DEMOCRACY vs DICTATORSHIP

Subimtted to : Manpreet Singh Lovely Professional University Submitted By: AMOL KUMAR Roll No. B 42

Definition of Democracy and Dictatorship

Democracy Democracies are multiparty political systems that rest on the principle of rule by the people, for the people and of the people. Dictatorship Dictatorships are one party political system that is ruled by one leader or an elite group of people under the principle of authoritarianism.

What is Dictatorship?
Some feel that dictatorships are the most effective form of government because decisions are made quickly and extreme nationalism benefits the military and economy. These individuals value order, nationalism, and authority. However, these systems often result in violence, repression of the public, and few provisions for changes to the system.

What is Democracy?
Most people that live in democracies have civil liberties, and political rights. Individual who feel that multiparty systems are the best government value equality, accountability, and freedom. Nations that have multiparty political systems will meet the needs of the public better through the means of political equality, a higher standard of living, and civil liberties.

Analysis of Dictatorship
Dictatorships often occur when a nation is economically and politically unstable. In a system of authoritarian rule decisions are made efficiently because very few people are involved in the decision making process. The leader or elite group at the head of the government decides on new policies and economic measures, then makes sure that the public abides by them by using tactics of force and indoctrination. Dictatorial systems have helped nations recover from economic turmoil many times in the past. The extreme nationalism that is born from propaganda and government sponsored youth organizations encourages people to work harder for the benefit of their country.

Contd.
Newly motivated work forces easily meet their production goals. If the leader of a dictatorship is capable the country can rise to hold a great amount of international power. Building up the military is an important step to gain power. A strong military will discourage other countries from attacking and also discourage the citizens of the country from rebelling. The force of nationalism, and new laws that can be easily passed regarding education (such that every male of a certain age must serve time in the military) allow military strength of dictatorships to multiply.

Examples of Dictatorship
One of the best example of this is Napoleons dictatorship in 1799 in France. The example of this is Hitlerss dictatorship during 1921 in Germany. The Soviet Union experienced a dictatorial system from 1917 to 1985, under the rule of Vladimir Lenin, and later Joseph Stalin.

Analysis of Democracy
Democracy is a form of government in which all people have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Ideally, this includes equal (and more or less direct) participation in the proposal, development and passage of legislation into law. It can also encompass social, economic and cultural conditions that enable the free and equal practice of political self-determination.

Different forms of Democracy

Representative democracy Representative democracy involves the selection of government officials by the people being represented. If the head of state is also democratically elected then it is called a democratic republic.

Contd.
Parliamentary democracy Parliamentary democracy is a representative democracy where government is appointed by parliamentary representatives as opposed to a 'presidential rule' wherein the President is both head of state and the head of government and is elected by the voters.

Contd.
Presidential Democracy Presidential Democracy is a system where the public elects the president through free and fair elections. The president serves as both the head of state and head of government controlling most of the executive powers.

Contd.
Semi-Presidential Democracy A semi-presidential system is a system of democracy where the government contains both a Prime Minister and a President.

Contd.
Liberal Democracy / Constitutional Democracy A Liberal democracy is a representative democracy in which the ability of the elected representatives to exercise decision-making power is subject to the rule of law, and usually moderated by a constitution that emphasizes the protection of the rights and freedoms of individuals, and which places constraints on the leaders and on the extent to which the will of the majority can be exercised against the rights of minorities.

Democracy in India
The government of India is framed according to the Constitution. The architects of Indias constitution, though drawing on many external sources, were most heavily influenced by the British model of parliamentary democracy. In addition, a number of principles were adopted from the United States Constitution, including the separation of powers among the major branches of government, the establishment of a supreme court, and albeit in modified form, of a federal structure (a constitutional division of power between the union [central] and state governments). The new constitution took effect on 26 January 1950 and proclaimed India a sovereign socialist secular democratic republic

Recommendations
Democracy in modern times has almost always faced opposition from the existing government. The implementation of a democratic government within a non-democratic state is typically brought about by democratic revolution. Currently, opposition to democracy exists most notably in communist states, and absolute monarchies which appear to have various reasons for opposing the implementation of democracy or democratic reforms. Economists have strongly criticized the efficiency of democracy. They base this on their premise of the irrational voter. Their argument is that voters are highly uninformed about many political issues, especially relating to economics, and have a strong bias about the few issues on which they are fairly knowledgeable.

Contd.
In dictatorship speaking out against the government and dissenting was strongly forbidden and could result in exile or execution. Civil liberties were virtually non existent. People did not have the freedom to develop their own views and ideas because they were constantly being indoctrinated with the ideas of the government. If one were to exercise the freedom of assembly or demonstration in a dictatorial system they would be killed or imprisoned.

Bibliography
www.carnegieendowment.org www.en.wikipedia/democracy www.en.wikipedia/dictatordship www.robertwisdom.com