HINDUISM

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INTRODUCTION
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Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world. Hinduism is the third largest religion. Hinduism is also known as Sanatana Dharma and Vaidika Dharma. Hinduism believes in idol worshipped. Hinduism have numbers of sacred books.

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INTRODUCTION cont
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ORIGIN:
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The origin was dated back to 5000 or more years. Hindu is derived from the name of river Indus.

FACTS:
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It is the oldest surviving religion in the world. Hinduism believe in the concept of Karma.
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TRADITIONS

Hindus is centered to devotion of God. There are three possible paths to liberation

Karmamarga

Jnanamarga

Bhaktimarga

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BELIEF

Hinduism gods and goddess are the personification of the cosmic strength. Hinduism believes in caste system. Hinduism believes in one and all pervasive Supreme Being. Hinduism believes in Karma. Hinduism believes in reincarnation of the soul until it attain moksha.
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EPICS OR ITIHAS

There are 2 epics or Itihas:

The Ramayana Mahabharata

The

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SACRED BOOKS

The Main shruti texts

The

Four Vedas 108 Upanishads Vedanta Sutra

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The

The

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The Main smriti texts

The

Itihasas (histories or epics) Bhagavad-gita (philosophy) Puranas (stories and histories) Dharma Shastra (law books)
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The

The

The

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Others
The

Vedangas (limbs of the Vedas) Upavedas (following the Vedas) texts (e.g. agamas, tantras) literature
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The

Sectarian

Vernacular

SACRED BOOKS cont

VEDAS

The vedas contain hymns, incantations, and rituals from ancient India The Four Vedas

The Rig Veda "Royal Knowledge The Sama Veda - "Knowledge of Chants The Yajur Veda - "Knowledge of Sacrificial Rituals The Atharva Veda - "Knowledge of Incarnations
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UPANISHADS
Upanishads There

were so called because they were taught to those who sat down besides their teacher. are 108 extant Upanishads of which 13 are most important:

Isa,

Kena,

Katha

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SACRED BOOKS cont

Prashna,

Mundaka,

Mandukya,

Taitiriya,

Aitareya,

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Chandogya,

Brihadaranyaka,

Kaushitaki,

Shvetashvatara,

Maitri. 4/14/12

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Vendata Sutra
It

is also called the Brahma Sutras.

There

are a total of 550 aphorisms divided between four chapters.

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SACRED BOOKS cont

The BHAGAVAD GITA

It

is called as the Song of the Adorable One. Bhagavad Gita is a central text of Hinduism.

The

It

discuss the different threads of Hindu philosophy.

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SACRED BOOKS cont

The Puranas
The

puranas deals with the later deities- Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. puranas deals with the myths.

The

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SACRED BOOKS cont

The Dharma Shastra

The

Dharma Shastras include the law codes of Hinduism. deal with three main subjects:
of conduct, and criminal law, and
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They

codes civil

punishment and atonement.

DEITIES
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HINDUISM GODS
Brahma
Brahma

is the creator.

Brahma

made a goddess out of himself called Gayatri. daily alternation of light and dark attributed to the activity of Brahma.
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The

is

DEITIES cont
Vishnu

Vishnu

is the preserver and the creation. has 10 incarnations to incarnate human form to set balanced and wrong.

protector of

Vishnu

in a between right

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DEITIES cont
Vishnu

is shown with four attributes or weapons:

In one hand Vishnu holds the couch Sankha. second hand of Vishnu holds the Vaijra. third hand of Vishnu holds the club.

or

The

disc or

The

The

forth hand Vishnu holds the lotus 4/14/12 Padma.

or

DEITIES cont

The 10 Avtars of Vishnu are: Matsya

or the Fish incarnation

Kurma

or the Turtle incarnation or the Boar incarnation or the Lion incarnation

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Varaha

Narasingha

DEITIES cont
Parasurama

Ram

Krishna

Buddha

Kalki

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DEITIES cont
Shiva

Shiva

is the god of the yogis, selfcelibate. shiva is the destroyer of the world.

controlled and

Lord

Shiva

has many forms, which are visible Panchavaktra form.

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in his

DEITIES
Balrama

Balrama

is a symbol of strength, son, an ideal brother and and god. is a protector from desires, the strength, symbolizing duty, simplicity.

an obedient husband, an ideal man

He

divinity of honesty and

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DEITIES cont
Dhanwantari

Dhanwantari

is the physician of the

gods. who taught

He

is also considered as a great surgeon Ayurvedic surgery to Susrutha

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DEITIES cont
Ganesha

The

Hindu tradition begins with the of lord Ganesha. became the Lord (Isha) of all existing beings.

invocation

Ganesha

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DEITIES cont
Garuda

Garuda

is the king of the birds.

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DEITIES cont
Hanuman

Hanuman

is the monkey deity for his courage, power and service.

renowned faithful, selfless

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DEITIES cont
Indra
Indra

is the god of thunder and rain and a great warrior, a symbol of courage and strength. mount is the elephant Airavata and he also has a golden chariot drawn by ten thousands horses. is as quick as the wind and carries a hook, sword, conch, noose, a rainbow and much feared magic weapon Vaijra.

Indras

Indra

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DEITIES cont
Kartikay

Kartikay

Ganesha.

is the son of Shiva and brother to

Kartikay

is the scientist of the gods. the

Kartikay

is the commander of the army of gods and slew the demon taraka.
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DEITIES cont
Krishna

Krishna

is usually regarded as the eight of lord Vishnu . Krishna is the embodiment of love joy that destroys all pain and sin.

incarnation

Lord

and divine

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DEITIES cont
Kurma

Kurma

(or the Koorm Avatar) is the tortoise-incarnation of lord

second, Vishnu.

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DEITIES cont
Maya
The

literal meaning of the word Maya illusion. creates the ignorance of the

is

Maya

individual self.

Maya

shakti is the divine power which brings out the evolution of this present world.
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DEITIES cont
Ram

Ram is the 7th incarnation of Vishnu and the central figure of the Ramayana (Ramayan) epic. took birth to free the earth from the cruelty and sins of the demon King Ravana(Ravan).

Ram

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DEITIES cont

Vamana

Vanama is the 5th incarnation of Vishnu, born as a dwarf into the household of a Brahmin priest. defeated the demon king Bali .

Vanama

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HINDUISM GODDESS
Annapurna

Annapurna

cooking.

is the hindu goddess of food

and

Annapurna

is empowered with the ability supply food to an unlimited amount of

people.

to

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DEITIES cont
Annapurna

Parvati.

is the incarnation of the Hindu

Goddess

Annapurna

also symbolizes the divine aspect of nourishing care.

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Bhuvaneshwari

Bhuvaneshwari

is the Queen(Ishvari) phenomenal world (Bhuvan). is interested in the welfare of her resides in the hearth chakra. is one of the 10

of the

She

subjects and

Bhavaneshwari

Mahavidyas.
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DEITIES cont
Dhumavati

Dhumavati She She

is the smoky form of Shakti.

is also known as the eternal widow.

is called Alakshmi, the one who is without lakshmi or radiance. is the Divine Mother at the time of the deluge, when the earth is under water. is one of the ten Mahavidyas.
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Dhumavati Dhumavati

DEITIES cont
Durga

The

name Durga in Sanskrit means invincible. is an incarnation of Devi or the Mother Goddess, a unified symbol of forces. Hindu goddess Durga manifested evil forces threatened the very gods. all divine when existence of the

Durga

The

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DEITIES cont
The

syllable du is synonymous with the 4 devils of poverty, suffering, famine and evil habits. The r refers to diseases and the ga is the destroyer of sins, injustice, irreligion, cruelty and laziness.

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DEITIES cont
Ganga

The

goddess ganga incarnated as the (Ganges) river. was born from the water in kamandula. was very pretty and danced heavens to the delight of all.

Ganga Brahmas in the

Ganga Ganga

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DEITIES cont
Kali
Kali Kali Kali

is a ferocious form of the Divine

Mother. transformation

is the goddess of time and of the that is death (kala).

is the Kundalini energy that paralyses the attachments produced by the solar and lunar currents. Hindu goddess Kali is the first of Mahavidyas. Therefore Kali is the first born. the ten known as Adya

The

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DEITIES cont
Lakshmi

Lakshmi

is the daughter of the sage and took refuge in the ocean of gods were sent into exile. hand was given to Vishnu.

Bhrigu milk when the

Laksmhi

Lakshmi

was reborn as his consort each Vishnu incarnate.

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time when

DEITIES cont
Lakshmi

is the goddess of light, beauty, fortune and wealth. also signifies love and grace.

good

Lakshmi

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Matangi

Matangi

is the Dark one, a form of incarnated as the daughter

Saraswati of Matang Rishi.

Matangi

is one of the ten mahavidyas.

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DEITIES cont
Matangi

resides in the throat chakra and radiant like the moon.

is

Matangi

is invoked to achieve command over speech, creativity and knowledge among others.

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DEITIES cont
Saraswati

Saraswati

is the Hindu goddess of music and all the creative arts. is called as the Mother of the and the repository of brahmas intelligence.

knowledge,

Saraswati

vedas creative

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DEITIES cont
Saraswati

is also called Vak devi, the

goddess of

speech.
Dressed

in white, Saraswati holds a mala palmleaf scroll indicating knowledge.

and a

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DEITIES cont
Shakti

Shakti

is the divine force, manifesting to destroy demonic forces and restore balance. is the mother goddess, the source of all the universal principle of energy, power or creativity.

Shakti

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DEITIES cont
Sita

Sita

symbolizes an ideal daughter, wife, and queen. represents all that is great and noble womanhood. is revered as the incarnation of the Lakshmi, the divine consort

mother

Sita

in

She

goddess of Lord Vishnu.

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CONCLUSION

Hinduism is a vast religion. There is no specific origin and founder. Hinduism worship different deities as per their wishes. Hinduism have more than 33 crore deities. Hinduism is still following the caste system until date.
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