( m m /m m ) 0 .8 0 .9 1
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PU Foam recovery
0.030 0.025 Engineering Stress (MPa)
Load
Unload
80
100
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Conclusions
Choice of material model depends on
material test data situation complexity
Proper selection = reasonable model Simple improvements can add power Validated models represent baseline Models can be tuned for multi-axial loadings
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