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What is gps ? About gps system. How gps system works ? Triangualting Pseudo Random Code Differential GPS Bibliography Reference

WHAT IS GPS ?
Gps is global positioning system.

Gps system was developed by U.S defence for military


purpose around 1973-74.

But in 1980 the U.S gov. made this system available for
the civilians use , at free of cost.

Gps works in any whether condition and anywhere in the


world for 24 hours a day.

Gps helps us to locate anywhere on the earth with good


accuracy.

Gps is also used in the navigation system , and for whether


forecast.

ABOUT GPS SYSTEM


The gps system consists of constellation of 27
satellites and their ground stations. Amongst them 24 are used and rest 3 are used in case of failure of any active satellite. The satellites have a expensive atomic clock in them and all these clocks are set at exact same time.

The receiver must be at least connected with 4


satellites to determine its location and direction and speed. The gps system can be divided into 3 elements 4 , ie. a)the satellite transmitter , b)the ground

HOW GPS SYSTEM WORKS


A

gps satellite sends a signsl which has the infoemation of its location and time is stored. When this signal is received by the reciever , it calculates the difference between the time of reception and transmittion. This helps the receiver to calculate its position and with the help of advance softwares alos the maps can be shown in the background. The sent signal from the gps satellite may take saome time to reach the receiver or ground station due to atmosphere layers. The receivers are now-a-days miniaturized in few5 integrated circuits ,thus making them economical.

TRIANGULATING
Traingulating

is the method of locating a object on

earth. Here we use a satellite as the reference point in the space.

Here the receiver measures the distance using the travel time of radio signals. Along with the distance we need to know where the satellites are present in the space.

STEP--1

By keeping a reference point as the satellite , we have the initial point and its information. With help of this information we can strike out the probability of us to be present anywhere else in the space.

STEP--2

After

receiving the signal from second satellite , it increases the probability of being ina limited area rather on rest of the earth.
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STEP--3

The

information signal from the third satellite put us even more nearer to the place we are. Thus nearly calculating our exact location by three satellites. And to decide which one is the true location we 9 can use the 4th satellite also.

PSEUDO RANDOM CODE


Velocity Time = Distance This equation will help us to determine the distance of the
satellite from the receiver . The signals transmitted are radio signals so it travels at the speed of light or roughly 1,86,000 miles per second , the only factor we want is time ??? Each satellite has a unique pseudo random code.

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When the transmitter sends signal it also sends


its time of transmission. The receiver than compare the received signal time with the tramittion time. The difference in the sync of the times determines the travel time which helps to get the actual time. And thus we have velocity, time and distance to 11 locate our exact position.

DIFFERENTIAL GPS (D-GPS)


Differential Gps involves the co-operation of
two receivers one thats stationary and and one thats roving around making the measurements. D-gps is stationary hence its co-ordinate and distance is known and fixed. D-gps calculates the error in the signal and sends it to the roving receiver , which helps it to be more accurate.

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APPLICATIONS

Location

:- determining a basic position Navigation :- getting from one location to another. Tracking :- monitoring the movement of the people and the things. Mapping :- creating the maps of the world Timing :- bringing precise timing to the world
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.trimble.com/gps/hygps.html

http://mph-roadmap.mit.edu http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/gps2.htm
http://www.diginetlink.com/buyer_guide_s/87.htm

www.amazon.com
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REFERENCE
www.google.com

www.wikipedia.com www.howstuffwork.com

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