Industrial Engineers, OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety

Prepared by:
Abarca, Ana Ceniza M. Calipay, Caroljoy C. Garabiles, Ranie April T. Segunla, Cristy E. Sevilla, Mary Anne C. Zamora, Richelle A. Tatoy, Arlene

OVERVIEW

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER

Determine the most effective ways for an organization to use the basic factors of production - people, machines, materials, information, and energy - to make a product or to provide a service. They are the bridge between management goals and operational performance.

OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety

They are more concerned with increasing productivity through the management of people, methods of business organization, and technology than engineers in other specialties, who generally work more with products or processes.

Most industrial engineers work in manufacturing industries, they may also work in consulting services, healthcare, and communications.

WORKPLACE HAZARDS

Physical agents such as noise and heat Powered mechanical agents such as machinery and tools Non powered mechanical agents such as hammers, axes, and knives Liquid chemical agents such as benzene and toluene Powered materials such as pesticides, asbestos, sand, and coal dust

OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety

Gaseous or vaporous chemical agents such as nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, and anhydrous ammonia Heavy metals such as lead and mercury Biological agents such as bacteria and viruses Genetically engineered agents Other hazards, such as wet working surfaces, unguarded floor openings, job stress, and the unsafe behavior of others

OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety

These hazards enter the body through various avenues including:

inhalation into the lungs and nose absorption through the skin and other membranes Ingestion into the throat and stomach Traumatic contact with various body surfaces and organs In case of job stress, through cognitive mental processes

OCCUPATIONAL Health & Safety

Traditional hazards such as unexpected energy release and chemicals are still major concerns in the workplace Other new hazards will appear, exotic products of genetic engineering and biotechnology while others will be the products of our ability to harness the laws of physics and chemistry with advanced engineering designs The physical and biological hazards will become more prevalent and dangerous than they are today There will also be more physical and psychological work demands that can lead to psychological stress

MEASURING HAZARD POTENTIAL AND SAFETY PERFORMANCE

To control occupational hazards and related illness and injuries, it is necessary to define their nature and predict when and where they will occur. Two (2) parallel systems of information have been used to attain this purpose:
Hazard

identification It uses employee injury and company loss-control information to define problem spots based on the extent of injuries and costs to the organization

INSPECTION PROGRAM

Hazard identification prior to the occurrence of an occupational injury is a major goal of a hazard inspection program most effective: identifying permanent fixed physical and environmental hazards that do not vary over time. not effective: identifying transient physical and environmental hazards or improper workplace behaviors because these hazards may not be present when the inspection is taking place

INSPECTION PROGRAM

A major benefit from inspections, beyond hazard recognition, is the positive motivational influence on employees. Inspection of all work areas should be conducted at least weekly for cleanliness, clutter and traffic flow.

THING TO BE DONE :

To develop a checklist that identifies all potential hazards - requires that the inspectors know what to look for and where to look for it and have the proper tools to conduct an effective assessment Random spot checking is another method that can indicate whether the hazard control remains effective

Factors to be inspected:
Machinery, tools and materials Chemicals, gases, vapors and biological agents Environmental conditions

THING TO BE DONE :
Should

also determine

Frequency

of inspections necessary to detect and control hazards The individuals who should conduct and/or participate in the inspections The instrumentation needed to make measurements of the hazard

THING TO BE DONE :

Frequency of inspections should be based on the nature of hazards being evaluated Hazards that require inspection:
Their

potential to cause an injury or illness The potential seriousness of the injuries or illnesses The number of people exposed to the hazard The number of injuries and illnesses at a workplace related to a specific hazard Hazardous conditions defined by federal, state, and local regulations

General Inspection should cover:

Plant grounds Building and related structures Towers, platforms, or other additions Transportations access equipment and routes Work areas Machinery

General Inspection should cover:

Tools Materials handling Housekeeping Electrical installations and wiring Floor loading Stairs and stairways Elevators Roofs and chimneys

We would add to this:

Chemicals, biological agents, radiation, etc. Ergonomic stressors Psychosocial stressors