WHAT IS FAULT ?

- Any unwanted flow of current is Fault.

WHAT IS ELECTRIC SHOCK ?

- If the fault current involves Body, it is called shock. Which gives injury and pain and can be fatal sometime.

WHAT ARE THE REASONS BEHIND THIS ?

(1) Unsafe conditions (2) Unsafe acts (3) Negative habits and Attitude (4) Lack of Supervision
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UNSAFE CONDITIONS
Unprotected / Inadequate Protection Defective tools or equipments Unsafe design of machine Hazardous arrangement Improper Illumination, Ventilation, Clothing Bad housekeeping Unsafe process
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UNSAFE ACTS
Operating without authority Operating at unsafe speed Bypass safety Unsafe equipments / Mishandling equipment Unsafe loading or placing Unsafe position
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NEGATIVE HABITS/ATTITUDE
Stubbornness : "I will do it in my own way Over confidence : "It could never happen to me Sarcasm : "What safety, safety is kid stuff? Carelessness : "Why should I bother about it? Impatience : "It will take me a lot of time to it in safe way Ignorance : "I was not aware it is dangerous to do it that way
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NEGATIVE HABITS/ATTITUDE
Laziness : "It will take a lot of effort and trouble to do it the right way Forgetfulness : "I wanted to do it the safe way, but I forget Showing off : "No problem, see how i do it

I DONT KNOW

ROLE OF SUPERVISOR
Takes initiative with Management Takes care of equipments Takes proud in knowing safety Takes leadership in new activity Enforces good housekeeping Keeps eyes on weakest worker Continues Talk safety
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ROLE OF SUPERVISOR
Establishes good relation with Union Sets himself as example Creates environment for working together Analyze accident & Corrective measures Passes information to everybody Allocated jobs with safety equipments

EARTHING
Earth Terminal :- It is terminals provided on the frame of machine for the purpose of making connection to earth.
Earth Continuity conductor :- It is a conductor connecting earthing lead those parts of an installation which are required to be earthed. It can be in the form of : o Metal strip o Metal conduit o Sheath of cable o Flexible conductor
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EARTHING
Earth Lead :- It is the final conductor by which connection to the earth electrode is made. Earth Electrode :- It is a conductor/combination of conductor buried in the earth in order to complete connection.
Value of Earthing resistance should be less then 1 ohm. Checks :Should be checked once in a year, especially computer & communication earth pits Watering should be done in summer
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SAFETY PRACTICE BENEFIT OF SHOES

(1) Without shoes L.T. service :Considering body resistance to be 1000 Ohms Flow of current = 220/1000

= 220 mA - Fatal
(2) With Shoes :Considering shoes resistance to be 1000 Ohms(Wet) Flow of current = 220/2000 = 110 mA Less Fatal
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TOUCH & STEP VOLTAGE

Touch Voltage Step Voltage

220 V Vt Touching the body of m/c Voltage across feets Remote fault can damage Totally avoided by earthing
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Dangerous
Full voltage is applied

PREVENTION OF ACCIDENT
Earth Motors to reduce Touch voltage Transformer Neutral MUST be earthed Provide rubber mat in front of panels Keep the panel doors always closed Keep the cable trenches closed Avoid temporary connections Use proper instrument
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PREVENTION OF ACCIDENT
Use Danger sign boards Fencing should be provided for Tr. Yard

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MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES
Safety Committee Equip workers with proper tools Create awareness by Safety week Posters & Safety awards Stress on work discipline at all levels Work permit system Plan Routine maintenance programmes
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IF YOU DO NOT EARTH YOU WILL BE EARTHED

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THANK YOU
kapil jani- www.jptechnosoft.com

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