CreaLlvlLy and lnnovaLlon

Creat|v|ty ls a menLal and

soclal process lnvolvlng Lhe
generaLlon of new ldeas or
concepLs or new assoclaLlons
of Lhe creaLlve mlnd beLween
exlsLlng ldeas or concepLs
Jat |s Creat|v|ty?
W An Ab|||ty Lo lmaglne or lnvenL someLhlng new
W Lhe ablllLy Lo generaLe new ldeas by comblnlng
changlng or reapplylng exlsLlng ldeas
W Some creaLlve ldeas are asLonlshlng and
brllllanL whlle oLhers are [usL slmple good
pracLlcal ldeas LhaL no one seems Lo have
LhoughL of yeL
W An Att|tude CreaLlvlLy ls also an aLLlLude Lhe
ablllLy Lo accepL change and newness a
wllllngness Lo play wlLh ldeas and posslblllLles a
flexlblllLy of ouLlook Lhe hablL of en[oylng Lhe
good whlle looklng for ways Lo lmprove lL
W A rocess
W CreaLlve people work hard and conLlnually
Lo lmprove ldeas and soluLlons by maklng
gradual alLeraLlons and reflnemenLs Lo Lhelr
works
W 1he creaLlve person knows LhaL Lhere ls
always room for lmprovemenL
Jat |s Creat|v|ty?
W rom a sclenLlflc polnL of vlew Lhe producLs
of creaLlve LhoughL (someLlmes referred Lo as
dlvergenL LhoughL) are usually consldered Lo
have boLh orlglnallLy f approprlaLeness
W lLhough lnLulLlvely a slmple phenomenon lL
ls ln facL qulLe complex lL has been sLudled
from Lhe perspecLlves of behavloural
psychology soclal psychology psychomeLrlcs
cognlLlve sclence arLlflclal lnLelllgence
phllosophy hlsLory economlcs deslgn
research buslness and managemenL among
oLhers
Jat |s Creat|v|ty?
W CreaLlvlLy has been assoclaLed
wlLh rlghL or forehead braln
acLlvlLy or even speclflcally wlLh
laLeral Lhlnklng
ronLal Lobe
1emporal Lpbe
arleLal Lobe
CcclplLal Lobe
@e fronta| |obe (sown |n b|ue) |s tougt to p|ay an |mportant ro|e |n
creat|v|ty
1here has been debaLe ln Lhe psychologlcal llLeraLure abouL wheLher lnLelllgence
and creaLlvlLy are parL of Lhe same process (Lhe con[olnL hypoLhesls) or
represenL dlsLlncL menLal processes
-eurob|o|ogy of creat|v|ty
W Plghly creaLlve people who excel aL
creaLlve lnnovaLlon Lend Lo dlffer from
oLhers ln Lhree ways
W Lhey have a hlgh level of speclallzed
knowledge
W Lhey are capable of dlvergenL Lhlnklng
medlaLed by Lhe fronLal lobe
W and Lhey are able Lo modulaLe
neuroLransmlLLers such as
noreplnephrlne ln Lhelr fronLal lobe
|story of te term and te
concept
W 1he ways ln whlch socleLles have percelved Lhe
concepL of creaLlvlLy have changed LhroughouL
hlsLory as has Lhe Lerm lLself
W 1he anclenL Creek concepL of arL (ln Creek
tecbeLhe rooL of Lechnlque and
Lechnology) wlLh Lhe excepLlon of poeLry
lnvolved noL freedom of acLlon buL sub[ecLlon Lo
toles
W ln 8ome Lhls Creek concepL was parLly shaken
and vlsual arLlsLs were vlewed as sharlng wlLh
poeLs lmaglnaLlon and lnsplraLlon
W lLhough nelLher Lhe Creeks nor Lhe
8omans had a word LhaL dlrecLly
corresponded Lo Lhe word creaLlvlLy
Lhelr arL archlLecLure muslc lnvenLlons
and dlscoverles provlde numerous
examples of whaL Loday would be
descrlbed as creaLlve works
W 1he Creek sclenLlsL of Syracuse
rchlmedes experlenced Lhe creaLlve
momenL ln hls Lureka experlence flndlng
Lhe answer Lo a problem he had been
wresLllng wlLh for a long Llme L Lhe Llme
Lhe concepL of genlus probably came
closesL Lo descrlblng Lhe creaLlve LalenLs
LhaL broughL forLh such works
W fundamenLal change came ln Lhe ChrlsLlan
perlod cteftlo came Lo deslgnaLe Cods acL
of creaLlon from noLhlng cteftlo Lhus Look
on a dlfferenL meanlng Lhan ffcete (Lo
make) and ceased Lo apply Lo human
funcLlons 1he anclenL vlew LhaL arL ls noL a
domaln of creaLlvlLy perslsLed ln Lhls perlod
W 1he flrsL Lo acLually apply Lhe word creaLlvlLy
was Lhe ollsh poeL Macle[ kazlmlerz
Sarblewskl who applled lL excluslvely Lo
poeLry
W or over a cenLury and a half Lhe ldea of
bomf creaLlvlLy meL wlLh reslsLance due Lo
Lhe facL LhaL Lhe Lerm creaLlon was reserved
for creaLlon from noLhlng 8alLasar Cracln
(160138) would only venLure Lo wrlLe rL ls
Lhe compleLlon of naLure as lf lL were f seco
cteftot
W 8y Lhe 18Lh cenLury and Lhe ge of
LnllghLenmenL Lhe concepL of
creaLlvlLy was appearlng more ofLen ln
arL Lheory and was llnked wlLh Lhe
concepL of lmaglnaLlon
W Lhe WesL by Lhe 19Lh cenLury noL only
had arL come Lo be regarded as
creaLlvlLy buL lt floe was so regarded
W When laLer aL Lhe Lurn of Lhe 20Lh
cenLury Lhere began Lo be dlscusslon
of creaLlvlLy ln Lhe sclences (eg !an
Lukaslewlcz 18781936) and ln naLure
(eg Penrl 8ergson) Lhls was generally
Laken as Lhe Lransference Lo Lhe
sclences of concepLs LhaL were proper
Lo
W ln Lhe laLe nlneLeenLh and early LwenLleLh
cenLurles leadlng maLhemaLlclans and
sclenLlsLs such as Permann von PelmholLz
(1896) and Penrl olncare (1908) began Lo
reflecL on and publlcly dlscuss Lhelr
creaLlve processes and Lhese lnslghLs
were bullL on ln early accounLs of Lhe
creaLlve process by ploneerlng LheorlsLs
such as Craham Wallas(1926) and Max
WerLhelmer (1943)
W Powever Lhe formal sLarLlng
polnL for Lhe sclenLlflc sLudy of
creaLlvlLy from Lhe sLandpolnL of
orLhodox psychologlcal
llLeraLure ls generally
consldered Lo have been !
Cullfords 1930 address Lo Lhe
merlcan sychologlcal
ssoclaLlon
Creat|v|ty |n psyco|ogy
and cogn|t|ve sc|ence
W psychodynamlc approach Lo
undersLandlng creaLlvlLy was proposed
by Slgmund reud who suggesLed LhaL
creaLlvlLy arlses as a resulL of frusLraLed
deslres for fame forLune and love wlLh
Lhe energy LhaL was prevlously Lled up
ln frusLraLlon and emoLlonal Lenslon ln
Lhe neurosls belng subllmaLed lnLo
creaLlve acLlvlLy reud laLer reLracLed
Lhls vlew

Craham Wallas
W be explalned by a process conslsLlng of 3 sLages
(l) teftftlo (preparaLory work on a problem
LhaL focuses Lhe lndlvlduals mlnd on Lhe
problem and explores Lhe problems
dlmenslons)
(ll) lcobftlo (where Lhe problem ls
lnLernallzed lnLo Lhe unconsclous mlnd and
noLhlng appears exLernally Lo be happenlng)
(lll) ltlmftlo (Lhe creaLlve person geLs a
feellng LhaL a soluLlon ls on lLs way)
Craham Wallas
(lv) lllomlftlo or lnslghL (where Lhe
creaLlve ldea bursLs forLh from lLs
preconsclous processlng lnLo consclous
awareness) and
(v) etlflcftlo (where Lhe ldea ls
consclously verlfled elaboraLed and Lhen
applled)
lP 6ui/ford
W Cullford performed lmporLanL work ln
Lhe fleld of creaLlvlLy drawlng a
dlsLlncLlon beLween
W convergenL and dlvergenL producLlon
(commonly renamed convergenL and
dlvergenL Lhlnklng)
W ConvergenL Lhlnklng lnvolves almlng for
a slngle correcL soluLlon Lo a problem
W dlvergenL Lhlnklng lnvolves creaLlve
generaLlon of mulLlple answers Lo a seL
problem
W ulvergenL Lhlnklng ls someLlmes used
as a synonym for creaLlvlLy ln
psychology llLeraLure
rLhur koesLler
W ln @be Act of cteftlo
rLhur koesLler llsLs Lhree
Lypes of creaLlve
lndlvldual
W Lhe Attlst
W Lhe fe and
W Lhe estet(Lhe
enLerLalner/clown)
Ceneplore model
W creaLlvlLy Lakes place ln Lwo phases
W a generat|ve pase where an
lndlvldual consLrucLs menLal
represenLaLlons called prelnvenLlve
sLrucLures
W exp|oratory pase where Lhose
sLrucLures are used Lo come up wlLh
creaLlve ldeas
W onceptuo/ b/endinq
W ln Lhe 90s varlous approaches
ln cognlLlve sclence LhaL dealL
wlLh meLaphor analogy and
sLrucLure mapplng have been
converglng and a new
lnLegraLlve approach Lo Lhe
sLudy of creaLlvlLy ln sclence
arL and humor has emerged
under Lhe label concepLual
blendlng
W cteftllty ls tbe fblllty to
lllosttfte wbft ls ootsle tbe
box ftom wltbl tbe box @e
k|de
Creat|ve Metods
W Lvo|ut|on 1hls ls Lhe meLhod
of lncremenLal lmprovemenL new
ldeas sLem from oLher ldeas new
soluLlons from prevlous ones Lhe
new ones sllghLly lmproved over
Lhe old ones
W ot exfmle look ft tbe blstoty of
tbe fotomoblle ot fy tooct of
tecbololcfl totess
W 1he evoluLlonary meLhod of
creaLlvlLy also remlnds us of LhaL
crlLlcal prlnclple Lvery prob|em
tat as been so|ved can be
so|ved aga|n |n a better way
W yntes|s WlLh Lhls meLhod Lwo or
more exlsLlng ldeas are comblned lnLo a
Lhlrd new ldea Comblnlng Lhe ldeas of
a magazlne and an audlo Lape glves Lhe
ldea of a magazlne you can llsLen Lo
one useful for bllnd people or freeway
commuLers
W ot exfmle someoe otlce tbft f
lot of eole o ftes wet fltst to
let f tbe to tbe tbeftet wby ot
comble tbese two eets lto oe?
@bos tbe let tbeftet wbete eole
o fltst to eft f tbe to see f lfy ot
otbet etettflmet
Creat|ve Metods
W kevo|ut|on SomeLlmes Lhe besL
new ldea ls a compleLely dlfferenL
one an marked change from Lhe
prevlous ones
W Whlle an evoluLlonary
lmprovemenL phllosophy mlghL
cause a professor Lo ask Pow
can l make my lecLures beLLer and
beLLer? a revoluLlonary ldea
mlghL be Why noL sLop lecLurlng
and have Lhe sLudenLs Leach each
oLher worklng as Leams or
presenLlng reporLs?
Creat|ve Metods
W keapp||cat|on Look aL someLhlng old ln a
new way Co beyond labels unflxaLe
remove pre[udlces expecLaLlons and
assumpLlons and dlscover how someLhlng
can be reapplled
W ot exfmle f fetcll cf be ose fs f
tly sctewtlet lf flle ow
W Cang|ng D|rect|on Many creaLlve
breakLhroughs occur when aLLenLlon ls
shlfLed from one angle of a problem Lo
anoLher 1hls ls someLlmes called creaLlve
lnslghL
W te goa| |s to so|ve te prob|em not to
|mp|ement a part|cu|ar so|ut|on When one
soluLlon paLh ls noL worklng shlfL Lo anoLher
Creat|ve Metods
-egat|ve Att|tudes @at 8|ock
Creat|v|ty
W 1 C no a prob|em!
W 1he reacLlon Lo a problem ls ofLen a blgger
problem Lhan Lhe problem lLself
ueflnlLlon a problem ls
(1) seelng Lhe dlfference beLween whaL you
have and whaL you wanL or
(2) recognlzlng or bellevlng LhaL Lhere ls
someLhlng beLLer Lhan Lhe currenL
slLuaLlon or
(3) an opporLunlLy for a poslLlve acL
W Seeklng problems aggresslvely wlll bulld
confldence lncrease happlness and glve
you a beLLer sense of conLrol over your llfe
W It cant be done
W 1hls aLLlLude ls ln effecL
surrenderlng before Lhe baLLle 8y
assumlng LhaL someLhlng cannoL be
done or a problem cannoL be
solved a person glves Lhe problem
a power or sLrengLh lL dldnL have
before
W I cant do |t Cr @eres not|ng I
can do
W lm noL (a) smarL enough (b) an
englneer or (c) a blank (wheLher
educaLed experL eLc) galn
Lhough look aL Lhe hlsLory of
problem solvlng
W 8ut Im not creat|ve
W S @ats c||d|s
W 6 Jat w||| peop|e t|nk?
W 7 I m|gt fa|| 1homas Ldlson ln hls search
for Lhe perfecL fllamenL for Lhe
lncandescenL lamp Lrled anyLhlng he could
Lhlnk of lncludlng whlskers from a frlends
beard ln all he Lrled abouL 1800 Lhlngs
fLer abouL 1000 aLLempLs someone
asked hlm lf he was frusLraLed aL hls lack of
success Pe sald someLhlng llke lve
galned a loL of knowledgel now know a
Lhousand Lhlngs LhaL wonL work
W ear of fallure ls one of Lhe ma[or
obsLacles Lo creaLlvlLy and problem
solvlng 1he cure ls Lo change your aLLlLude
abouL fallure
Myts about Creat|ve @|nk|ng and
rob|em o|v|ng
1 Lvery prob|em as on|y one
so|ut|on (or one r|gt answer)
@e best answer]so|ut|on]metod
as a|ready been found
Creat|ve answers are comp|ex
tecno|og|ca||y
Ideas e|ter come or tey dont
-ot|ng w||| e|p
Menta| 8|ocks to Creat|ve
@|nk|ng and rob|em o|v|ng
1 re[ud|ce1he older we geL Lhe more preconcelved
ldeas we have abouL Lhlngs 1hese preconcepLlons
ofLen prevenL us from seelng beyond whaL we already
know or belleve Lo be posslble 1hey lnhlblL us from
accepLlng change and progress
Iunct|ona| f|xat|on SomeLlmes we begln Lo see an
ob[ecL only ln Lerms of lLs name raLher ln Lerms of
whaL lL can do
Learned e|p|essness 1hls ls Lhe feellng LhaL you
donL have Lhe Lools knowledge maLerlals ablllLy Lo
do anyLhlng so you mlghL as well noL Lry
syco|og|ca| b|ocks Some soluLlons are noL
consldered or are re[ecLed slmply because our
reacLlon Lo Lhem ls ?uck 8uL lcky soluLlons
Lhemselves may be useful or good lf Lhey solve a
problem well or save your llfe
os|t|ve Att|tudes for Creat|v|ty
1 Cur|os|ty
Ca||enge
Construct|ve d|scontent
A be||ef tat most prob|ems can be
so|ved
S @e ab|||ty to suspend [udgment and
cr|t|c|sm
6 ee|ng te good |n te bad
7 rob|ems |ead to |mprovements
A prob|em can a|so be a so|ut|on
9 rob|ems are |nterest|ng and emot|ona||y
acceptab|e
M|sce||aneous Good Att|tudes
W 1 erseverance MosL people fall
because Lhey spend only nlne mlnuLes
on a problem LhaL requlres Len mlnuLes
Lo solve CreaLlvlLy and problem solvlng
are hard work and requlre flerce
appllcaLlon of Llme and energy 1here ls
no qulck and easy secreL
W A f|ex|b|e |mag|nat|on CreaLlve
people are comforLable wlLh
lmaglnaLlon and wlLh Lhlnklng socalled
welrd wlld or unLhlnkable LhoughLs
[usL for Lhe sake of sLlmulaLlon uurlng
bralnsLormlng or [usL menLal
playfulness all klnds of sLrange LhoughLs
and ldeas can be enLerLalned
ulsLlngulshlng beLween
creaLlvlLy and lnnovaLlon
W CreaLlvlLy ls Lyplcally used
Lo refer Lo Lhe acL of
produclng new ldeas
approaches or acLlons
whlle lnnovaLlon ls Lhe
process of boLh generaLlng
f flyl such creaLlve
ldeas ln some speclflc
conLexL
Measurlng creaLlvlLy
W ! Cullford'
loL 1lLles where parLlclpanLs are glven Lhe ploL
of a sLory and asked Lo wrlLe orlglnal LlLles
Culck 8esponses ls a wordassoclaLlon LesL
scored for uncommonness
lgure ConcepLs where parLlclpanLs were glven
slmple drawlngs of ob[ecLs and lndlvlduals and
asked Lo flnd quallLles or feaLures LhaL are
common by Lwo or more drawlngs Lhese were
scored for uncommonness
unusual uses ls flndlng unusual uses for
common everyday ob[ecLs such as brlcks
8emoLe ssoclaLlons where parLlclpanLs are
asked Lo flnd a word beLween Lwo glven words
(eg Pand _____ Call)
8emoLe Consequences where parLlclpanLs are
asked Lo generaLe a llsL of consequences of
unexpecLed evenLs (eg loss of gravlLy)
W 8ulldlng on Cullfords work 1orrance
40
developed Lhe 1orrance 1esLs of CreaLlve
1hlnklng ln 1974 1hey lnvolved slmple LesLs
of dlvergenL Lhlnklng and oLher problem
solvlng skllls whlch were scored on
W I|uency 1he LoLal number of lnLerpreLable
meanlngful and relevanL ldeas generaLed ln
response Lo Lhe sLlmulus
W I|ex|b|||ty 1he number of dlfferenL
caLegorles of relevanL responses
W Cr|g|na||ty 1he sLaLlsLlcal rarlLy of Lhe
responses among Lhe LesL sub[ecLs
W L|aborat|on 1he amounL of deLall ln Lhe
responses
Ioster|ng creat|v|ty
W LsLabllshlng purpose and lnLenLlon
W 8ulldlng baslc skllls
W Lncouraglng acqulslLlons of domalnspeclflc
knowledge
W SLlmulaLlng and rewardlng curloslLy and
exploraLlon
W 8ulldlng moLlvaLlon especlally lnLernal
moLlvaLlon
W Lncouraglng confldence and a wllllngness Lo Lake
rlsks
W ocuslng on masLery and selfcompeLlLlon
W romoLlng supporLable bellefs abouL creaLlvlLy
W rovldlng opporLunlLles for cholce and dlscovery
W ueveloplng selfmanagemenL (meLacognlLlve
skllls)
W 1eachlng Lechnlques and sLraLegles for faclllLaLlng
creaLlve performance
W rovldlng balance
Creat|ve t|nk|ng
tecn|ques
W kandom Jord 8eplaclng Lhe problem
ob[ecL wlLh Lhe random noun and lmaglnlng
whaL would happen
W ?ou are worklng for a car manufacLurer ln
Lhe wheel deparLmenL and are Lrylng Lo
come up wlLh some new ldeas abouL Lhe
wheel (wlLhouL relnvenLlng lL!) lmaglne you
are now glven Lhls random word
tootbrus! WhaL are your lnlLlal LhoughLs?
robably someLhlng llke Pow on earLh ls
Lhls relevanL? or WhaL a sllly ldea Lheyre
LoLally unconnecLed 8uL before we go on
spend a couple of mlnuLes Lrylng Lo come up
wlLh a few ldeas
W 8andom lcLure ?ou should
look aL Lhe plcLure exLracL a
concepL or ldea from lL and use
Lhls ldea Lo sLlmulaLe a posslble
soluLlon Lo your problem 1ry Lo
see anyLhlng ln Lhe plcLure
whlch remlnds you of your
problem and how lL mlghL be
solved
W alse 8ules
W ?ou are Laklng a rule quoLe ldea or
suggesLlon from somewhere else and
applylng lL Lo your own slLuaLlon lL ls
known as a false rule because Lhe rule
has noL been consldered as valld before
8y geLLlng a false rule and forclng yourself
Lo use lL you flnd yourself Lhlnklng abouL
dolng Lhlngs ln a dlfferenL way Lhan you
would normally
W 8andom WebslLe
W uslng Lhe 8andom WebslLe Lechnlque
you look aL a random webslLe gaLher Lhe
ldeas whlch are used Lhere and use Lhem
Lo come up wlLh new ldeas and soluLlons
for yourself
SCML8
ubst|tute
CComb|ne
AAdapt
MMod|fy]d|stort
ut to oter purposes
LL||m|nate
kkearrange keverse
W Search 8eapply
W Challenge acLs
W Lscape
W nalogles
W Wlshful 1hlnklng
W 1hesaurus
W 1he maln dlfflculLy of Lhlnklng ls confuslon
We Lry Lo do Loo much aL once LmoLlons
lnformaLlon loglc hope and creaLlvlLy all
crowd ln on us lL ls llke [uggllng wlLh Loo
many balls 1he soluLlon? Ldward de 8ono
unscrambles Lhe declslonmaklng process
wlLh hls slx Lhlnklng haLs WhlLe PaL
whlLe ls neuLral and ob[ecLlve concerned
wlLh facLs and flgures
W 8ed PaL glves Lhe emoLlonal vlew
W 8lack PaL gloomy and negaLlve Lhe devlls
advocaLe haL
W ?ellow PaL sunny and poslLlve
W Creen PaL assoclaLed wlLh ferLlle growLh
creaLlvlLy new ldeas
W 8lue PaL blue ls cool Lhe color of Lhe sky
above every Lhlng else Lhe organlzlng haL
Slx 1hlnklng PaLs
Caracter|st|cs of te
Creat|ve erson
W Curlous
W Seeks problems
W Ln[oys challenge
W CpLlmlsLlc
W ble Lo suspend [udgmenL
W ComforLable wlLh lmaglnaLlon
W Sees problems as opporLunlLles
W Sees problems as lnLeresLlng
W roblems are emoLlonally accepLable
W Challenges assumpLlons
W uoesnL glve up easlly perseveres works
hard
W Latera| @|nk|ng
1 1here ls a man who llves on Lhe Lop floor of a very Lall
bulldlngLveryday he geLs Lhe elevaLor down Lo Lhe ground
floor Lo leave Lhe bulldlng Lo go Lo workupon reLurnlng from
work Lhough he can only Lravel half way up ln Lhe llfL and has
Lo walk Lhe resL of Lhe way unless lLs ralnlng! Why?
W 2 man and hls son are ln a car accldenL 1he faLher dles on
Lhe scenebuL Lhe chlld ls rushed Lo Lhe hosplLal When he
arrlves Lhe surgeon saysl canL operaLe on Lhls boy he ls my
son! Pow can Lhls be?
3 man ls wearlng black 8lack shoes socks Lrousers lumper
gloves and balaclava Pe ls walklng down a black sLreeL wlLh all
Lhe sLreeL lamps off black car ls comlng Lowards hlm wlLh lLs
llghL off buL somehow manages Lo sLop ln Llme Pow dld Lhe
drlver see Lhe man?
4 Why ls lL beLLer Lo have round manhole covers Lhan square
ones? 1hls ls loglcal raLher Lhan laLeral buL lL ls a good puzzle
LhaL can be solved by laLeral Lhlnklng Lechnlques lL ls
supposedly used by a very wellknown sofLware company as an
lnLervlew quesLlon for prospecLlve employees
3 man wenL Lo a parLy and drank some of Lhe punch Pe Lhen
lefL earlyLveryone else aL Lhe parLy who drank Lhe punch !
subseque nLly dled of polsonlng Why dld Lhe man noL dle?
W 6 man walks lnLo a bar and asks Lhe barman for a glass of
waLer 1he barman pulls ouL a gun and polnLs lL aL Lhe man
1he man says 1hank you and walks ouL
W
1 @e man |s very very sort and can on|y reac a|fway up te e|evator
buttons owever|f |t |s ra|n|ng ten e w||| ave |s umbre||a w|t |m
and can press te |ger buttons w|t |t
@e surgeon was |s moter
It was day t|me
A square mano|e cover can be turned and dropped down te d|agona|
of te mano|e A round mano|e cannot be dropped down te mano|e
o for safety and pract|ca||ty a|| mano|e covers sou|d be round
S @e po|son |n te punc came from te |ce cubes Jen te man Drank
te punc te |ce was fu||y frozen Gradua||y |t me|ted po|son|ng te
punc
6 @e man ad |ccups @e barman recogn|zed t|s from |s speec and
drew te gun |n order to g|ve |m a sock It worked and cured te
|ccupsso te man no |onger needed te water
@e Answers are
1hank you