Professional Documents
Culture Documents
THE 21 CENTURY
ST
Development in contraception
Not at pace of tech dev:
Dev however note worthy and
attitude in developing countries
changing
Slow pace
Physical
Behavioral
Medical
Surgical
VAGINAL RINGS
Two types : combined and po
Combined estrogens and
progestin rings
Good cycle control, steady
delivery of hormones > OC
Under a woman's control:
insertion and removal; any
where in vagina that is most
comfortable/ upper vagina
RINGS
S/E
Combined patches
Ortho Evra( ortho—McNeil)
Releases 150ug of norelgestromin and
20ug of EE.
Patch change wkly for 3wks, 1wk free
Design
Safety in B/F
NORPLANT : 6 CAPS
S/E bleeding
Newer implants
1 to 2 rods or caps
Rods> casules
Rods: filled with steroid crystals
and polymer
Capsules: hollow polymer tubes
filled with free steroid crystals
New implants
PROGESTINS AND
ESTROGENS
MONTHLY INJ.
Better cycle control and
Early return of fertility
Examples
Cyclofem, cycloprovera,
mesigyna
Dev on for some time
Not widely available
Effectiveness
Inhibits ovulation, acts on cervix and
endometrium
0.1 to 0.4 preg for every 100 women
S/E
CYCLOFEM/
CYCLOPROVERA.
FEMINENA/LUNELLE/LUNELL
A: 25mg MPA + 5mg estradiol
cypionate
MESIGYNA/NORIGYNON:
50mg norethisterone
enanthate+ 5mg estradiol
valerate
CONDOMS
MALE CONDOMS
Synthetic nonlatex: polyurethrane,
styrene ethylene butylene
styrene (SEBS) sold as tactylon
Non latex condoms
Like barrier
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
CONTINOUS USE:
NEW
Insertion and removal easier
Reduce expulsion , pain and
bleeding
Examples
IUS- PROG containing
Frameless IUD (GyneFix)
Progestin releasing IUS
MIRENA: levonorgestrel;
20ug/day: use for 5 yrs
As effective as sterilisation
GyneFix
NO PLASTIC T SHAPE FRAME
Several copper cylinders tied
together on a string
Anchored 1cm deep into fundus
Cause less pain and bleeding
GyneFix
DECREASE BLEEDING
INCR. EXPULSION
DIFF INSERTION TECHNIQUE
HIGH SKILL
OTHERS
FibroPlant-LNG
FRAMELESS
Contains LNG
TRANSCERVICAL FEMALE
STERILIZATION
Safer and easier
Chemicals : quinacrine
Plugs: Adriana method
Microcols: essure
Old methods: minilap, lap.;
skilled persons, sterile condition
Newer methods : increase
access: no surgery
ESSURE-MICROCOIL
Spring like device inserted via
hysteroscope via cervix into tubes
Scar tissue form over it in 3 months
Local anaesthesia< 1 hour
90% success
Like BTL
Not reversible
Back up contraception till 3
months
Expensive
Quinacrine- a chemical
compound
Pellets inserted into uterus-
tubal scarring
No physician needed