HYDRAULIC CONDTIVITY

Click to edit Master subtitle style BY: DEEP NAYARAN

M. Tech. (Expl. Geosciences) Dept.of Geology& Geophysics, IIT KGP, Kharagpur

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Difinition
The ability of geologic material to move

ground water is called hydraulic conductivity.

it is denoted by `K`.

It is measured in gallons per day per square

foot (gpd/ft2) or in feet per day (ft/day).

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Driving forces

Where; Z= elevation head [m] y =pressure head p/g [m] h =total head [m]

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Darcy `s law

The proportionality constant in Darcys law, which depends on medium and fluid properties ;

Grain size Density and viscosity of fluid

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Experimental verification of darcy law

Head loss = the potential loss within the

sand cylinder

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Term related to `K`

Pore velocity or average interstitial velocity ,

Fluid dependent measure for the ability of a given soil to transport water intrinsic Permeability, k [m2] Fluid in-dependent measure for the ability of a given soil to transport water
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Continue

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Varriation on `K` in sand

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Rock classification based on `K`

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1m/day = .0012cm/sec
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Continue

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Hydraulic conductivity of rocks

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Hydraulic conductivity as a tensor Tensor

zero-order : a scalar such as hydraulic head, a single-valued quantity first-order : a vector such as velocity, having three components in general second-order : a tensor such as hydraulic conductivity, having 9 components in general

K xx K = K yx K zx

K xy K yy K zy

K xz K yz K zz

n n

Symmetric hydraulic conductivity : Kij = Kji (i j) Principal hydraulic conductivity : the coordinate system aligns along the principal axes of K such that Kij = 0 (i j) Isotropic hydraulic conductivity : the value of K does not depend on direction, i.e., Kij = 0 (i j), 4/17/12 and Kii =K

 Anisotropic reservoirs

Horizontal hyraulic conductivity of straified beds

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Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity of stratified beds

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Continue

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Messurement of `K`of Geologic samples Click icon to add picture

Laboratory

methods of constant head

K = VL/(AtH)

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Laboratory methods of falling head

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Tracer test for messurement of `K`

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K=L^2/(ht)
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Auger hole tests

It is applied for shallow water table

conditions.
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Unsteady flow conditions. Confined aquifer

where: h :hydraulic head , well, r :radial distance from the pumping

T :aquifer transmisivity S: aquifer storativity (storage coefficient) 4/17/12

Measurement of `K`of a confined aquifer in steady state conditions

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Measurement of `K`of a confined aquifer in steady state conditions

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Measurement of `K`of a confined aquifer in unsteady state conditions

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where: h hydraulic head, r radial distance from the pumping well, T aquifer transmisivity, S aquifer storativity (storage coefficient)
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The Theis solution

= s is the drawdown discharge of the well time since pumping has started Click to edit Master subtitle style T transmisivity

h hydraulic head before 0 pumping start h - h0 Q t

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The Cooper - Jacob solution

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Case study : hydraulic conductivity of areas in selected states of India NL, and Hindon Sub-Basin (2955' - 306'
7735' - 7746' EL ) Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh (India)
Kolar Sub-Basin( 2240' to 2308' NL and

7701' to 7729' EL) Sehore district of Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh

Narsinghpur District , Jabalpur division of Ghataprabha Command (1600'08" to

1688'09" NL and 7426'43" to 7556'33" EL ) and 7640' to 7645' EL Pandavapura taluk of

Lokapavani Command 1228' to 1232' NL 4/17/12

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Instrument Used in Measurement of saturated Hydraulic conductivity Guelph Permeameter

ICW Permeameter Jodhpur Permeameter in the laboratory

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Refererences
Todd,D.K., Groundwater Hydrology second

edition John wiley & sons.

Kumar, P.C. and Mittal,S. SOIL MOISTURE

RETENTION CHARACTERISTICS AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY FOR DIFFERENT AREAS IN INDIA IN SELECTED STATES National Institute of Hydrology ,Roorkee (Uttarakhand), India
www.goole.com

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THANK YOU!

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