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I/O PORT
Timer
MICROCONTROLLER
A smaller computer
On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
ExampleMotorolas 6811, Intels 8051, Zilogs Z8 and PIC 16X
MICROPROCESSOR:
ROM External Program Counter Bus interface Logic RAM External Displa y i/ps
ALU
Registers.
INTERRUPT CONTROL
TIMER0
ON-CHIP RAM
TIMER1
COUNTER INPUTS
CPU
OSC
BUS CONTROL
4 I/O PORTS
SERIAL PORT
P0
P1 P2 P3
TXD
RXD
ADDRESS/DATA
MICROPROCESSOR Vs MICROONTROLLER
Microprocessor :
CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separate
Designer can decide on the amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports.
Expensive Versatility
General-purpose
Microcontroller:
CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single chip
Feature
ROM(on-chip program space in bytes)
RAM(bytes) Timers 1/O pins Serial Port Interrupt sources
8051 8052
4K
128 2 32 1 6
8031
0K
128 2 32 1 6
8K
256 3 32 1 8
AT89C51
4K
128
128
32
32
2
2
6
6
5V
3V
40
40
AT89LV51 4K
64
128
15
15
1
2
3
6
3V
3V
20
20
128 128
32 32
3 3
8 8
5V 3V
40 40
8051
34 33 32
31
30 29 28 27 26
EA/VPP
ALE/PROG PSEN P2.7 (A15) P2.6 (A14) P2.5 (A13)
(WR) P3.6
(RD) P3.7 XTAL2 XTAL1 GND
16
17 18 19 20
25
24 23 22 21
P2.4 (A12)
P2.3 (A11) P2.2 (A10) P2.1 (A9) P2.0 (A8)
Pin number
Vcc(Pin 40) GND(Pin 20) XTAL1(Pin19) and XTAL2(Pin18) RST(Pin 9)
Description
Provides supply voltage to the chip .The voltage source is +5V It is the Ground The 8051 needs external clock to run it.Most often quartz crystal oscillator is connected to inputs XTAL1(Pin 19) and XTAL(Pin 18) It is the RESET pin.Upon applying high pulse to this pin the micro controller will reset and terminate all activities The 8051 family members all come with on-chip ROM to store programs.So EA connected to Vcc.
EA (Pin 31)
P1
P0 EA ALE 1
Instruction
Latch
Address
P3
P2
PSEN 0 OE External ROM
Microcontroller
Latch
Microcontroller
1 0 M1
P0.X
Write to latch Clk Q
OFF
Load(L1)
P1.X
Write to latch Clk Q
OFF
TB1
Read Pin
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Embedded system means the processor is embedded into that application. Embedded system is a combination of software and hardware and some other mechanical parts to perform a task. An embedded product uses a microprocessor or microcontroller to do one task only. In an embedded system, there is only one application software that is typically burned into ROM. Example: printer, keyboard, video game player etc
Meeting the computing needs of the task efficiently and cost effectively
speed, the amount of ROM and RAM, the number of I/O ports and timers, size, packaging, power consumption
Easy to upgrade
Common features,
8-bit processor 4 I/O ports each 8bits wide
8051 4K 128 2
8052 8K 256 3
8031 0K 128 2
I/O pins
Serial port Interrupt sources
32
1 6
32
1 8
32
1 6