Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Legal Systems
Common law, derived from English law and found in England, the United States, and other countries once under English influence; Civil or code law, derived from Roman law and found in Germany, Japan, France, and other non-Islamic and non-Marxist countries; Islamic law, derived from the interpretation of Koran and found in Pakistan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and other Islamic states. A commercial legal system in the Marxist-socialist economies of Russia and the republics of the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, China and other states. The basis of Common law is traditions, past practices, and legal precedents set by the courts through interpretations of statutes, legal legislations and past rulings; code law is based on an all-inclusive system of written rules (codes) of law. There are fundamental differences causing difficulty in obedience of laws of either country, parent or host.
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Were the parties in these cases absolved of their obligations under the contract?
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Legal Systems
Islamic law, defines a complete system that prescribes specific patterns of social and economic behavior for all individuals.
Banking in Dubai, UAE, requires an understanding of Islamic law and customs. Prohibitions against the payment of interest and prohibition against investments in businesses dealing with alcohol and gambling are two tenets of Islamic law affecting the banking industry.
Marxist-socialist tenets have developed variably among the different countries because of their different backgrounds and different stages of economic development.
Central European countries have revised and reconstituted their legal codes post world war II. Russia and China, though both have built their legal systems from the scratch but the difference lies in that Russia is moving towards a democratic system, whereas, Chinas attempts are to activate a private sector within a mixed economy.
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In an attempt to control counterfeits, China passed a law that allows customers to demand a double refund for fake merchandise sold in department stores. Counterfeiting CDs, toys, and similar products cost companies billions of dollars in lost revenue and may damage the products brand image, but counterfeits in pharmaceutical industry can do serious physical harm. Another problem is collusion between the contract manufacturers and the illegitimate sellers.
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Japan
Operates under first to register rule Promotes technology sharing Patent applications public Patents granted in four to six years Patents valid 20 years from application
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Once an IPR is registered, most countries require that these rights be worked and properly policed. Commercial laws within countries
Marketing laws- vast differences exist in enforcement and interpretation among various countries. Green Marketing Legislation Antitrust Laws Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and bribery
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