Sman 3 Semarang: Bandingkan Mana Yang Lebih Stabil ?

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Bandingkan Mana Yang Lebih Stabil ?
SMAN 3 SEMARANG
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Compare which one is more stable? Single New Couple
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Compare, which one is more stable?

Single
New Couple
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Couple
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Berisi Sistem Periodik unsur untuk membantu mencari no atom
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CHEMICAL BOND
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Basic of Competence
Describe possibility of chemical bond occurs by using periodic table
Indicators:
Explain the tendency of element to reach its stability by binding with another elements Describe composition of noble gas valence electron (duplet and octet)and lewis stcture Explain the occurance process of ionic and covalent bond and compound specimen explore polarity of several compoundand its association electronegativity through experiment Explain formation process of coordination bond in several simplcompound speciments Explain formation process of metallic bond and its association with metal physical properties
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Configuration Ionic Bond Covalent Bond Metallic bond SPU
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Noble Gas Configuration

2
2He
Configuration Stability of Noble Gas

Kulit n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6
He Ne
2 2 8
Ar
Kr Xe Rn
2
2 2 2
8
8 8 8
8
18 18 18 8 18 32 8 18
8
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
Noble gas electron configuration is full configuration and most stable with amount valence electron 8 (oktet) except He has valence electron 2(duplet).
18Ar
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Configuration Ionic Bond Covalent BondMetallic Bond SPU
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Noble Gas Configuration

2
2He
Stability of Noble Gas Configuration

Kulit n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6
He Ne
2 2 8
Ar
Kr Xe Rn
2
2 2 2
8
8 8 8
8
18 18 18 8 18 32 8 18
8
2 8
10Ne
Others atom tend to stable as nearest noble gas.

2 8 8
Others element atom can reach their stability become oktet or duplet by 2 ways: 1. Electron transfer (Ionic bond) 2. Sharing a pair of electron(covalent bond)
18Ar
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Konfigurasi Ikatan ion Ik. Kovalen Ik. Logam Lihat SPU
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Noble gas configuration

2
2He
The Way to reach Atoms Stability

Atom 3Li is near with?
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He
The way to reach Atoms Stability

3Li 3Li
atomic is near with?
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
configuration : 2 1 In order to Li atomic is stable like noble gas, Li tends to / gain electron give
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He
The way to reach atoms stability

3Li 3Li
atomic is near with
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
configuration: 2 1 In order to Li atomic can stable is like noble gas tend to or electron gain give How many electrons that is given? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 8
10Ne
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2 8 8
18Ar
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Noble gas Configuration

2
2He
The Way to reach atoms stability

3Li 3Li
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
configuration: 2 1 In order to Li atomic is stable like noble gas tend to or Give electron Gain How many electron is given? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 8
10Ne
Li gives 1 electron form Li+ that is stable

2 8 8 2 1 2
18Ar
Li
Li+ (stable)
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Configuration Ionic bond Covalent bond Metallic bond SPU
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2
2He
The way to write atoms stability

17Cl
atom is near with?
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He

17Cl
atom is near with?
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
configuration of 17Cl : 2 8 7 gas, Cl tends to Gain
in order Cl is stable like noble / Give electron
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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Configuration Ionic Bond Covalent bond Metallic Bond SPU
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2
2He

17Cl
atom is near with?
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration 17Cl : 2 8 7 In order to Cl atomic can stable is like noble gas, Cl tends to Gain / electron Give How many electron that can be received? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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Configuration Ionic Bond Covalent Metallic Bond SPU
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2
2He

17Cl
atom is near with?
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 17Cl : 2 8 7 In order to Cl atomic can stable is like Noble gas, Cl tends to Gain / electron Give How many electron can be received? 1 2
17Cl
2 8
10Ne
Cl receive 1 elektron to form Cl- that is stable

Cl- (stable)
2 8 8 28 7
18Ar
2 8 8
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2
2He

20Ca
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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Konfigurasi gas mulia

2
2He

20Ca
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 20Ca: 2 8 8 2 In order Ca atom can stable is like noble gas, Ca tends to Gain / Give electron
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2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He
THE WAY TO REACH ATOMS STABILITY

20Ca
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 20Ca: 2 8 8 2 noble gas, Ca tends to Gain
In order to Ca can stable is like / electron Give
How many electron that is given?

2 8
KLIK SALAH SATU
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He

20Ca
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 20Ca: 2 8 8 2 noble gas, Ca tends to Gain
In order to Ca can stable is like / elektron Give
How many electron that is given?

2 8
1
20Ca
10Ne
Ca gives 2 electrons to form Ca2+ that is stable

Ca2+ (stable)
2 8 8 2 8 8 2 2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He

8O
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He

8O
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 8Cl : 2 6 In order to Cl atomic can stable is like noble gas, Cl tends to Gain / / Give electron
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8
10Ne
2 8 8
18Ar
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2
2He

8O
atomic is near with? 6 Gain
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 8Cl : 2 noble gas,Cl tends to
In order to Cl can be stable as / electron Give
2 8
How many electron is gained? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
10Ne
KLIK SALAH SATU
2 8 8
18Ar
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Configuration Ionic bond Covalent bond Metallic bond
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Noble gas Configuration

2
2He

8O
He Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe Rn
Configuration of 8Cl : 2 6 In order to Cl can be stable as noble gas, Cl tends to electron Gain/ Give How many electron is gained? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 8
10Ne
O receives 2 electrons to form O2- that is stable
2 8 8 2 6 28
18Ar
8O
O2- (Stable)
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Ionic Bond is a bonding formed as a result of electrons transfer. This leads to the formation of positive and negative ions which have the noble gas
1. Example: Li2O bond (Litium Oksida)
Metal element ( Li with configuration 2 1) tends to be stable by giving 1 electron to form Li+
Electron that is given by Li metal is gained by non-metal atom ( O with configuration 2 6 ). To reach its stablity, O needs 2 electrons to form O2- . So that, 1 atom O needs 2 atom Li
To help your understanding, please klick ilustration below!

Klick this button to watch electrons transfer
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1. Example: Li2O bond (Litium Oksida) Metal element ( Li with configuration 2 1) tends to be stable by giving 1 electron to form Li+ Electron that is given by Li metal is gained by non-metal atom ( O with configuration 2 6 ). To reach its stablity, O needs 2 electrons to form O2- . So that, 1 atom O needs 2 atom Li
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1. Example: Li2O (Litium Oksida) Metal element ( Li with configuration 2 1) tends to be stable by giving 1 electron to form Li+ Electron that is given by Li metal is gained by non-metal atom ( O with configuration 2 6 ). To reach its stablity, O needs 2 electrons to form O2- . So that, 1 atom O needs 2 atom Li
Li+ (stabil) Li
Li and O form Li2O
28
Li+ (stabil) Li
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O2- (Stabil) O
Lihat Ulang
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2. Example: NaCl bond (Natrium klorida)

Na ( logam ) has atomic number 11 with configuration 2 8 1, tends to Electron ? gain give /
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Na ( logam ) has atomic number 11 with configuration 2 8 1, tends to Electron ? gain give / How many 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 electron is given?
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2. Example: NaCl bond (Sodium Chlorida)

Na ( logam ) has atomic number11 with configuration 2 8 1, Na tends to Electron ? gain give / As much 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cl ( non logam ) has atomic number 17 with configuration 2 8 7, Cl tends to Electron ? gain give /
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Na ( logam ) has atomic number 11 with configuration 2 8 1, Cl tends to Electron ? gain give / How many electron 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
is given?
Cl ( non logam ) has atomic number 17 with configuration 2 8 7, Cl tends to Electron ? gain give /
How many electrons id gained?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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2. Example: NaCl bond (Sodium Chlorida)

Na ( logam ) has atomic number 11 with configuration 2 8 1, Cl tends to Electron ? Gain Give / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 How many electron
is given?
Cl ( non logam ) has atomic number 17 with configuration 2 8 7, Cl tends to Electron ? gain give /
How many electrons is gained?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Electrons Tranfers
2 8 1 2 8 7
11Na
17Cl
Na ( 2 8 1 ) Na+ ( 2 8 ) + eCl ( 2 8 7 ) + e- Cl- ( 2 8 8 )
Na + Cl Na+ Cl- or NaCl

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1 Na atom needs 1 Cl atom
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Configuration Ionic bond Covalent Metallic SPU
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2. Example: MgO (Magnesium Oksida)

Mg ( logam ) has atomic number 12 with configuration 2 8 2, Mg tends to Electron ? gain give /
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2. Example: MgO bond (Magnesium Oksida)

Mg ( logam ) has atomic number 12 with configuration 2 8 2, Mg tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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2. Example : MgO bond (Magnesium Oksida)

Mg ( logam ) has atomic number 12 with configuration 2 8 2, Mg tends to Electron ? gain give / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As many as O ( non logam ) has atomic number 8, with configuration 2 6, O tends to Electron ? gain give /
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Configuration Ionic Covalent Metallic SPU
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Mg ( logam ) has atomic number 12 with configuration 2 8 2, Mg tends to Electron ? gain give / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As many as O ( non logam ) has atomic number 8 with configuration 2 6, O tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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Mg ( logam ) has atomic number 12 with configuration 2 8 2, Mg tends to Electron ? gain give / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As many as O (non metal) has atomic number 8, with configuration 2 6, O tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Electron Transfer
2 8 1 2 6
12Mg
8O
Mg ( 2 8 2 ) Mg2+ ( 2 8 ) + 2eO ( 2 6 ) + 2e- O2- ( 2 8 )
Mg + O Mg2+ O2- or MgO

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1 Mg atomic needs 1 O atomic
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Konfigurasi Ionic Covalent Metallic SPU
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2. Example : CaCl2 bond (Natrium klorida)

Ca (metal) has atomic number 20, with configuration 2 8 8 2, Ca tends to Electron ? gain give /
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2. Example : CaCl2 bond (Natrium klorida)

Ca (metal) has atomic number 20, with configuration 2 8 8 2, Ca tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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2. Example : CaCl2 (Natrium klorida)

Ca (metal) has atomic number 20, with configuration 2 8 8 2. Ca tends to Electron ? gain give / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As many as Cl (nonmetal) has atomic number 17, with configuration 2 8 7, Cl tends to Electron ? gain give /
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2. Example : CaCl2 (Natrium klorida)

Ca (matal) has atomic number 20, with configuration 2 8 8 2. Ca tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cl (non metal) has atomic number 17. with configuration 2 8 7. Cl tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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2. Example : CaCl2 (Calsium klorida)

Ca (metal) has atomic number 20, with configuration 2 8 8 2, Ca tend to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 20Ca Cl (non-metal) has atomic number 17, with configuration 2 8 7, Cl tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2 8 7
Electron transfer
2 8 8 2
2 8
Ca ( 2 8 8 2 ) Ca2+ ( 2 8 8 )+ 2eCl ( 2 8 7 ) + e- Cl- ( 2 8 8 )
x1 x2
Ca + 2Cl Ca+ 2Cl- or CaCl2

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1 Ca atomic needs 2 Cl atomic
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2. Example : Al2O3 bond (Alumunium Oksida)

Al (metal) has atomic number 13, with configuration 2 8 3. Al tends to Electron ? gain give /
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2. Example : Al2O3 bond (Alumunium Oksida)

Al (metal) has atomic number 13, with configuration 2 8 3. Al tends to Eletron ? gain give / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As many as
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2. Example Al2O3 (Alumunium Oksida)

Al (metal) has atomic number 13. with configuration 2 8 3, Al tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O (non metal) has atomic number 8, with configuration 2 6. O tends to Electron ? gain give /
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2. Example : Al2O3 (Alumunium Oksida)

Al (metal) has atomic number 13. with configuration 2 8 3. Al tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O (non metal) has atomic number 8, with configuration 2 6. O tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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Configuration Ionic Covalent
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Metallic
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2. Example: Al2O3 bond (Alumunium Oksida)

Al (metal) has atomic number 13, with configuration 2 8 3, Al tends to Electron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
13Al
O (non metal) has atomic number 8, with configuration 2 6, O tends to Eletron ? gain give / As many as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8O
Electron transfer
13Al
8O
8O
Al ( 2 8 3 ) Al3+ ( 2 8 ) + 3eO ( 2 6 ) + 2e- O2- ( 2 8 )
x2 x3
2Al + 3O 2Al3+ 3O2- or Al2O3

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2 Al atomic needs 3 Atom O
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Covalent bond is bond occurs due to the shering a pair of electrons.

That pair of electrons derive from both binding atoms. Covalent bond tends to occurs on nonmetal atoms Covalent bond is divided in to Single Covalent Bond, Double Covalent Bond , Triple Covalent Bond and Covalent Coordination 1. Example of Single covalent bond a. Ikatan antara atom H (non logam) dengan atom H (non logam)
Ikatan H2
Dua atom H yang saling mendekat sehingga membentuk ikatan molekul H2
H
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H H
atau H - H
Elektron yang Dipakai bersama
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b. Bond between H atomic (non metal) and Cl atomic (non metal) Ikatan HCl
Atom H dan Cl yang saling mendekat sehingga membentuk ikatan molekul HCl
Cl
Cl
atau H - Cl
Elektron yang Dipakai bersama
Atom H memerlukan 1 elektron ( duplet ) sedangkan atom Cl memerlukan 1 elektron (oktet). Kemudian kedua atom memasangkan 1 elektronnya Untuk membentuk molekul HCl
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2. Double Covalent Bond Double Covalent bond is the shared 2 pairs of electrons Its symbolized by ( )
Contoh: Ikatan antara atom O (non logam) dengan atom O (non logam) Ikatan O2
Atom O memiliki nomor atom 8 dengan 6 elektron terluar, agar dapat stabil (oktet) atom O masing-masing membutuhkan 2 elektron.
atau O = O
Dua pasang Elektron yang Dipakai bersama
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3. Triple Covalent Bond Triple Covalent bond is the shared pair of 3 electron Its symbolized by ( )
Contoh: Ikatan antara atom N (non logam) dengan atom N (non logam) Ikatan N2
Atom N memiliki nomor atom 7 dengan 5 elektron terluar, agar dapat stabil (oktet) atom N masing-masing membutuhkan 3 elektron.
atau N
Tiga pasang Elektron yang Dipakai bersama
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3. Covalent Coordination Bond Covalent Coordination is chemical bond in which the shared pair of electrons is provided by only one of the bonded atoms
Misal : Pembentukan ikatan kovalen koordinasi dari NH4+ NH3 + H+ NH4+ +
+
H H N H H
H
H N H
PEB
H
+ H+ H N H H
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The Polarity of Covalent BOnd

The Polarity of covalent bond can be determined based on: a. The difference of electronegativity atom that formed compound b. Molecule Form of covalend compound 1. Non-polar Covalent Compound A Covalent bond is non polar when the bond pair is shared equally by both of nuclei of atoms bonded together (dipole moment=0 or it doesnt occurs polarisai) with characteristic, molecules shape is simetris. Example Element Molecule: H2, N2, Cl2, O2 dll Compound Molecule with simetris shape: BeCl2, BeF2, BH3, BCl3, CH4, CCl4, PCl5, SF6
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Configuration Ionic Covalent Metallic
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2. Polar Covalent Compound Polar covalent compound occurs on atoms that have different electronegativity is big. If we compare the polarity between H F and H Cl, Which one is more polar? Absolutely, H F is more polar because F has bigger electronegativity more than Cl
Elektron yang dipakai bersama Tertarik kearah F bukan H, karena Keelektronegatifan F > H
Contoh: Senyawa-senyawa kovalen polar: HCl, HF, HI, H2O, NH3 dll
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ConfigurationIonicIkatan ion Covalent Metallic SPU
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Metallic Bond is a bonding formed between metallic atom by use electron valence interaction
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Metal ion has positive charge in electron

Menurut teori awan elektron, kristal logam terdiri atas kumpulan ion logam bermuatan positif didalam larutan elektron yang mudah bergerak. Ikatan logam terdapat antara ion logam positif dan elektron yang mudah bergerak tersebut.
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References
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Depdiknas, 2002, Kurikulum berbasis kompetensi mata pelajaran kimia SMA dan MA, Jakarta. Pusat kurikulum Firman, Harry, Liliasari, 1997. Kimia 1 untuk SMU kelas 1, Jakarta , Balai Pustaka. Parning dkk, 2003, Kimia 1A, Yudhistira, cetakan I Petrucci, Ralph, H. Suminar, 1992, Kimia dasar, ed ke-4 jilid 1, Jakarta Erlangga Purba, Michael, 2002, Kimia 1A SMU ,Jakarta , erlangga Santosa Sri juni, 2004, Kimia untuk kelas X, Intan Pariwara Sutresna Nana, 2004, Kimia untuk SMA kelas 1, cetakan II, grafindo. Suyatno dkk, 2004, Kimia SMA kelas 1, Grasindo
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Arahkan Pointer telunjuk tangan ke arah lambang unsur yang dikehendaki
Sistem Periodik Unsur

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Bila memerlukan bantuan sitem periodik silahkan tekan SPU
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1. Ikatan kimia antar unsur-unsur dapat terjadi dikarenakan setiap unsur mempunyai a. Lintasan elektron yang berjumlah sama b. Netron dalam inti atom c. Jumlah proton dan elektronnya dalam inti sama d. Jumlah massa atom e. Kecenderungan memiliki konfigurasi elektron gas mulia
Pilih salah satu jawaban yang benar
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Latihan Soal
No. 2 / 10
SPU Benar, soal berikutnya
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2. Ikatan yang terdapat antara atom-atom H ( nomor atom = 1 ) dalam molekul H2 adalah ikatan ............. a. Ion b. Kovalen c. Hidrogen d. Logam e. Kovalen Polar
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3. Diketahui unsur-unsur P, R, Q, dan S dengan nomor atom berturut-turut 11, 17, 12, dan 18. Ikatan ion mungkin dihasilkan antara atom-atom unsur ........... a. P dan S b. P dan R c. R dan S d. P dan Q e. Q dan S
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4. Dari pasangan-pasangan senyawa di bawah ini, yang mempunyai ikatan kovalen pada kedua senyawanya adalah ......... a. NH3 KCl b. CO2 BaCl2 c. H2O CCl4 d. NaCl KBr e. HF - LiCl
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5. Pada molekul N2 ( nomor atom N=7 ) jumlah pasangan elektron yang digunakan bersama adalah ............ a. Satu b. Dua c. Tiga d. Empat e. Lima
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6. Unsur X mempunyai konfigurasi elektron 2,8,8,2. Sedangkan unsur Y 2,8,18,7. Kalau kedua unsur membentuk senyawa rumusnya adalah .......... a. XY2 b. X2Y c. X2Y3 d. X2Y5 e. X2Y7
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7. Pasangan dibawah ini yang dapat membentuk ikatan kovalen adalah .. a. 8X dan 11Y b. 12P dan 12Q c. 6R dan 17Q d. 19M dan 16T e. 19A dan 35Br
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8. Di antara senyawa di bawah ini yang merupakan senyawa kovalen koordinasi adalah ........ ( Ar, H=1; C=6; N=7; O=8; S=16; Cl=17 ) a. H2O b. CH4 c. CCl4 d. NH4+ e. KCl
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9. Diantara senyawa golongan halogenida berikut yang bersifat paling polar adalah . a. HF b. HCl c. HBr d. HI e. HAt
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10. Pada gambar dibawah ini nomor berapa yang menunjukkan adanya ikatan kovalen koordinasi .. +
3 H N H 1 2 H a. 1 b. 2 4 H
c. 3
d. 4
e. 2 dan 4
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Sman 3 Semarang: Bandingkan Mana Yang Lebih Stabil ?

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Sman 3 Semarang: Bandingkan Mana Yang Lebih Stabil ?

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Ikatan Kimia kelas X Semester Ganjil

Bandingkan Mana Yang Lebih Stabil ?

Berisi Kompetensi dan indikator yang harus dicapai siswa

Compare which one is more stable? Single New Couple

Compare, which one is more stable?

Berisi latihan tentang materi untuk membantu pemahaman konsep

Compare, which one is more stable?

Berisi Sistem Periodik unsur untuk membantu mencari no atom

Compare, which one is more stable?

Berisi Daftar Pustaka yang digunakan sebagai acuan

Compare, which one is more stable?

Noble Gas Configuration

Configuration Stability of Noble Gas

Noble Gas Configuration

Stability of Noble Gas Configuration

Others atom tend to stable as nearest noble gas.

Noble gas configuration

The Way to reach Atoms Stability

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Noble gas configuration

The way to reach Atoms Stability

atomic is near with?

Noble gas configuration

The way to reach atoms stability

atomic is near with

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Noble gas Configuration

The Way to reach atoms stability

atomic is near with?

Li gives 1 electron form Li+ that is stable

Noble gas configuration

The way to write atoms stability

atom is near with?

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Noble gas configuration

The way to reach atoms stability

atom is near with?

configuration of 17Cl : 2 8 7 gas, Cl tends to Gain

in order Cl is stable like noble / Give electron

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Noble gas configuration

The way to reach atoms stability

atom is near with?

Noble gas configuration

The way to reach atoms stability

atom is near with?

Cl receive 1 elektron to form Cl- that is stable

Noble gas configuration

The way to reach atoms stability

atomic is near with?

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Konfigurasi gas mulia

The way to reach atoms stability

atomic is near with?

Noble gas configuration

THE WAY TO REACH ATOMS STABILITY

atomic is near with?

Configuration of 20Ca: 2 8 8 2 noble gas, Ca tends to Gain

In order to Ca can stable is like / electron Give

How many electron that is given?

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Noble gas configuration